Introduction to Genetic, Genomic and System Analyses of Pure Cultures

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Víctor de Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Pure Cultures

Cas de suie de l'érable et de chancre du peuplier dans le canton de Genève

2016 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Bastien Cochard ◽  
François Lefort
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Flora ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Cytospora Chrysosperma ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Populus X Euramericana ◽  
Bark Peeling ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
First Time

A case of sooty bark disease and Cytospora poplar canker in the Canton of Geneva In summer 2014, a case of sooty bark disease caused by Cryptostroma corticale on an individual field maple (Acer campestre) and two cases of poplar canker due to Cytospora chrysosperma on Populus x euramericana were identified genetically for the first time on the territory of the Canton of Geneva. In both cases, the trees presented signs of very advanced dieback, accompanied by specific symptoms such as bark peeling and sooty plaques for the maple, and loose twisted bark layers and black colouring of the wood in structural branches of the poplars. Sampling was carried out in the symptomatic areas and components of the fungal flora were isolated in pure cultures in order to identify any pathogenic fungi. The molecular analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences made it possible to identify precisely all pure isolates obtained. The results showed a majority presence of C. corticale in the maple tree, and of C. chrysosperma in the two poplars. Both these fungi are little known in Switzerland and Europe, and their presence is maybe associated with changes in the climate.

Microbial contamination dynamics in surgical treatment of patients using dental implants in a limited bone tissue volume

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
A.M. Tsitsiashvili ◽  
A.M. Panin ◽  
Ye.N. Nikolayeva ◽  
A.A. Arutyunyan ◽  
M.S. Podporin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Dental Implantation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Short Implants ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Step Therapy

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic chemotherapy regimens and the dynamics of the nature of microbial associations of the operating area at the surgical stages of treatment of patients using dental implants in conditions of limited bone tissue. The study involved 37 patients (17 m and 20 w, from 32 to 68 years). According to the tactics of the treatment and the type of antibacterial effect, the patients were divided into 3 groups. Per os was prescribed antibiotics as a step therapy: amoxicillin (flemoxin 500 mg 1 tablet 2 per day for 7 days) and amoxicillin / clavulanate (flemoclav 625 mg 1 table 2 per day 7 days), doxycycline (unidox 100 mg 1 table 1 per day 5 days). The 1st group of patients (n1=12; 31.9%) — a multi-stage approach (MA), where the 1st operation is bone grafting (BG) (Flemoxin 500 mg), after 6—9 months, the 2nd dental implantation (DI) (flemoklav 625 mg), after 3—6 months the 3rd — installation of gingival formers (GF) (unidox 100 mg). The 2nd group of patients (n2=14; 36.2%) — a one-stage approach (OA), where the 1st operation is BG with simultaneous DI (flemoxin 500 mg), after 6—9 months — the 2nd — installation of GF (flemoklav 625 mg). 3rd group — narrow/short implants (N/S) without BG were installed (n3=11; 31.9%). The 1st operation — DI (Flemoxin 500 mg), the 2nd — installation of GF (Flemoklav 625 mg). A bacteriological study with the identification of pure cultures of bacteria and determination of sensitivity to antibacterial drugs was performed for all patients before treatment and in dynamics. In MA, there was a suppression of the growth of certain types of bacteria and an increase in the number of species resistant to this antibiotic. In the framework of the OA, when prescribing antibiotics, the results were comparable. With N/S implants, growth inhibition of a number of species present at the beginning of treatment was noted. In multi-stage operations, we consider it reasonable to use beta-lactamase-protected drugs, or drugs of another group that include representatives of parodontopathogenic species and potential carriers of multiple resistance genes in their spectrum of action.

An Improved Membrane Filtration Method for Enumeration of Faecal Coliforms and E. Coli by a Fluorogenic β-Glucuronidase Assay

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Augoustinos ◽  
N. A. Grabow ◽  
B. Genthe ◽  
R. Kfir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Environmental Waters ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Glucuronidase Assay

A fluorogenic β-glucuronidase assay comprising membrane filtration followed by selective enumeration on m-FC agar at 44.5°C and further confirmation using tlie 4-metliylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronide (MUG) containing medium was evaluated for the detection of Escherichia coli in water. A total of 200 typical blue and non-typical blue colonies were isolated from sea and fresh water samples using initial selective enumeration on m-FC agar. Pure cultures of the selected colonies were further tested using the MUG assay and identified using the API 20E method. Of the colonies tested which were shown to be positive using the MUG assay 99.4% were Escherichia coli. The results of this study indicate the combination of the m-FC method followed by the MUG assay to be highly efficient for the selection and confirmation of E. coli from a wide range of environmental waters.

Microbiological characterisation of pure cultures and its relevance to modelling and control of bulking phenomena

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Tomei ◽  
C. Levantesi ◽  
S. Rossetti ◽  
V. Tandoi
Keyword(s):  
Pure Cultures ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Anoxygenic photo- and chemosynthesis of phototrophic sulfur bacteria from an alpine meromictic lake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Di Nezio ◽  
Clarisse Beney ◽  
Samuele Roman ◽  
Francesco Danza ◽  
Antoine Buetti-Dinh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Meromictic Lake ◽  
Purple Sulfur Bacterium ◽  
Phototrophic Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Chlorobium Phaeobacteroides ◽  
Anoxic Environment ◽  
Dark Carbon Fixation

Abstract Meromictic lakes are interesting ecosystems to study anaerobic microorganisms due their permanent stratification allowing the formation of a stable anoxic environment. The crenogenic meromictic Lake Cadagno harbors an important community of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria responsible for almost half of its total productivity. Besides their ability to fix CO2 through photosynthesis, these microorganisms also showed high rates of dark carbon fixation via chemosyntesis. Here, we grew in pure cultures three populations of anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria previously isolated from the lake, accounting for 72.8% of the total microbial community, and exibiting different phenotypes: 1) the motile, large-celled purple sulfur bacterium (PSB) Chromatium okenii, 2) the small-celled PSB Thiodictyon syntrophicum, and 3) the green sulfur bacterium (GSB) Chlorobium phaeobacteroides. We measured their ability to fix CO2 through photo- and chemo-synthesis, both in situ in the lake and in laboratory under different incubation conditions. We also evaluated the efficiency and velocity of H2S photo-oxidation, an important reaction in the anoxygenic photosynthesis process. Our results confirm that phototrophic sulfur bacteria strongly fix CO2 in the presence of light and that oxygen increases chemosynthesis at night, in laboratory conditions. Moreover, substancial differences were displayed between the three selected populations in terms of activity and abundance.

scholarly journals Development of a Co-Dominant Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences Assay for the Rapid Detection and Differentiation of Two Pathogenic Clarireedia spp. Associated with Dollar Spot in Turfgrass

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1489
Author(s):  
Tammy Stackhouse ◽  
Sumyya Waliullah ◽  
Alfredo D. Martinez-Espinoza ◽  
Bochra Bahri ◽  
Emran Ali
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Primers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Dollar Spot ◽  
Direct Pcr ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences

Dollar spot is one of the most destructive diseases in turfgrass. The causal agents belong to the genus Clarireedia, which are known for causing necrotic, sunken spots in turfgrass that coalesce into large damaged areas. In low tolerance settings like turfgrass, it is of vital importance to rapidly detect and identify the pathogens. There are a few methods available to identify the genus Clarireedia, but none of those are rapid enough and characterize down to the species level. This study produced a co-dominant cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) test that differentiates between C. jacksonii and C. monteithiana, the two species that cause dollar spot disease within the United States. The calmodulin gene (CaM) was targeted to generate Clarireedia spp. specific PCR primers. The CAPS assay was optimized and tested for specificity and sensitivity using DNA extracted from pure cultures of two Clarireedia spp. and other closely related fungal species. The results showed that the newly developed primer set could amplify both species and was highly sensitive as it detected DNA concentrations as low as 0.005 ng/µL. The assay was further validated using direct PCR to speed up the diagnosis process. This drastically reduces the time needed to identify the dollar spot pathogens. The resulting assay could be used throughout turfgrass settings for a rapid and precise identification method in the US.

The Use of Pure Cultures for the Preparation of Kushuk

1974 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.F. Alnouri ◽  
C.L. Duitschaever ◽  
J.M. deMan
Keyword(s):  
Pure Cultures

Survival of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Enteritidis on Salted Sardines (Sardina pilchardus) during Ripening

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1479-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. ARKOUDELOS ◽  
F. J. SAMARAS ◽  
C. C. TASSOU
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Sardina Pilchardus ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Ripening Period ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Market Needs

The ripening period for salted sardines ranges from 4 to 6 months, depending on the season. Sometimes producing industries need to distribute the product earlier owing to market needs, and when this happens the product's safety needs to be assured. The purpose of this work was to study the survival of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Enteritidis on salted sardines during a ripening period of 115 days. Salted sardines were inoculated with pure cultures of S. aureus and Salmonella Enteritidis (105 CFU/g of fish on day 0). After 5 days of ripening, the water activity value for the sardines decreased from 0.93 to 0.69. The survival of both pathogens and that of total viable cells were evaluated during the ripening process. Total viable counts decreased by 2 log units over the 115-day ripening period. Salmonella Enteritidis and S. aureus survived for 60 and 90 days, respectively. Therefore, the use of a 90-day ripening period could be effective in assuring the safety of the final product.

Development and quantitative measurement of microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 2097-2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hall ◽  
H. Ly
Keyword(s):  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Low Glucose ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Hyaline Material

The development of microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae from a few swollen hyaline cells on a hypha to a multicellular, pigmented "mature" structure is described and illustrated. A method for quantitatively estimating the amount of pigmented microsclerotial material in pure cultures was developed to study quantitative relations between mycelial growth and production of microsclerotial material in media containing different concentrations of glucose. At low glucose concentrations (0.6 to 10 mg/ml) microsclerotial material continued to increase after total dry weight of the cultures had reached a maximum, suggesting conversion of hyaline to pigmented material. At high glucose concentrations (20 to 60 mg/ml) the patterns of increase in total dry weight, microsclerotial material, and hyaline material were similar over a 4-week incubation period. Maximum production of both pigmented and hyaline materials occurred at a glucose concentration of 30 mg/ml (carbon/nitrogen ratio of 50/1).

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