The Integrated Role of Biomaterials and Stem Cells in Vascular Regeneration

2010 ◽  
pp. 195-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoming Sun ◽  
Sravanti Kusuma ◽  
Sharon Gerecht
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Vascular Regeneration

scholarly journals Role of Transforming Growth Factor Signalling in Marrow Stem Cell Differentiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Nazarali ◽  
Zia A Khan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Endothelial Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation Process ◽  
Vascular Regeneration ◽  
Tgfβ Signalling

Bone marrow stem cells have the ability to self renew and differentiate into a multitude of different cell types. Of the various cell potentials, the endothelial differentiation process has been the least understood due to highly context dependent methods of regulation. It was previously found that following mesodermal induction, endothelial precursors emerged in association with inhibited transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signalling. To better understand the role of TGFβ signalling in the differentiation process, we treated bone marrow mononuclear cells with either a TGFβ pathway inhibitor, GW788388, or exogenous activating ligand, TGFβ1, and characterized the expression levels of various cellular markers. We demonstrate that neither treatment leads directly to an endothelial phenotype. Instead, we propose a two-step process of TGFβ and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signalling cross-talk, that could potentially be responsible for endothelial differentiation of bone marrow derived stem cells. Our ability to derive functional endothelial cells from postnatal stem cells may impact multiple fields of research, including the study of vascular regeneration and understanding the mechanisms underlying vascular disease.

An Investigation Of The Role Of Stem Cells In Explaining Bodily Resurrection

2018 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
قدسية اکبري ◽  
سید مرتضی حسینی شاھرودي ◽  
أفضل بلوكى ◽  
مرضية آبیاري
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bodily Resurrection

Therapeutic Role of Bmi-1 Inhibitors in Eliminating Prostate Tumor Stem Cells

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Y. Kim ◽  
Joseph Bertino ◽  
Hatem E. Sabaawy
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Prostate Tumor ◽  
Tumor Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Role

Overexpression of Pygo2 Increases Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cardiomyocyte-like Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Yang ◽  
Shuoji Zhu ◽  
Yongqing Li ◽  
Jian Zhuang ◽  
Jimei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Qrt Pcr

Background: Our previous studies have shown that Pygo (Pygopus) in Drosophila plays a critical role in adult heart function that is likely conserved in mammals. However, its role in the differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) into cardiomyocytes remains unknown. Objective: To investigate the role of pygo2 in the differentiation of hUC-MSCs into cardiomyocytes. Methods: Third passage hUC-MSCs were divided into two groups: a p+ group infected with the GV492-pygo2 virus and a p− group infected with the GV492 virus. After infection and 3 or 21 days of incubation, Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect pluripotency markers, including OCT-4 and SOX2. Nkx2.5, Gata-4 and cTnT were detected by immunofluorescence at 7, 14 and 21 days post-infection, respectively. Expression of cardiac-related genes—including Nkx2.5, Gata-4, TNNT2, MEF2c, ISL-1, FOXH1, KDR, αMHC and α-Actin—were analyzed by qRT-PCR following transfection with the virus at one, two and three weeks. Results : After three days of incubation, there were no significant changes in the expression of the pluripotency stem cell markers OCT-4 and SOX2 in the p+ group hUC-MSCs relative to controls (OCT-4: 1.03 ± 0.096 VS 1, P > 0.05, SOX2: 1.071 ± 0.189 VS 1, P > 0.05); however, after 21 days, significant decreases were observed (OCT-4: 0.164 ± 0.098 VS 1, P < 0.01, SOX2: 0.209 ± 0.109 VS 1, P < 0.001). Seven days following incubation, expression of mesoderm specialisation markers, such as Nkx2.5, Gata-4, MEF2c and KDR, were increased; at 14 days following incubation, expression of cardiac genes, such as Nkx2.5, Gata-4, TNNT2, MEF2c, ISL-1, FOXH1, KDR, αMHC and α-Actin, were significantly upregulated in the p+ group relative to the p− group (P < 0.05). Taken together, these findings suggest that overexpression of pygo2 results in more hUCMSCs gradually differentiating into cardiomyocyte-like cells. Conclusion: We are the first to show that overexpression of pygo2 significantly enhances the expression of cardiac-genic genes, including Nkx2.5 and Gata-4, and promotes the differentiation of hUC-MSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells.

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