Implications of Water Quality on Irrigation Practices Under Water Scarcity

2009 ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Faycel Chenini
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Irrigation Practices

scholarly journals Global water scarcity including surface water quality and expansions of clean water technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 024020
Author(s):  
Michelle T H van Vliet ◽  
Edward R Jones ◽  
Martina Flörke ◽  
Wietse H P Franssen ◽  
Naota Hanasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Global Water

The multifaceted outcomes of community-engaged water quality management in a Palestinian refugee camp

2020 ◽  
pp. 251484862092185
Author(s):  
Amahl Bishara ◽  
Nidal Al-Azraq ◽  
Shatha Alazzeh ◽  
John L Durant
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Refugee Camp ◽  
Military Occupation ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
The Usa

The Palestinian residents of Aida Refugee Camp have lived under Israeli military occupation for over 50 years. While they struggle against the more legible concerns of the separation wall, unemployment, military violence, and high rates of incarceration, these residents are also acutely aware of a lack of adequate drinking water supplies. This led one young filmmaker, working at a small Palestinian non-governmental organization (NGO) in Aida, to produce a documentary in 2011 called Everyday Nakba, which suggests that for Palestinians, water scarcity is a continuation of the historical crisis of dispossession that began in 1948. This documentary ignited an interdisciplinary and multimodal collaboration among an environmental engineer, an environmental lawyer, an anthropologist, a Boston-based NGO, and the small Palestinian NGO to investigate problems of water quality that are related to water scarcity. This article—co-authored by members of the group of interdisciplinary scholars and NGO workers—reflects on our practice together to chronicle how small NGOs and interdisciplinary groups of community-engaged scholars can creatively approach multifaceted environmental problems, while also examining the limits of such approaches. Our collaboration has catalyzed water quality testing, point-of-use water treatment, rooftop gardens, awareness about water problems, political advocacy, and environmental education, though it has not been able to address the structural problem of inadequate supply of water. It has led to research that contributed to the literature on water intermittency. This article considers how this collaboration has shifted how members of a refugee community think about justice and the environment. Water concerns often demand a multifaceted and interdisciplinary approach because water scarcity has health, economic, social, and political implications. Our research team saw how interdisciplinary collaboration and a network of activists in the West Bank and the USA can lead to multifaceted—albeit modest—outcomes, even though military occupation presents stubborn barriers to major change.

The Mighty Elkhorn

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zina Merkin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Human Spirit ◽  
Franklin County ◽  
Scenic Beauty ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

This chapter highlights aspects of water’s call to the human spirit from a personal perspective. It raises questions about values, priorities, and policies as communities look to the future of water scarcity. In addition to playing a fundamental role in daily life, water is also important psychologically and culturally. How can communities preserve water for animal habitats, scenic beauty, and recreation as well as drinking water and irrigation? The history of Elkhorn Creek in Franklin County illuminates the efforts of people joining forces to preserve access to this valuable creek and illustrations the love of water developed through recreational activities like whitewater paddlesports that drives communities to protect water quality and access.

scholarly journals At the nexus of fire, water and society

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1696) ◽  
pp. 20150172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Fire Effects ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Us Cities ◽  
Global Water

The societal risks of water scarcity and water-quality impairment have received considerable attention, evidenced by recent analyses of these topics by the 2030 Water Resources Group, the United Nations and the World Economic Forum. What are the effects of fire on the predicted water scarcity and declines in water quality? Drinking water supplies for humans, the emphasis of this exploration, are derived from several land cover types, including forests, grasslands and peatlands, which are vulnerable to fire. In the last two decades, fires have affected the water supply catchments of Denver (CO) and other southwestern US cities, and four major Australian cities including Sydney, Canberra, Adelaide and Melbourne. In the same time period, several, though not all, national, regional and global water assessments have included fire in evaluations of the risks that affect water supplies. The objective of this discussion is to explore the nexus of fire, water and society with the hope that a more explicit understanding of fire effects on water supplies will encourage the incorporation of fire into future assessments of water supplies, into the pyrogeography conceptual framework and into planning efforts directed at water resiliency. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The interaction of fire and mankind’.

scholarly journals Addressing water quality in water footprinting: current status, methods and limitations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Mikosch ◽  
Markus Berger ◽  
Matthias Finkbeiner
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Textile Processing ◽  
Water Footprinting

Abstract Purpose In contrast to water consumption, water pollution has gained less attention in water footprinting so far. Unlike water scarcity impact assessment, on which a consensus has recently been achieved, there is no agreement on how to address water quality deterioration in water footprinting. This paper provides an overview of existing water footprint methods to calculate impacts associated with water pollution and discusses their strengths and limitations using an illustrative example. Methods The methods are described and applied to a case study for the wastewater generated in textile processing. The results for two scenarios with different water quality parameters are evaluated against each other and the water scarcity footprint (WSF). Finally, methodological aspects, strengths and limitations of each method are analysed and discussed and recommendations for the methods application are provided. Results and discussion Two general impact assessment approaches exist to address water quality in water footprinting: the Water Degradation Footprint (WDF) calculates the impacts associated with the propagation of released pollutants in the environment and their uptake by the population and ecosystem, while the Water Availability Footprint (WAF) quantifies the impacts related to the water deprivation, when polluted water cannot be used. Overall, seven methods to consider water quality in water footprinting were identified, which rely upon one or a combination of WDF, WAF and WSF. Methodological scopes significantly vary regarding the inventory requirements and provided results (a single-score or several impact categories). The case study demonstrated that the methods provide conflicting results concerning which scenario is less harmful with regard to the water pollution. Conclusions This paper provides a review of the water pollution assessment methods in water footprinting and analyses their modelling choices and resulting effects on the WF. With regard to the identified inconsistencies, we reveal the urgent need for a guidance for the methods application to provide robust results and allow a consistent evaluation of the water quality in water footprinting.

scholarly journals Eficácia da Cobrança pelo Uso de Recursos Hídricos condicionada ao Índice de Qualidade da Água: Estudo de Caso, Minas Gerais, Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Cíntia Maria Ribeiro Vilarinho ◽  
Marcelo Gonzaga Muller ◽  
Aline Souza Cavalcante ◽  
Mariana Morales Leite Costa ◽  
José Augusto Costa Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Water Value ◽  
Minas Gerais State

Em vários países o preço da água pode e melhorou quantitativa e qualitativamente a distribuição deste recurso. O preço adequado e bem utilizado levou a uma melhor sustentabilidade e conservação da água por meio de regulamentos prescritivos, incluindo até o racionamento de água. O uso de preços para gerenciar a demanda de água é mais econômico do que a implementação de programas de conservação sem preços. No Brasil, através de instrumentos legais, é prevista a cobrança pelo uso dos recursos hídricos, sinalizando pela necessidade do reconhecimento do valor econômico da água associado ao seu uso, ao desenvolvimento sustentável mediante aos desafios da escassez hídrica futura. Para que a cobrança pelo uso da água não se torne um mero mecanismo de arrecadação pública, e devido também, a inexistência de estudos que investiguem e expressem de forma clara os objetivos e finalidades da cobrança em Minas Gerais, esta pesquisa se fez necessária. Desta forma, este trabalho objetivou investigar e avaliar a cobrança pelo uso da água e sua eficácia na melhoria do Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA) estabelecida pelo órgão gestor. Em Minas Gerais, de 91,67% das Unidades de Planejamento e Gestão de Recursos Hídricos (UPGRHs), onde existe a cobrança instituída, não se constatou uma tendência na melhoria do IQA. Apenas 36,36% das bacias estaduais que cobram pelo uso da água melhoraram os níveis de IQA, enquanto 63,63% pioraram ou não tiveram variação significativa.  Charging Effectiveness for the Use of Water Resources conditioned to the Water Quality Index: Case Study, Minas Gerais, Brazil A B S T R A C TIn several countries the price of water can and has improved quantitatively and qualitatively the distribution of the resource. The appropriate and well-used price has led to better sustainability and conservation of water through prescriptive regulations, including even water rationing. Using prices to manage water demand is more economical than implementing price-free conservation programs. In Brazil, through legal instruments, charging for the use of water resources is foreseen, signaling mainly the need to recognize the economic value of water associated with its use, sustainable development through the challenges of future water scarcity. So that, charging for the use of water does not become a mere mechanism for public collection, and also due to the lack of studies that investigate and clearly express the objectives and purposes of charging in Minas Gerais state, this research was necessary. Thus, this study aimed to investigate and evaluate the charge for water use and its effectiveness in improving the Water Quality Index (WQI) established by the managing body. In Minas Gerais, of 91.67% of the Water Resources Planning and Management Units (UPGRHs), where the collection is in place, there was no trend in improving the IQA. Only 36.36% of the state basins that charge for the use of water improved the levels of IQA, while 63.63% worsened or had no significant variation.Keywords: Water scarcity. Water availability. Water Value.

The Interaction Between Water Scarcity and Water Quality Degradation: Israel as a Case Study

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 453-463
Author(s):  
H I Shuval
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Water Management System ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Gradual Accumulation ◽  
Major Surface ◽  
Year 2000

Israel is facing an impending water crisis of potentially major proportions due to severe water scarcity and increasing degradation of water quality. By 1981 all of the country's known replenishable fresh water resources were being utilized with severe over pumping of the ground water. The gradual accumulation of chlorides and nitrates in the coastal aquifer may severely reduce the utility of this major water resource for both agricultural and domestic purposes by the year 2000, unless drastic steps to abate the process are initiated immediately. Lake Kinneret, the country's major surface watersource, is a highly sensitive ecosystem whose stability could be threatened unless organic pollution is strictly controlled. The belief in desalinization of sea water as some sort of technological “Messiah”, providing solutions to both the problems of water quantity and quality is seriously questioned. The need to reorganize the country's water management system to meet the urgent problems of the impending crisis is proposed.

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