scholarly journals Viral Infections in Children in the 2014/2015 Epidemic Season in Poland

2016 ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hallmann-Szelińska ◽  
K. Bednarska ◽  
K. Kondratiuk ◽  
D. Rabczenko ◽  
L. B. Brydak
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Epidemic Season

scholarly journals Influenza in the COVID-19 era: principles of modern pharmacotherapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
N. B. Lazareva
Keyword(s):  
Generation Time ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Spread Of Infection

Influenza is one of the most common infectious diseases and a significant public health problem. Every year, the influenza virus causes 3–5 million severe cases, millions hospitalizations and approximately 650,000 deaths. According to WHO four new influenza strains are projected to circulate in the 2020–2021 epidemic season. Influenza A and B strains are: A/Guangdong-Maonan/ SWL1536/2019 (H1N1) pdm09, A/Hong Kong/2671/2019 (H3N2), B/Washington/02/2019 (Victoria lineage), B/ Phuket/3073/2013 (Yamagata lineage). In this context, the problem of prescribing rational antiviral therapy is particularly importance. COVID-19, along with influenza, is a group of respiratory viral infections, but important differences exist in terms of viral agents and the spread of infection. Important differences include the rate of transmission. The average incubation period and generation time (the time between infecting one person and infecting another) for influenza are shorter. COVID-19 may be more severe, causing complications and deaths in 3–4% of cases. The estimated generation time for COVID 19 is 5-6 days, while for influenza it is 3 days. According to the latest data, the reproductive number, i.e., the number of people who can be infected by one patient, is in the range of 2 to 2.5 in COVID 19, which is higher than in influenza. Only a laboratory test can accurately identify the type of pathogen and distinguish it from influenza and other respiratory viruses. Neuraminidase inhibitors are currently first-line drugs recommended by WHO for the treatment and prevention of influenza.

scholarly journals ЕPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND СLINICAL FEATURES OF INFLUENZA IN CHILDREN IN THE STAVROPOL TERRITORY IN THE EPIDEMIC PERIOD OF 2015–2016 AND 2016–2017 YEARS

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
S. M. Bezrodnova ◽  
N. A. Yatsenko ◽  
O. O. Kravchenko ◽  
Sh. M. Khurtsilava
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Microcirculation Disturbance ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

Objective: to study the clinical and epidemiological features of influenza in children in the Stavropol Territory.Materials and methods: influenza prevalence is analyzed from 2015 to 2017 the paper used the data from the Territorial Rospotrebnadzor in the Stavropol Territory. We used the following methods: bibliographic, monographic description, epidemiological, analytical, statistical methods.Results: Among the deciphered acute respiratory viral infections, the specific gravity of influenza A (H1N1) 09 in 2016 reached 78%, and in 2017 influenza B prevailed – in 57,4% of children, and influenza A (H3N2) – in 42,6% of cases. In 2016 68,5% of children under 6 years of age, of all admitted, were hospitalized, and in 2017 – 83,86%. We presented the peculiarities of the course of influenza in different epidemic seasons.Conclusion: Unvaccinated children up to 6 years of age have the disease mainly in severe forms and with complications. The epidemic period began to increase in 2015–2016 at week 52, and in 2016–2017 from week 48, ended at week 13 and at week 17. At the epidemic of 2015–2016, intoxication syndrome with chills, microcirculation disturbance, catarrhal syndrome, ARDS prevailed in the clinical picture. The epidemic season of 2016–2017 was characterized by intoxication syndrome, encephalic reaction, hemorrhagic and myalgic syndromes.

PECULIARITIES OF THE INFLUENZA EPIDEMICS DURING 2015–2016, 2016–2017 AND 2017–2018 SEASONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
M.E. Ignat’eva ◽  
I.Yu. Samoilova ◽  
L.V. Budatsyrenova ◽  
T.V. Korita ◽  
O.E. Trotsenko
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
H3n2 Virus ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
The Republic

We analyzed the epidemiological situations on influenza and acute respiratory viral infections during the 2015–2016, 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 epidemic seasons in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 epidemic seasons differed from the previous ones by a rather high intensity of the epidemic process, moderate duration of the epidemic awareness with a two-wave pattern of the course, high morbidity of the population at the epidemic peak and the absence of the disease’s severe forms in those vaccinated against influenza. During the 2015–2016 epidemic season, the influenza A (H1N1) virus was the dominant pathogen in Yakutia. During the 2016–2017 epidemic season, the first morbidity awareness was caused by the influenza A (H3N2) virus, the second morbidity awareness was caused by the influenza B virus. In contrast to previous two seasons the 2017–2018 epidemic season is characterized by lower intensity, a significant morbidity decrease of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections in different age groups of the population and a low level of influenza viruses' circulation. Influenza A (H3N2) virus dominated and joined influenza B virus circulation was registered subsequently during the 2017–2018 epidemic season.

scholarly journals Clinical features of rhinovirus infection in hospitalized adult patients during the epidemic season 2017–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
M. A. Bichurina ◽  
L. V. Voloshchuk ◽  
A. Go ◽  
M. M. Pisareva ◽  
D. A. Guzhov
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Acute Bronchitis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Rhinovirus Infection ◽  
Viral Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Complicated Course ◽  
Adults And Children

Purpose. Rhinovirus infection has in the past been perceived as a disease capable of causing mild respiratory symptoms in most cases in children. Modern clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that rhinovirus infection in adults and children and has a moderate and severe course. The aim of this study was to conduct a clinical and laboratory analysis of cases of rhinovirus infection in adult hospitalized patients and evaluate the etiological role of rinoviruses in the epidemic season of 2017/18.Materials and methods. 1013 case histories of patients admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of SARS were studied. These patients were taken nasopharyngeal swabs were investigated by PCR for the detection of respiratory pathogens. A positive result was obtained with rhinovirus infection of 51 patients.Results. Of the examined patients, 41,6% had influenza, 45,8% had no viruses and 12,6% had other viral infections, of which 40% were due to rhinovirus infection. Among them, young patients prevailed: the median age for men was 31,0 years, for women-27,5 years. The disease occurred in a moderate form – 78,8%, severe course was observed in 5,3% of patients and was accompanied by infectious and toxic shock. Most often the disease occurred with complications acute bronchitis – 22,1%, pneumonia joined in 15,7% of cases.Conclusion. rhinovirus infection ranks first (40%) among non-influenza causes of viral respiratory tract infection in the examined patients. It was registered mainly in young people. In most cases, it proceeded in a moderate form and had a complicated course, including pneumonia.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS AND PATHOGENS OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS IN POPULATION OF KAZAKHSTAN DURING 2018-2019 EPIDEMIC SEASON

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Klivleyeva ◽  
N. S. Ongarbayeva ◽  
A. M. Baimukhametova ◽  
N. T. Saktaganov ◽  
G. V. Lukmanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Type B ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections are the most common contemporary infectious diseases resulting in prominent harm to human health and great economic damage. At least five groups of viruses including more than 300 subtypes are currently referred to ARVI pathogens. Such infectious agents are characterized by variability resulting in their altered antigenic characteristics, increased contagiousness, "evasion from immune response and resistance to antivirals. Relevance of influenza and other ARVIs is also accounted for by rapid development of bacteria-associated respiratory diseases. Continuous variability of influenza viruses and emergence of new ARVI pathogens pose a serious threat. In recent years, a simultaneous circulation of subtype A (H1N1) and A (H3N2) influenza viruses with a predominance of a pandemic strain as well as type B viruses have been observed. Among the causative agents of non-influenza ARVIs, respiratory syncytial virus, rhino- and adenoviruses, and I/III parainfluenza viruses are recorded most often. Here we present the data of virology and serological examination of clinical samples collected during the 2018 – 2019 epidemic season in the Republic of Kazakhstan. For this, 2794 clinical samples (2530 nasopharyngeal swabs and 264 blood serums) were collected from patients diagnosed with ARVI, ARI, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs for detection of influenza by RT-PCR demonstrated that mixed etiology influenza viruses with predominance of A/H1N1pdm virus circulated in Kazakhstan. The genetic fingerprints of influenza virus were found in 511 swabs (20.20% of total examined samples). Influenza A virus RNA was detected in 508 biological samples: A/H1N1 – in 289, A/H3N2 – in 209, and unidentified virus subtype in 10 samples. Type B influenza virus was detected in 3 samples. Study of 264 serum samples by HAI assay and ELISA showed emergence of antibodies against influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B viruses in residents from various regions of Kazakhstan that indirectly confirmed co-circulation of these viruses. 42 influenza virus strains were isolated in chicken embryos, from which 28 were assigned to A/H1N1pdm virus, 13 to A/H3N2 virus, and one isolate was identified as influenza B virus. Laboratory diagnostics of clinical samples for ARVIs established that among identified non-influenza agents respiratory syncytial virus dominated, while rhinoviruses and adenoviruses were less common. Metapneumoviruses, bocaviruses, coronaviruses, and type I parainfluenza viruses were detected in few cases. Comparison of study data with those obtained after examining circulation of influenza viruses during the 2017 – 2018 epidemic season showed that in 2018 – 2019 in Kazakhstan similar to the previous epidemic season, influenza A and B viruses continued to circulate, with prevalence of A/H1N1pdm virus. Identification of non-influenza viruses causing respiratory infections in 2018 – 2019 showed predominance of respiratory syncytial virus, which correlated with data on the 2017 – 2018 epidemic season.

scholarly journals Experience of Organizational-Preventive Measures in Rostov Region in the Influenza Epidemic Season of 2015 - 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
E. V. Kovalev ◽  
S. S. Slis ◽  
S. A. Nenadskaya ◽  
G. F. Miroshnichenko ◽  
A. V. Krat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Influenza Epidemic ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Consumer Rights ◽  
Organizational Work

The complex of actions is presented carried out by the Local Administration of Russian Federal Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare Supervision Service in the Rostov Region together with the Ministry of Health of the Rostov Region and Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Rostov Region, aimed at the prevention of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections and including: organizational work, results of epidemiological surveillance during interepidemic and epidemic periods with the epidemiological situation assessment, managerial decision-making on the basis of the results obtained, as well as working with reference-centers. The epidemic rise of incidence in the season of 2015 - 2016 was more intensive judging by the majority of characteristics in comparison with the previous period. The main etiological agent of infection was influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09 characterized by the early onset of epidemic rise from mid-January 2016, the lesser engagement of children from 3 to 6 years of age into epidemic process but maximal engagement of schoolchildren aged 7 - 14, by the higher rate of disease development, higher per cent of hospitalized with influenza diagnosis, and maximal number of deceased at the peak of epidemic.

scholarly journals The role of influenza viruses in the development of severe acute respiratory infection in patients admitted to Yekaterinburg hospitals during 2017–2018 epidemic season

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Alimov ◽  
Svetlana S. Smirnova ◽  
Evgenia V. Lelenkova ◽  
Aleksandr Yu. Markaryan ◽  
Ivan V. Vyalykh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

Objective. To study the role of influenza viruses in the development of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in patients admitted to Yekaterinburg hospitals during 2017-2018 epidemic season.Materials and Methods. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of influenza incidence in Yekaterinburg was conducted, 403 influenza and acute respiratory viral infections case sheets were studied, and PCR analysis of clinical samples from the patients for respiratory viral infections was performed.Results. During the epidemic period a total 27.0% of the Yekaterinburg population were reported with influenza and other SARI, with 1.8% patients hospitalized. 5.6% of the total number of patients admitted with influenza and SARI in Yekaterinburg hospitals were included in the study. The rate of the detection of influenza A and B viruses RNA in the clinical samples from the patients with SARI was 28.3%. The rates of the detection in PCR of influenza B/Yamagata, A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) were 46.5, 20.2 and 10.5%, respectively.Conclusion. The study results indicated that influenza viruses remain significant pathogens of respiratory infections that required hospitalization. Among patients with SARI the highest incidence was observed in children of a younger age group and was mainly associated with influenza B virus of Yamagata lineage and influenza A virus (H1N1)pdm09. According to the results of a molecular genetic study, influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses belonged to clade 6B.1, carried characteristic amino acid substitutions in hemagglutinin S84N, S162N (with the acquisition of a potential glycosylation site) and I216T and were similar to the A/Michigan/45/2015 vaccine strain. The influenza B viruses studied belonged to the Yamagata lineage, clade 3. The influenza B/Ekaterinburg /RII-4723S/2018 virus differed from the reference strain B/Phuket/3073/2013 by two amino acid substitutions in the hemagglutinin gene M251V and L172Q.

scholarly journals The pharmacoepidemiological analysis of the influenza pharmacotherapy in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
O. Balitska ◽  
V. Zlahoda ◽  
Yu. Hryhoruk ◽  
O. Cordon
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
State Register ◽  
Trade Names ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Production Company

Influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections (ARIs) are the most common among human diseases that require timely medical attention and treatment with the most effective drugs. The aim of the study is pharmacoepidemiological analysis of drugs for the treatment of influenza registered in Ukraine. Materials and methods of research. The study was based on data from the State Register of Medicines of Ukraine, information on the results of the epidemic season of influenza and acute respiratory infections of the Center for Public Health of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, declared drugs under the International Nonproprietary or Common Name in Ukraine as of January 2021.  Methods: retrospective, descriptive and frequency analyzes. Results and discussion. A pharmacoepidemiological analysis of influenza drugs in Ukraine was conducted. It was found that the incidence of influenza and SARS during the study period decreased by 3.1% of the total population. Fatalities due to influenza and SARS increased by 41 cases during the study period, which may be related to the coronavirus pandemic. According to the results of a marketing study of antiviral drugs, it was found that the largest share in the structure of registered trade names are interferons (11 trade names). Conclusions. The analysis of the market showed that among the antiviral drugs registered in Ukraine for the studied period the dominance of domestic drugs is noted - 54% (respectively of foreign origin - 46%). Analysis of the distribution of domestic analogues of antiviral drugs by manufacturers found that the largest (5 and 4 TN) belongs to LLC "Research and production company" Interpharmbiotek and FZ "Biopharma" Ltd., Ukraine, Bila Tserkva. Key words: influenza; pharmacoepidemiological analysis; antiviral drugs

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during the flu season: efficacy and real needs

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
A.V. Kuzmin ◽  
◽  
N.V. Belyaeva ◽  
V.S. Gandybin ◽  
A.S. Malinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Artificial Ventilation ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objective. To assess the incidence of influenza in the epidemic season 2018/19 and to analyze severe cases that required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Patients and methods. A total of 5,939 patients diagnosed with influenza and acute respiratory viral infections (ARVIs) were treated in S.P.Botkin Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases of Saint Petersburg in 2018–2019. The highest incidence was observed in the late January – early February. We tested 2,527 patients (42,5%) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR); of them, 1,014 patients (40,1%) were PCR positive for influenza. The vast majority of them (99.3%) were infected with influenza A. One hundred and thirty patients required treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) (2.2%; 95% CI 1.8%; 2.6%). Results. Severe forms of the disease were primarily caused by influenza H1N1. Respiratory failure was treated by oxygen therapy in 81.7% of patients, artificial ventilation in 15.3% of patients, and ECMO in 3 patients (2.9%; 95% CI 0.6%; 8.5%). Conclusion. Approximately 0.01% to 1.6% of patients admitted to a hospital for infectious diseases with influenza or ARVI during the epidemic season require ECMO. Key words: influenza, respiratory failure, incidence, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document