Use of Chitosan as a Bioactive Implant Coating for Bone-Implant Applications

2011 ◽  
pp. 129-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan R. Leedy ◽  
Holly J. Martin ◽  
P. Andrew Norowski ◽  
J. Amber Jennings ◽  
Warren O. Haggard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Coating

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response to 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 1569 ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Symeonidou ◽  
Rose L Spear ◽  
Roger A Brooks ◽  
Athina E Markaki
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Coating ◽  
Bone Anchorage

ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is to improve bone-implant bonding. This can, potentially, be achieved through the use of an implant coating composed of fibre networks. It is hypothesised that such an implant can achieve strong peri-prosthetic bone anchorage, when seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The materials employed were 444 and 316L stainless steel fibre networks of the same fibre volume fraction. The present work confirms that hMSCs are able to proliferate and differentiate towards the osteogenic lineage when seeded onto the fibre networks. Cellular viability, proliferation and metabolic activity were assessed and the results suggest higher proliferation rates when hMSC are seeded onto the 444 networks as compared to 316L. Cell distribution was found uniform across the seeded surfaces with 444 showing a somewhat higher infiltration depth.

scholarly journals Water Structure, Dynamics and Ion Adsorption at the Aqueous {010} Brushite Surface

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Garcia ◽  
Paolo Raiteri ◽  
Elias Vlieg ◽  
Julian Gale
Keyword(s):  
First Principles ◽  
Water Structure ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution Interface ◽  
Aqueous Environments ◽  
Implant Coating

Understanding the growth processes of calcium phosphate minerals in aqueous environments has implications for both health and geology. Brushite, in particular, is a component of certain kidney stones and is used as a bone implant coating. Understanding the water–brushite interface at the molecular scale will help inform the control of its growth. Liquid-ordering and the rates of water exchange at the brushite–solution interface have been examined through the use of molecular dynamics simulation and the results compared to surface X-ray diffraction data. This comparison highlights discrepancies between the two sets of results, regardless of whether force field or first principles methods are used in the simulations, or the extent of water coverage. In order to probe other possible reasons for this difference, the free energies for the adsorption of several ions on brushite were computed. Given the exothermic nature found in some cases, it is possible that the discrepancy in the surface electron density may be caused by adsorption of excess ions.

scholarly journals Prevention the formation of biofilm on orthopedic implants by melittin thin layer on chitosan/bioactive glass/vancomycin coatings

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Zarghami ◽  
Mohammad Ghorbani ◽  
Kamran Pooshang Bagheri ◽  
Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Implant Coating ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Titanium Substrates

AbstractMethicillin-resistant and Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (MRSA and VRSA, respectively) can seriously jeopardizes bone implants. This research aimed to examine the potential synergistic effects of Melittin and vancomycin in preventing MRSA and VRSA associated bone implant infections. Chitosan/bioactive glass nanoparticles/vancomycin composites were coated on hydrothermally etched titanium substrates by casting method. The composite coatings were coated by Melittin through drop casting technique. Melittin raised the proliferation of MC3T3 cells, making it an appropriate option as osteoinductive and antibacterial substance in coatings of orthopedic implants. Composite coatings having combined vancomycin and Melittin eliminated both planktonic and adherent MRSA and VRSA bacteria, whereas coatings containing one of them failed to kill the whole VRSA bacteria. Therefore, chitosan/bioactive glass/vancomycin/Melittin coating can be used as a bone implant coating because of its anti-infective properties.

Formation of highly adherent nano-porous alumina on Ti-based substrates: a novel bone implant coating

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1021-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Briggs ◽  
A. R. Walpole ◽  
P. R. Wilshaw ◽  
M. Karlsson ◽  
E. Pålsgård
Keyword(s):  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Coating

scholarly journals Novel Implant Coating Agent Promotes Gene Expression of Osteogenic Markers in Rats during Early Osseointegration

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Bougas ◽  
Ryo Jimbo ◽  
Ying Xue ◽  
Kamal Mustafa ◽  
Ann Wennerberg
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cathepsin K ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Type I ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Coating Agent ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Osteogenic Markers ◽  
Implant Coating ◽  
Laminin 1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the early bone response around laminin-1-coated titanium implants. Forty-five rats distributed in three equally sized groups were provided with one control (turned) and one test (laminin-1-coated) implant and were sacrificed after 3, 7, and 21 days. Real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed for osteoblast markers (alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, type I collagen, and bone morphogenic protein 2), osteoclast markers (cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase), inflammation markers (tumor necrosis factorα, interleukin 1βand interleukin 10), and integrinβ1. Bone implant contact (BIC) and bone area (BA) were assessed and compared to the gene expression. After 3 days, the expression of bone markers was higher for the control group. After 7 days, the expression of integrinβ1 and osteogenic markers was enhanced for the test group, while cathepsin K and inflammation markers were down-regulated. No significant differences in BIC or BA were detected between test and control at any time point. As a conclusion, implant coating with laminin-1 altered gene expression in the bone-implant interface. However, traditional evaluation methods, as histomorphometry, were not adequately sensitive to detect such changes due to the short follow-up time.

Factors influencing adhesive bonding at the bone/implant interface

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1114-1115
Author(s):  
Julie A. Martini ◽  
Robert H. Doremus
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Lr White ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tracy and Doremus have demonstrated chemical bonding between bone and hydroxylapatite with transmission electron microscopy. Now researchers ponder how to improve upon this bond in turn improving the life expectancy and biocompatibility of implantable orthopedic devices.This report focuses on a study of the- chemical influences on the interfacial integrity and strength. Pure hydroxylapatite (HAP), magnesium doped HAP, strontium doped HAP, bioglass and medical grade titanium cylinders were implanted into the tibial cortices of New Zealand white rabbits. After 12 weeks, the implants were retrieved for a scanning electron microscopy study coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy.Following sacrifice and careful retrieval, the samples were dehydrated through a graduated series starting with 50% ethanol and continuing through 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, and 100% ethanol over a period of two days. The samples were embedded in LR White. Again a graduated series was used with solutions of 50, 75 and 100% LR White diluted in ethanol.

Drug Delivery Systems Based on Titania Nanotubes and Active Agents for Enhanced Osseointegration of Bone Implants

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 854-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raluca Ion ◽  
Madalina Georgiana Necula ◽  
Anca Mazare ◽  
Valentina Mitran ◽  
Patricia Neacsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bioactive Agents ◽  
Localized Drug Delivery ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone

TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) are attractive nanostructures for localized drug delivery. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility and physicochemical properties, numerous functionalizations of TNTs have been attempted for their use as therapeutic agent delivery platforms. In this review, we discuss the current advances in the applications of TNT-based delivery systems with an emphasis on the various functionalizations of TNTs for enhancing osteogenesis at the bone-implant interface and for preventing implant-related infection. Innovation of therapies for enhancing osteogenesis still represents a critical challenge in regeneration of bone defects. The overall concept focuses on the use of osteoconductive materials in combination with the use of osteoinductive or osteopromotive factors. In this context, we highlight the strategies for improving the functionality of TNTs, using five classes of bioactive agents: growth factors (GFs), statins, plant derived molecules, inorganic therapeutic ions/nanoparticles (NPs) and antimicrobial compounds.

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