The Role of Situation Awareness in Assuring Safety of Autonomous Vehicles

2006 ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Wardziński
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles

A brain-based adaptive automation system and situation awareness: The role of complacency potential

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan R. Bailey ◽  
Mark W. Scerbo ◽  
Frederick G. Freeman ◽  
Peter J. Mikulka ◽  
Lorissa A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Adaptive Automation

The role of brand in overcoming consumer resistance to autonomous vehicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riza Casidy ◽  
Marius Claudy ◽  
Sven Heidenreich ◽  
Efe Camurdan
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Consumer Resistance

On the Role of Futuristic Technologies in Securing UAV-Supported Autonomous Vehicles

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Moayad Aloqaily ◽  
Rasheed Hussain ◽  
Deena Khalaf ◽  
Dana Hani ◽  
Alma Oracevic
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles

The Changing Global Landscape With Emerging Technologies and Their Implications for Smart Societies

2021 ◽  
pp. 402-423
Author(s):  
Patrice Seuwou ◽  
Vincent F. Adegoke
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
The World ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Mass Surveillance

The opportunities offered by digital technology are enormous. The global social and economic system is being reconfigured at an incredible rate. Connectivity is increasingly reshaping our world and redefining the way we interact with our environment. The rise of digital technologies is transforming almost every aspect of modern life. More and more of our interactions are mediated by machines. Along with the rapid evolution comes the risks, threats, and vulnerabilities in the system for those who plan to exploit it. In this chapter, firstly, the authors explore the role of 5G, big data, the internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous vehicles (AV), and cloud computing play in the context of smart societies; secondly, they analyse how the synergy between these technologies will be used by governments and other stakeholders around the world to improve the safety of citizens albeit increasingly relinquishing privacy rights and encouraging mass surveillance at the expense of liberty.

scholarly journals Driver Take-Over Reaction in Autonomous Vehicles with Rotatable Seats

Safety ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Shi Cao ◽  
Pinyan Tang ◽  
Xu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Maximum Magnitude ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Driving Conditions

A new concept in the interior design of autonomous vehicles is rotatable or swivelling seats that allow people sitting in the front row to rotate their seats and face backwards. In the current study, we used a take-over request task conducted in a fixed-based driving simulator to compare two conditions, driver front-facing and rear-facing. Thirty-six adult drivers participated in the experiment using a within-subject design with take-over time budget varied. Take-over reaction time, remaining action time, crash, situation awareness and trust in automation were measured. Repeated measures ANOVA and Generalized Linear Mixed Model were conducted to analyze the results. The results showed that the rear-facing configuration led to longer take-over reaction time (on average 1.56 s longer than front-facing, p < 0.001), but it caused drivers to intervene faster after they turned back their seat in comparison to the traditional front-facing configuration. Situation awareness in both front-facing and rear-facing autonomous driving conditions were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than the manual driving condition, but there was no significant difference between the two autonomous driving conditions (p = 1.000). There was no significant difference of automation trust between front-facing and rear-facing conditions (p = 0.166). The current study showed that in a fixed-based simulator representing a conditionally autonomous car, when using the rear-facing driver seat configuration (where participants rotated the seat by themselves), participants had longer take-over reaction time overall due to physical turning, but they intervened faster after they turned back their seat for take-over response in comparison to the traditional front-facing seat configuration. This behavioral change might be at the cost of reduced take-over response quality. Crash rate was not significantly different in the current laboratory study (overall the average rate of crash was 11%). A limitation of the current study is that the driving simulator does not support other measures of take-over request (TOR) quality such as minimal time to collision and maximum magnitude of acceleration. Based on the current study, future studies are needed to further examine the effect of rotatable seat configurations with more detailed analysis of both TOR speed and quality measures as well as in real world driving conditions for better understanding of their safety implications.

A Comparison of Observer and Incumbent Ratings of Situation Awareness

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Matthews ◽  
Silas G. Martinez ◽  
Jarle Eid ◽  
Bjorn Helge Johnsen ◽  
Ole Christian Boe
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Small Unit ◽  
Behavioral Rating ◽  
Training Exercises

The Situation Awareness Behavioral Rating Scale (SABARS) utilizes ratings by expert observer/controllers (O/Cs) to evaluate situation awareness (SA) of infantry small unit leaders. Previous research (Matthews et al., 2004) showed SABARS to be predictive of a variety of performance measures. The current study explored the question of whether small unit leaders could use SABARS to accurately rate their own behavior as an index of their SA. To evaluate this question, 12 Norwegian Army and Navy Academy cadets participating in the role of squad leader during summer training exercises were given the SABARS to complete following an infantry mission. An experienced officer O/C observed the cadets though the execution of the mission and also provided SABARS ratings on the squad leader. Results indicated that “self-SABARS” evaluations did not correlate with SABARS completed by O/C's, and were not predictive of performance criteria. O/C-completed SABARS were, however, predictive of performance criteria thus replicating findings reported previously (Matthews et al., 2004). Implications for assessing SA in the field are discussed.

EUREC4A: First Impressions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjorn Stevens ◽  
Sandrine Bony ◽  
David Farrell ◽  
Alan Blyth ◽  
Chris Fairall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
First Impressions ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Research Aircraft ◽  
Radiative Feedbacks ◽  
Aerosol Cloud Interactions

&lt;p&gt;The EUREC&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;A field campaign took place during January and February 2020, in the lower trades of the northern tropical Atlantic, over and in the seas windward of Barbados. &amp;#160;The initial purpose of the&amp;#160;campaign was to test hypothesized cloud responses underpinning large&amp;#160;positive radiative feedbacks from the desiccation of marine shallow&amp;#160;convection with warming. To do so EUREC&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;A built on a long-standing cooperation with the Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology to collect long-term cloud observations. Its scope was subsequently expanded by the addition of many partners, with funding from a variety of additional EU and UK projects, and US participants through ATOMIC, to address many&amp;#160;additional questions. These ranged from the role of fine-scale eddies and fronts on air-sea&amp;#160;coupling, to the effects of meso-scale organization on cloud radiative&amp;#160;effects, to the strength of aerosol cloud interactions, among others. Hundreds of scientists from nearly a dozen nations -- incorporating measurements from four large Research Vessels and five Research Aircraft, an advanced remote sensing ground station and a large&amp;#160;number of autonomous vehicles in the air and sea -- combined their expertise&amp;#160;&amp;#160;to develop an unusually comprehensive picture of the processes relevant to the lower atmosphere and the upper ocean in the lower trades. We&amp;#160;share our first impressions from EUREC&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;A, its surprises, and its prospects&amp;#160;for answering some of the riddles that motivated this tremendous and coordinated effort.&lt;/p&gt;

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