Effects of Relatively Low Levels of Mono-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate on Cocultured Sertoli Cells and Gonocytes from Neonatal Rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Hong Li ◽  
William F. Jester ◽  
Joanne M. Orth
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

scholarly journals Increases in apoptosis and declines in Bcl-XL protein characterise testicular regression in American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos)

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luwanda K. Jenkins ◽  
Wallace L. Ross ◽  
Kelly A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Corvus Brachyrhynchos ◽  
Testicular Regression ◽  
American Crows ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Testis Mass

The present study investigated the cellular changes observed during testicular regression in American crows. Testes from adults caught during the early (March), progressing (April), peak (early May), transitional (late May), and post- (June) breeding season were examined. Apoptosis was assessed by in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL) and Bcl-XL protein immunolabelling. Testis mass increased two-fold from March to early May (P < 0.05), then declined 19-fold by June (P < 0.001) without corresponding changes in body mass (P > 0.05). Testicular activity, evaluated using a spermatogenic index, increased nearly two-fold from March to early May and declined nine-fold in June (P < 0.001). Seminiferous tubule diameter declined four-fold in June compared with earlier months (P < 0.001). In all testes, TUNEL-positive germ cells were detected at low levels, with the highest levels observed in late May (P < 0.001). In contrast, TUNEL-positive Sertoli cells were maintained at low levels in March–April and increased nine-fold in early May (P < 0.001). The Bcl-XL immunostaining was detected in Sertoli cells in March–early May; however, staining was most intense in March–April and substantially weaker by early May. These data suggest that the seasonal rise in testicular competence occurs slowly in American crows; however, testis function is terminated rapidly after the breeding season. Furthermore, it is likely that Sertoli cell apoptosis followed by massive germ cell loss is responsible for the rapid reduction in testis mass.

A rapid method for monitoring low levels of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in solutions

The Analyst ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 100 (1197) ◽  
pp. 857 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Weisenberg ◽  
Y. Schoenberg ◽  
N. Ayalon
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Method ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

scholarly journals Only a small population of adult Sertoli cells actively proliferates in culture

Reproduction ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Yu Kulibin ◽  
Ekaterina A Malolina
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Two Populations

Adult mammalian Sertoli cells (SCs) have been considered to be quiescent terminal differentiated cells for many years, but recently, proliferation of adult SCs was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. We further examined mouse SC behavior in culture and found that there are two populations of adult SCs. The first population is SCs from seminiferous tubules that hardly proliferate in vitro. The second population is small and consists of SCs with atypical nuclear morphology from the terminal segments of seminiferous tubules, a transitional zone (TZ). TZ SCs multiply in culture and form colonies, display mixture of mature and immature SC characteristics, and generate cord-like structures in a collagen matrix. The specific features of TZ SCs are ACTA2 expression in vitro and DMRT1 low levels in vivo and in vitro. Although the in vivo function of TZ SCs still remains unclear, this finding has significant implications for our understanding of SC differentiation and functioning in adult mammals.

scholarly journals Testicular development involves the spatiotemporal control of PDGFs and PDGF receptors gene expression and action.

1995 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 1105-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gnessi ◽  
A Emidi ◽  
E A Jannini ◽  
E Carosa ◽  
M Maroder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Spatiotemporal Control ◽  
Pdgf Isoforms ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) are growth-regulatory molecules that stimulate chemotaxis, proliferation and metabolism primarily of cells of mesenchymal origin. In this study, we found high levels of PDGFs and PDGFs receptors (PDGFRs) mRNAs, and specific immunostaining for the corresponding proteins in the rat testis. PDGFs and PDGFRs expression was shown to be developmentally regulated and tissue specific. Expression of PDGFs and PDGFRs genes was observed in whole testis RNA 2 d before birth, increased through postnatal day 5 and fell to low levels in adult. The predominant cell population expressing transcripts of the PDGFs and PDGFRs genes during prenatal and early postnatal periods were Sertoli cells and peritubular myoid cells (PMC) or their precursors, respectively, while in adult animals PDGFs and PDGFRs were confined in Leydig cells. We also found that early postnatal Sertoli cells produce PDGF-like substances and that this production is inhibited dose dependently by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The expression of PDGFRs by PMC and of PDGFs by Sertoli cells corresponds in temporal sequence to the developmental period of PMC proliferation and migration from the interstitium to the peritubulum. Moreover, we observed that all the PDGF isoforms and the medium conditioned by early postnatal Sertoli cells show a strong chemotactic activity for PMC which is inhibited by anti-PDGF antibodies. These data indicate that, through the spatiotemporal pattern of PDGF ligands and receptors expression, PDGF may play a role in testicular development and homeostasis.

The effect of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and other phthalate esters on lactate production by Sertoli cells in vitro

1988 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Moss ◽  
Melvyn W. Cook ◽  
Lucy V. Thomas ◽  
Tim J.B. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

scholarly journals Low Levels of Gαs and Ric8b in Testicular Sertoli Cells May Underlie Restricted FSH Action During Infancy in Primates

Endocrinology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 1143-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrashis Bhattacharya ◽  
Sayon Basu ◽  
Kanchan Sarda ◽  
Mukkesh Gautam ◽  
Perumal Nagarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Camp Production ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Neurotropic Factor ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Androgen Binding

Abstract FSH acts via testicular Sertoli cells (Sc) bearing FSH receptor (FSH-R) for regulating male fertility. Despite an adult-like FSH milieu in infant boys and monkeys, spermatogenesis is not initiated until the onset of puberty. We used infant and pubertal monkey Sc to reveal the molecular basis underlying developmental differences of FSH-R signaling in them. Unlike pubertal Sc, increasing doses of FSH failed to augment cAMP production by infant Sc. The expression of Gαs subunit and Ric8b, which collectively activate adenylyl cyclase (AC) for augmenting cAMP production and gene transcription, were significantly low in infant Sc. However, forskolin, which acts directly on AC bypassing FSH-R, augmented cAMP production and gene transcription uniformly in both infant and pubertal Sc. FSH-induced Gαs mRNA expression was higher in pubertal Sc. However, Gαi-2 expression was down-regulated by FSH in pubertal Sc, unlike infant Sc. FSH failed, but forskolin or 8-Bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate treatment to infant Sc significantly augmented the expression of transferrin, androgen binding protein, inhibin-β-B, stem cell factor, and glial-derived neurotropic factor, which are usually up-regulated by FSH in pubertal Sc during spermatogenic onset. This suggested that lack of FSH mediated down-regulation of Gαi-2 expression and limited expression of Gαs subunit as well as Ric8b may underlie limited FSH responsiveness of Sc during infancy. This study also divulged that intracellular signaling events downstream of FSH-R are in place and can be activated exogenously in infant Sc. Additionally, this information may help in the proper diagnosis and treatment of infertile individuals having abnormal G protein-coupled FSH-R.

2005 MONO-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE DECREASES CLAUDIN-11 AND OCCLUDIN IN RAT SERTOLI CELLS

2011 ◽  
Vol 185 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Chiba ◽  
Yutaka Kondo ◽  
Fuping Li ◽  
Makoto Ando ◽  
Kohei Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

scholarly journals Disappearance of Vimentin in Sertoli Cells: A Mono(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Effect

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tat Wei Tay ◽  
Bibin Bintang Andriana ◽  
Maki Ishii ◽  
Naoki Tsunekawa ◽  
Yoshiakira Kanai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Gradual Disappearance ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

The effects of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) on 21-day-old C57Bl/6N mice and their Sertoli cell cultures were studied. Mice were given a single dose of 800 mg/kg MEHP by oral gavage and sacrificed 24 h later. At the same time, testes were harvested from another batch of mice for Sertoli cell cultures. Cultures were subsequently exposed to 0, 1, and 100 nmol/ml MEHP for 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. An antivimentin antibody was used to detect intermediate filament changes in Sertoli cells. Meanwhile, detection of preapoptotic signals and presence of apoptotic cells were done using annexin V–FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) and TUNEL (deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) analyses, respectively. In vivo results showed a correlation between the increase in TUNEL-positive cells and the vimentin disruption in treated mice. Toluidine blue staining of the Sertoli cell cultures showed the increased number and size of vacuoles in Sertoli cell cytoplasm. Vimentin immunohistochemistry showed gradual disappearance of vimentin in Sertoli cell cultures as time and dose increased. Some Sertoli cells were found to be annexin V–FITC positive, but no TUNEL-positive cells were found. Taken together, these results show that the appearance of vacuoles and the vimentin disappearance caused by MEHP in the Sertoli cells are related with each other and can be observed in relation to time. This can be used as an indicator of the loss of mechanical support for spermatogenic cells, which in the end causes apoptosis of spermatogenic cells.

scholarly journals Low retinoic acid levels mediate regionalization of the Sertoli valve in the terminal segment of mouse seminiferous tubules

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasane Imura-Kishi ◽  
Aya Uchida ◽  
Naoki Tsunekawa ◽  
Hitomi Suzuki ◽  
Hinako M. Takase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Terminal Segment ◽  
Rete Testis ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Cell Ablation ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Replacement Experiment

AbstractIn mammalian testes, undifferentiated spermatogonia (Aundiff) undergo differentiation in response to retinoic acid (RA), while their progenitor states are partially maintained by fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). Sertoli valve (SV) is a region located at the terminal end of seminiferous tubule (ST) adjacent to the rete testis (RT), where the high density of Aundiff is constitutively maintained with the absence of active spermatogenesis. However, the molecular and cellular characteristics of SV epithelia still remain unclear. In this study, we first identified the region-specific AKT phosphorylation in the SV Sertoli cells and demonstrated non-cell autonomous specialization of Sertoli cells in the SV region by performing a Sertoli cell ablation/replacement experiment. The expression of Fgf9 was detected in the RT epithelia, while the exogenous administration of FGF9 caused ectopic AKT phosphorylation in the Sertoli cells of convoluted ST. Furthermore, we revealed the SV region-specific expression of Cyp26a1, which encodes an RA-degrading enzyme, and demonstrated that the increased RA levels in the SV region disrupt its pool of Aundiff by inducing their differentiation. Taken together, RT-derived FGFs and low levels of RA signaling contribute to the non-cell-autonomous regionalization of the SV epithelia and its local maintenance of Aundiff in the SV region.

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