Unobserved Family Effects on the Risk of a First Premarital Birth

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Family Effects ◽  
Premarital Birth

Growing Up in a Lesbian Family: Effects on Child Development

1998 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. D'Augelli ◽  
Fiona L. Tasker ◽  
Susan Golombok
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Family Effects ◽  
Lesbian Family

scholarly journals Comparing within- and between-family polygenic score prediction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Selzam ◽  
Stuart J. Ritchie ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Pingault ◽  
Chandra A. Reynolds ◽  
Paul F. O’Reilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Population Stratification ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Polygenic Score ◽  
Family Effects ◽  
Polygenic Scores ◽  
Cognitive Traits

AbstractPolygenic scores are a popular tool for prediction of complex traits. However, prediction estimates in samples of unrelated participants can include effects of population stratification, assortative mating and environmentally mediated parental genetic effects, a form of genotype-environment correlation (rGE). Comparing genome-wide polygenic score (GPS) predictions in unrelated individuals with predictions between siblings in a within-family design is a powerful approach to identify these different sources of prediction. Here, we compared within- to between-family GPS predictions of eight life outcomes (anthropometric, cognitive, personality and health) for eight corresponding GPSs. The outcomes were assessed in up to 2,366 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study from age 12 to age 21. To account for family clustering, we used mixed-effects modelling, simultaneously estimating within- and between-family effects for target- and cross-trait GPS prediction of the outcomes. There were three main findings: (1) DZ twin GPS differences predicted DZ differences in height, BMI, intelligence, educational achievement and ADHD symptoms; (2) target and cross-trait analyses indicated that GPS prediction estimates for cognitive traits (intelligence and educational achievement) were on average 60% greater between families than within families, but this was not the case for non-cognitive traits; and (3) this within- and between-family difference for cognitive traits disappeared after controlling for family socio-economic status (SES), suggesting that SES is a source of between-family prediction through rGE mechanisms. These results provide novel insights into the patterns by which rGE contributes to GPS prediction, while ruling out confounding due to population stratification and assortative mating.

Developmental and Family Effects of Autism

1990 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Andrew Levitas
Keyword(s):  
Family Effects

Parental Incarceration’s Effect on Family: Effects on Mothers, Fathers, Marriage, Children, and Socioeconomic Status

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Hardy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parental Incarceration ◽  
Incarcerated Mothers ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Family Effects ◽  
Child Relationship

The objective of this paper is to provide a qualitative analysis of the effects incarceration has on family members. Incarceration affects a very large number of families in the United States and Canada, especially since the mass incarceration between the 1970s and 2000s that occurred in the United States. Incarceration was found to have both negative effects on incarcerated mothers and fathers, and it was found to increase the risk of divorce. Children were also affected by parental incarceration by raising their risks of developing mental illness, engaging in delinquent behaviour, having negative social experiences and damaging their parent-child relationship. Moreover, parental incarceration had little to no effect on a child’s academic performance and it displayed the child’s resiliency. Lastly, incarceration had negative effects on a family’s socioeconomic status and it increased the risk of second-generation offenders.

Out of Sequence: The Timing of Marriage Following a Premarital Birth

Social Forces ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay D. Teachman ◽  
Karen A. Polonko
Keyword(s):  
Premarital Birth

Work–family effects of LMX: the moderating role of work–home segmentation preferences

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liao ◽  
Ziwei Yang ◽  
Minmin Wang ◽  
Ho Kwong Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Family Effects ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Moderating Role

Family Structure and the Risk of a Premarital Birth

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence L. Wu ◽  
Brian C. Martinson
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Premarital Birth
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