The Toxicological Effects Following the Ingestion of Chinook Salmon from the Great Lakes by Sprague–Dawley Rats during a Two-Generation Feeding-Reproduction Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. S18-S27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Arnold ◽  
Fred Bryce ◽  
Doris Miller ◽  
Robert Stapley ◽  
Stephen Malcolm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Reproduction Study

scholarly journals Biochemical and toxicological effects of methanolic extract of Asparagus africanus Lam in Sprague-Dawley rats

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9138
Author(s):  
Abubakar El-Ishaq ◽  
Mohammed A. Alshawsh ◽  
Kein Seong Mun ◽  
Zamri Chik
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Histopathology Result ◽  
Scanty Information

Asparagus africanus Lam. is a plant used traditionally to treat different ailments. Currently, scanty information is available on its safety. The aim of this study is to determine the acute toxicity of the methanolic extract on vital organs and its associated biochemical parameters. Fifteen female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups. Group I served as normal control, groups II, III, IV, and V were orally administered single dose of crude extract dissolved in distilled water at 5 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, 300 mg/kg BW and 2,000 mg/kg BW. Rats were observed for 14 days and body weights were recorded. On day 15, the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for biochemical and haematological analyses, while the liver and kidneys were sampled for histopathological examination. Body weight and haematology parameters results showed significance difference (p < 0.05) among means of HGB, RDW, RBC, and MCHC; likewise, (p < 0.001) for WBC and platelet among treated groups. Histopathology result showed that kidneys appeared normal while livers were congested with mildly swollen hepatocytes and occasional binucleation. Focal lobular hepatitis was observed in all treated animals. However, hepatic enzymes were not significantly affected and no histopathological harmful effects were observed in kidney. In conclusion, methanolic extracts of A. africanus are safe up to 2,000 mg/kg BW. The obtained results could be used as a justification for the traditional application of the plant for treatment of various ailments.

scholarly journals The Customizable E-cigarette Resistance Influences Toxicological Outcomes: Lung Degeneration, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress-Induced in a Rat Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Cirillo ◽  
Fabio Vivarelli ◽  
Eleonora Turrini ◽  
Carmela Fimognari ◽  
Sabrina Burattini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Abstract Despite the knowledge gap regarding the risk-benefit ratio of the electronic cigarette (e-cig), its use has grown exponentially, even in teenagers. E-cig vapor contains carcinogenic compounds (eg, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein) and free radicals, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause toxicological effects, including DNA damage. The role of e-cig voltage customization on molecule generation has been reported, but the effects of the resistance on e-cig emissions and toxicity are unknown. Here, we show that the manipulation of e-cig resistance influences the carbonyls production from nonnicotine vapor and the oxidative and inflammatory status in a rat model. Fixing the voltage at the conventional 3.5 V, we observed that the amount of the selected aldehydes increased as the resistance decreased from 1.5 to 0.25 Ω. Under these conditions, we exposed Sprague Dawley rats to e-cig aerosol for 28 days, and we studied the pulmonary inflammation, oxidative stress, tissue damage, and blood homeostasis. We found a perturbation of the antioxidant and phase II enzymes, probably related to the increased ROS levels due to the enhanced xanthine oxidase and P450-linked monooxygenases. Furthermore, frames from scanning electron microscope showed a disorganization of alveolar and bronchial epithelium in 0.25 Ω group. Overall, various toxicological outcomes, widely recognized as smoke-related injuries, can potentially occur in e-cig consumers who use low-voltage and resistance device. Our study suggests that certain “tips for vaping safety” cannot be established, and encourages further independent investigations to help public health agencies in regulating the e-cig use.

Dietary two-generation reproduction study of thiabendazole in Sprague-Dawley rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.D. Wise ◽  
M.E. Cartwright ◽  
C.L. Seider ◽  
L.A. Sachuk ◽  
G.R. Lankas
Keyword(s):  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Reproduction Study

Single-generation drinking water reproduction study of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane in Sprague-Dawley rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Johnston ◽  
D. C. Mensik ◽  
H. W. Taylor ◽  
G. C. Jersey ◽  
F. K. Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Single Generation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Reproduction Study

Toxicological effects of carbosulfan in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1335-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Didigwu Nwani ◽  
Narottam Das Agrawal ◽  
Suchita Raghuvanshi ◽  
Amita Jaswal ◽  
Sadhana Shrivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
The Impact

Carbosulfan is often used in agriculture for pest control on crops and for treatment against pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes. This study investigated the impact of carbosulfan on oxidative stress markers, antioxidant defense, hematological, biochemical, and enzymological parameters in Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were orally administered carbosulfan doses of 1.02 to 10.20 mg/kg body weight daily; after 96 h, blood samples were taken, and the liver, kidney, and brain were dissected out for study. Results indicate that carbosulfan significantly increased the levels of lipid peroxidation and suppressed the activity of reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, catalase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and adenosine triphosphatase. A mixed trend was observed in the activity of superoxide dismutase, while an increase was observed in the levels of serum uric acid, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. Hemoglobin and albumin levels decreased but no significant differences were observed in creatinine and bilirubin levels. Future studies should include a more detailed analysis of the effects of chronic carbosulfan exposure on these biomarkers to further assess the impact of the pesticide on mammalian models.

A two-generation oral gavage reproduction study with potassium perfluorobutanesulfonate (K+PFBS) in Sprague Dawley rats

Toxicology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 259 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Lieder ◽  
Raymond G. York ◽  
Daniel C. Hakes ◽  
Shu-Ching Chang ◽  
John L. Butenhoff
Keyword(s):  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Reproduction Study

A three generation reproduction study with Sprague–Dawley rats consuming high-amylose transgenic rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Hua Zhou ◽  
Ying Dong ◽  
Yan Sheng Zhao ◽  
Xiang Xiao ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Rice ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Reproduction Study ◽  
High Amylose

Subchronic Toxicity and Developmental Toxicity Studies in Rats With Aquateric® Aqueous Enteric Coating

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois A. Kotkoskie ◽  
Christine Freeman ◽  
Mark A. Palmieri
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Enteric Coating ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Studies were conducted to evaluate the subchronic and developmental toxicity of Aquateric® Aqueous Enteric Coating. Homogeneity and stability studies were conducted over a range of 5,000 to 50,000 ppm Aquateric in the diet. In the subchronic study, groups of Sprague-Dawley rats (20/sex/group) received 0 (control), 5,000, 25,000, or 50,000 ppm Aquateric in the diet for 90 consecutive days. No mortality, clinical signs of toxicity or adverse toxicological effects on hematology or serum chemistry parameters, body weights, feed consumption, ophthalmological examinations, or histological evaluation of tissues were noted in any treatment group. In the developmental toxicity study, groups of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (25/group) received 0 (control), 5,000, 25,000 or 50,000 ppm Aquateric in the diet on gestational days 6-15. No evidence of maternal toxicity or fetotoxicity or embryotoxicity was noted. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) exceeds 50,000 ppm in the diet, which represents a dose range of approximately 3600 to 4100 mg/kg/day. The results of these studies demonstrate the low toxicity of Aquateric. The estimated human intake is approximately 4 mg/kg/day. Based on the NOAEL from the subchronic study of 3604 mg/kg/day, the margin of safety is 900.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document