A 12,000-Year Pollen Record from Lake Maliq, Albania

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Denèfle ◽  
Anne-Marie Lézine ◽  
Eric Fouache ◽  
Jean-Jacques Dufaure
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Forest Flora ◽  
New Information ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glacial Time

Pollen data from Lake Maliq, the first from Albania, contribute new information to the discussion of the vegetational, hydrological, and climatological history of the Balkans since 12,000 yr B.P. During late-glacial time, a perennial lake expanded at Maliq. It was surrounded by a complex vegetation association composed of steppe and mixed forest elements. The highly diverse forest flora suggest that late-glacial forest refugia were more developed here at middle altitude, rather than at higher altitude as previously suggested. The forest developed after 9800 yr B.P., while the water level remained high in the Korçë basin until 5000 yr B.P. Different environmental conditions, characterized by lower available moisture and warmer winters, progressively took place after this date. Human activity in the Korçë basin ca. 4500 yr B.P. was coeval with conditions characterized by an increase in winter temperatures and a decrease in summer moisture.

scholarly journals XIX.—The Bone-Cave in the Valley of Allt nan Uamh (Burn of the Caves), near Inchnadamff, Assynt, Sutherlandshire

1918 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 327-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Peach ◽  
J. Horne ◽  
E. T. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Early History ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Collateral Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glacial Time

A characteristic feature of the plateau of Cambrian Limestone in the neighbourhood of Inchnadamff is the occurrence in it of swallow-holes, caves, and subterranean channels which are intimately associated with the geological history of the region. The valley of Allt nan Uamh (Burn of the Caves), locally known as the Coldstream Burn, furnishes striking examples of these phenomena. One of the caves in this valley yielded an interesting succession of deposits, from which were collected abundant remains of mammals and birds. The discovery of bones of the Northern Lynx, the Arctic Lemming, and the Northern Vole among these relics, and the collateral evidence of the materials forming some of these layers, seem to link the early history of this bone-cave with late glacial time, or at least with a period before the final disappearance of local glaciers in that region.

Late Pleistocene and early Holocene environmental history of southwestern Washington State, U.S.A.

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy W. Barnosky
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Cascade Range ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Olympic Mountains ◽  
Tundra Vegetation ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glacial Time

A comparison of pollen records and associated plant remains from sites along a major precipitation gradient in southwestern Washington enables reconstruction of the late Quaternary environment during glacial and early Holocene time. During the Evans Creek Stade (25 000 – 17 000 years BP) little moisture reached lowlands east of the Olympic Mountains and as a result both the Puget Trough and the Columbia Basin featured a cold dry climate and parkland–tundra vegetation In glacial time, greatest aridity seems to have occurred between 19 000 and 17 000 years BP. After 17 000 years BP the development of mesophytic subalpine parkland suggests that maritime conditions extended farther east into the Puget Trough, and the Cascade Range became an important precipitation divide. Conditions warmer and (or) drier than today developed throughout western Washington between 10 000 and 8000–6000 years BP. Vegetation on opposite sides of the Cascade Range became dissimilar as early as 17 000 years BP, but this trend was accentuated in late glacial and early Holocene time.

Early Holocene hydrology and environments of the Ner River (Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kittel ◽  
Mateusz Płociennik ◽  
Ryszard K. Borόwka ◽  
Daniel Okupny ◽  
Dominik Pawłowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Oxbow Lake ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Overbank Sediments ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Organic Deposits ◽  
Boreal Period

The Ner River valley (central Poland) underwent substantial transformation during the Weichselian–Holocene transition as a result of fluvial processes and climate changes, resulting in the establishment of its present shape in the Holocene. A multiproxy study based on organic deposits from a palaeochannel fill (Lutomiersk–Koziówki) shows that after the channel was cut off during the late glacial termination, it became a shallow oxbow, fed by local springs. In the Boreal period, the oxbow lake was also fed by precipitation and became a telmatic environment overgrown by rush and swamp vegetation. Finally, it was covered by overbank deposits. The first flooding phase (9900–9600 cal. BP) was followed by the accumulation of overbank sediments (after 9500 cal. BP) and flooding increased after ca. 9300–9000 cal. BP. Pollen data provide information on the regional vegetation context for local and regional changes. In the Atlantic period, an increase in both summer and winter temperatures is inferred from the pollen data, corresponding to an expansion of thermophilous deciduous forests. While in general, flooding phases of the Early Holocene are poorly recognised in Eastern Europe, the Lutomiersk–Koziówki site may be considered as one of the reference points for this phenomenon in the region.

A Late-glacial Insect Fauna from Red Moss, Lancashire, England

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan C. Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Positive Response ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Faunal Change ◽  
History Of ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Climatic History ◽  
Organic Sediments ◽  
Glacial Time

AbstractThe Red Moss deposits rest in a hollow which began to collect organic sediments I2,ooo years ago. The sediments, moss peat, sandy organic mud and Phragmites peat, yielded abundant wellpreserved insect remains. The species are all living today but many no longer in the British Isles. The fauna of the Late-glacial environment is one of an open and exposed bog but by Post-glacial time this had been superseded by a fauna of shrub and tree-covered wetland. Other changes in faunal composition have been observed which are thought to have been caused by oscillating thermal conditions. A series of colder and warmer episodes has been postulated which may be broadly correlated to the palynologically inferred climatic history of the Late-glacial. A marked faunal change was observed between the Late- and Post-glacial episodes and it is estimated that summer temperatures rose from IO° C to I6° C in a period of 3o to 45o years based on radiocarbon dating. Faunal changes are independent of lithological boundaries, which, because of the largely organic nature of the sediments, are vegetation controlled and this is thought to demonstrate the more positive response of insects to climatic change.

Evidence of a late glacial warming event and early Holocene cooling in the southern Brazilian coastal highlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Behling ◽  
Marcelo Accioly Teixeira de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
History Of Vegetation ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

AbstractA high-resolution pollen record of the Atlantic rain forest (ARF) biome from the coastal Serra do Tabuleiro mountains of southern Brazil documents an 11,960 yr history of vegetation and climate change. A marked expansion of Weinmannia into the grassland vegetation marks the latter part of the Younger Dryas, reflecting warm and relatively wet conditions. Between 11,490 and 9110 cal yr BP, grasslands became dominant again, indicating a long cold and dry phase, probably in response to the stronger influence of cold South Atlantic seawater and to Antarctic cold fronts. Between 9110 and 2640 cal yr BP, four distinct phases with strong or moderate expansions of different ARF biome taxa were recorded, reflecting warmer and relatively dry conditions with changes in rainfall and length of the annual dry season. After 2640 cal yr BP, the modern ARF biome became established with high amounts of ferns, reflecting somewhat cooler and wetter conditions with a reduced annual dry season. In particular, after 1000 cal yr BP tree ferns increased, reflecting wetter conditions with no dry season.

The Kashiru Pollen Sequence (Burundi) Palaeoclimatic Implications for the Last 40,000 yr B.P. in Tropical Africa

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymonde Bonnefille ◽  
Guy Riollet
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
High Lake Level ◽  
Forest Limit ◽  
Organic Deposits ◽  
Glacial Time ◽  
Cool Climate

A continuous pollen record from a central African highland site (3°28′S, 29°34′E) with 15 radio-carbon dates spans at least the last 40,000 yr. Both modern and fossil pollen have been investigated. A clear pattern of changes in vegetation and climate is suggested. Prior to 30,000 yr B.P., the occurrence of the montane conifer forest, including the upper forest limit, indicates climatic conditions colder and drier than now, but more humid than in late-glacial time. Between 30,000 and 15,000 yr B.P., grassland with afroalpine indicators expanded down to 2500-2000 m altitude as a result of dry, and most probably cool, climate; the montane forest persisted in refuges, although much reduced. Forest vegetation with the same floristic composition as today appeared after 13,250 ± 200 yr B.P., suggesting more humid conditions. The occurrence of a possible short-term humid episode about 21,500 yr B.P. is correlated with some high lake-level stages in East Africa and with organic deposits in deep-sea cores from the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean.

scholarly journals Effects of Soils on the Holocene History of Forest Communities, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Tzedakis
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Pitch Pine ◽  
Pine Pollen ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT Palynological evidence from a sediment sequence in Owl Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, documents the persistence of an area of oak-white pine dominated vegetation through most of the Holocene. The small size of the basin (1.6 ha) and its small catchment area suggest that it receives most pollen from nearby vegetation and consequently its pollen record can be used to study the history of the surrounding forests. The 10,500-year pollen record showed three main phases of relative vegetational stability. A late-glacial spruce-jack pine forest phase, followed by an early Holocene phase when white pine dominated the landscape while oak and pitch pine became increasingly important. After 9000 yr BP, an oak-dominated forest was established. White pine continued to be an important component of the forest. This pattern is similar to vegetational changes elsewhere in southern New England, except for the relatively high values of pine pollen, which reflect the influence of the sandy glacial soils on Cape Cod. The pollen record from Owl Pond is compared with that from another site on Cape Cod, Duck Pond. Oak pollen values are higher at Owl Pond, but values of pitch pine pollen are higher at Duck Pond for the past 8000 years. Soil type (composition, texture) is judged to be the most important factor in maintaining the differences between the two sites. The results from Owl Pond suggest that mainly through the local control of the substrate, a mosaic of oak-dominated patches of vegetation existed at places on Cape Cod during the Holocene, interspersed within a pitch pine-dominated landscape.

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