Epiphytic lichen abundance on branches and trunks of Abies balsamea on Whiteface Mountain, New York

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Hauck ◽  
Thomas Meiβner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen ◽  
Whiteface Mountain

scholarly journals Site factors determining epiphytic lichen distribution in a dieback-affected spruce-fir forest on Whiteface Mountain, New York: stemflow chemistry

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 1131-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Schmull ◽  
Markus Hauck ◽  
David R Vann ◽  
Arthur H Johnson ◽  
Michael Runge
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Nitrate Assimilation ◽  
Precipitation Chemistry ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen ◽  
Forest Dieback ◽  
Lichen Cover ◽  
Whiteface Mountain

Epiphytic lichen diversity in a dieback-affected forest of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) on Whiteface Mountain, New York, U.S.A., was higher on dead compared with living trees and on fir compared with spruce. Diversity differed more between living and dead spruce than between living and dead fir. Cover of all lichen species that occurred on more than 50% of the sample trees, except for two species, decreased with increasing mean concentration of NO3– in stemflow. Concentrations of NO3– were higher on living spruce compared with dead spruce and with living and dead fir. The negative correlations between lichen cover and NO3– concentration may reflect either a decrease of lichen abundance caused by toxic effects of higher NO3– concentrations or a removal of NO3– from stemflow by epiphytic lichens. Experimental exposure of Hypogymnia physodes to NaNO3 reduced chlorophyll concentrations. This result, together with estimations of lichen and needle biomass, indicates that a dependence of lichen cover on NO3– concentrations in stemflow may be the cause for the negative correlations. The sulphur concentration in stemflow did not affect lichen abundance on Whiteface Mountain. The manganese concentration in stemflow may have an effect on single species.Key words: forest dieback, manganese, nitrate assimilation, nitrate toxicity, precipitation chemistry, sulphur.

Wave and nonwave regeneration processes in a subalpine Abies balsamea forest

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk A. Moloney
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Wave Formation ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Subalpine Fir ◽  
Regeneration Cycle ◽  
Whiteface Mountain ◽  
Regeneration Processes

An investigation was conducted on Whiteface Mountain, New York, to determine if the dynamics of the dominant tree species, Abies balsamea, were similar among two wave areas and one nonwave area of subalpine fir forest. Associated understory populations of vascular and bryophyte species were also studied to determine their response to changes in the organization of the Abies balsamea canopy. The regeneration cycles of the wave and nonwave areas exhibited strong parallels. However, some differences were noted, particularly with respect to the transition between generations of trees. Changes in understory populations were associated with changes in the organization of the Abies balsamea population, but to differing degrees dependent upon location. It is suggested that fir wave formation is the result of the interaction between an underlying demographic process common to both wave and nonwave regions (the Abies balsamea regeneration cycle) and a directional stress imposed on the canopy by prevailing winds. This implies that wave formation does not result from a major reorganization of the demographic structure of the Abies balsamea population, but from a reorganization of the spatial distribution of regeneration stages.

Aluminum in Soil Solutions from a Subalpine Spruce‐Fir Forest at Whiteface Mountain, New York

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.K. Miller ◽  
T.G. Huntington ◽  
A.H. Johnson ◽  
A.J. Friedland
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Whiteface Mountain

Red spruce decline on Whiteface Mountain, New York. II. Relationships between apical and radial growth decline

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1415-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. LeBlanc ◽  
Dudley J. Raynal
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Spruce Decline ◽  
Growth Decline ◽  
Whiteface Mountain ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Crown Dieback ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding the relationship between apical and radial growth decline can contribute toward the evaluation of hypotheses regarding causal mechanisms of red spruce decline. The etiology of red spruce decline in montane spruce-fir forests of the northeastern United States includes loss of foliage at branch apices, crown dieback, and unreversed radial growth decline since the 1960s. Demographic analyses of crown damage and radial growth decline for red spruce on Whiteface Mountain, New York, indicate that large, canopy-emergent trees with exposed crowns exhibit greater decline than codominant trees within an intact canopy. In this paper, radial growth decline is shown to have been coincident with decreased apical growth and increased incidence of injury to terminal leaders. Incidence of leader mortality is greatest for canopy-emergent red spruce or trees with exposed crowns, similar to patterns described for radial growth. This relationship suggests that the post-1960 decline of red spruce on Whiteface Mountain is caused, at least in part, by stresses that act directly on the crown.

Adelges piceae. [Distribution map].

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Abies Fraseri ◽  
Fraser Fir ◽  
Adelges Piceae ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Adelges piceae (Ratzeburg) [Dreyfusia piceae]. Hemiptera: Adelgidae. Hosts: balsam fir (Abies balsamea), Fraser fir (Abies fraseri), and other Abies spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Albania, Austria, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy (Sicily), Lithuania, Macedonia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK), Asia (Turkey), North America (Canada (British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec), USA (California, Idaho, Maine, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Tennessee, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia)), South America (Chile).

Tomato mosaic virus infection of red spruce on Whiteface Mountain, New York: prevalence and potential impact

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1340-1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Castello ◽  
George D. Bachand ◽  
Philip M. Wargo ◽  
Volker Jacobi ◽  
Donald R. Tobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Virus Concentration ◽  
First Order ◽  
Virus Incidence ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Whiteface Mountain ◽  
Crown Dieback

Tomato mosaic tobamovirus (ToMV) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the roots of red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.) on Whiteface Mountain, New York. Both virus incidence and concentration in the roots of red spruce vary by site and were greater in trees with little to moderate crown dieback than in trees with severe dieback. There was no significant association between virus incidence or concentration in the roots of red spruce and elevation on Whiteface Mountain. Multiple regression analysis of virus concentration in the roots, as the dependent variable, was performed against nine selected crown and root variables. In the final regression model, the number of live second-order nonwoody roots per length of first-order nonwoody root and length of the live crown were positively and negatively correlated, respectively, with virus concentration in the roots. These results suggest a complex epidemiology and a potentially significant impact of ToMV infection on the growth of red spruce on Whiteface Mountain.

Black spruce decline triggered by spruce budworm at the southern limit of lichen woodland in eastern Canada

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2160-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Simard ◽  
Serge Payette
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen ◽  
Spruce Decline

Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) is the dominant tree species of the southernmost (48°N) lichen woodlands in eastern Canada. Most spruce trees in mature lichen woodlands appear to be declining, as shown by the massive invasion of the epiphytic lichen Bryoria on dead branches of dying trees. A dendroecological study was undertaken to identify the main causal factors of the decline. A decline index based on the abundance of Bryoria on spruce trees was used to distinguish healthy from damaged lichen–spruce woodlands and to select sampling sites for tree-ring measurements. Three conifer species (black spruce, balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)) were sampled to compare their growth patterns in time and space. In the late 1970s and mid-1980s, black spruce and balsam fir experienced sharp and synchronous radial-growth reductions, a high frequency of incomplete and missing rings, and mass mortality likely caused by spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) defoliation. Jack pine, a non-host species, showed no such trend. Because black spruce layers were spared, lichen woodlands will eventually regenerate unless fire occurs in the following years. Black spruce decline can thus be considered as a normal stage in the natural dynamics of the southern lichen woodlands.

Progress toward clean cloud water at Whiteface Mountain New York

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (37) ◽  
pp. 6669-6673 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Dukett ◽  
Nenad Aleksic ◽  
Nathan Houck ◽  
Philip Snyder ◽  
Paul Casson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cloud Water ◽  
Whiteface Mountain
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