Two New Asian Xanthoria Species (Teloschistaceae, Lichenized Ascomycotina)

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kondratyuk ◽  
J. Poelt
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Far East ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Species Pair ◽  
Typical Species

AbstractTwo corticolous species of the lichen genus Xanthoria, X. alfredi S. Kondratyuk & Poelt from Russian and Chinese Far East and X. aphrodites Kalb, Poelt & S. Kondratyuk from Cyprus are described. Morphological characters, in particular the presence of true rhizines within Xanthoria and their differences from hapters are indicated. Xanthoria novozelandica Hillmann is the first species of Xanthoria in which oil paraphyses have been found. A key to the treated species, including X. novozelandica and Xanthoria sp. from western North America is provided. The ecology and distribution of described species are discussed. Xanthoria alfredi and X. ulophyllodes probably constitute a typical species pair; X. alfredi and X. aphrodites are relict endemics.

ANARTA CORDIGERA (THUNBERG) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE: HADENINAE), A SPECIES COMPLEX

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (10) ◽  
pp. 931-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Lafontaine ◽  
K. Mikkola ◽  
V.S. Kononenko
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Far East ◽  
Bursa Copulatrix ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Holarctic Species

AbstractThe status of Anarta cordigera (Thunberg, 1788), formerly treated as a circumboreal holarctic species, is reassessed in the light of characters of the male vesica and female bursa copulatrix. Populations are arranged in four species: A. cordigera in Europe; A. carbonaria Christoph, 1893 in Siberia and the Far East; A. luteola Grote and Robinson, 1865 in North America; and A. macrostigma Lafontaine and Mikkola, new species, in western North America. Adults and genitalia are illustrated for the four species.

STUDIES ON SOLIDAGO L.: IV. THE CHROMOSOME NUMBERS OF CERTAIN TAXA OF THE GENUS SOLIDAGO

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean R. Beaudry ◽  
Denise L. Chabot
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Basic Number ◽  
Western North America

The authors report the chromosome numbers of 25 taxa of the genus Solidago which had not yet been studied from this standpoint, and review the literature. The chromosome numbers of 42 taxa have now been published. The basic number of the genus is nine. Thirty-three taxa are diploid (2n = 18), five are tetraploid (2n = 36), three are aggregate taxa containing both diploid and tetraploid cytodemes, and one is hexaploid (2n = 54). Polyploidy has thus contributed to the evolution of the genus Solidago but it seems that most of the species have differentiated gradually. S. decemflora DC. of western North America differs from S. nemoralis Ait. of the same continent by morphological characters, its geographical distribution, and its chromosome number, the first taxon being tetraploid and the second diploid; the two are thus good species and not only varieties of the same species. The S. rigida of authors is an aggregate made up of two entities which are distinguished not only by their morphology and geographical distribution but also by their chromosome numbers; the eastern one (S. rigida L.) is tetraploid, whereas the western one (S. parvirigida Beaudry) is diploid. The bog and marsh goldenrods, S. Purshii and S. uliginosa, also possess different chromosome numbers, the first being diploid and the second tetraploid.

Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the Late AlbianActinoceramus sulcatuslineage (Early Cretaceous Bivalvia, Inoceramidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Crampton ◽  
Andy S. Gale
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
North America ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Far East ◽  
Far East Of Russia ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The Far East ◽  
America South ◽  
Marine Facies ◽  
Continuous Range

TheActinoceramus sulcatuslineage (Parkinson, 1819) (Bivalvia: Inoceramidae) is a very distinctive and abundant component of late Albian (Early Cretaceous) molluscan assemblages that is found throughout Europe, Central Asia, Japan and the Far East of Russia, southern and western North America, South Africa, and possibly India, in a range of shallow- to deep-marine facies. The lineage encompasses a wide and continuous range of morphologies that provide evidence of phyletic evolution at varying rates combined with large ecophenotypic plasticity within populations. The evolution ofA. sulcatusmarks the oldest appearance of well-developed radial folds and sulci within the Inoceramidae. The range of morphological variation makes formal taxonomic subdivision of the group problematic. Here we use a combination of formal successional subspecies and informal morphotypes to subdivide the lineage into the following taxa:A. sulcatusformasulcatus, A. sulcatusformasubsulcatus(Wiltshire, 1869),A. sulcatusformamunsoni(Cragin, 1894), andA. sulcatus biometricusCrampton, 1996. Within these taxa and morphotypes, we synonymise a large number of earlier names that have been applied to variants within the lineage. Each of the forms recognized has biostratigraphic utility and we describe four new lineage biozones, in ascending order:A. concentricus parabolicus, A. sulcatus, A. sulcatusformamunsoni, andA. sulcatus biometricusbiozones. The lowest occurrence ofA. sulcatusis approximately coincident with the base of the upper Albian as currently defined, at least throughout most of Europe, and this datum provides a valuable tool in correlation. The nature of radial folds within theA. sulcatuslineage poses interesting but still unanswered questions regarding shell morphogenesis in bivalves and the functional significance (if any) of radial folds in the Inoceramidae.

DESCRIPTION OF SACCULOZETES FILOSUS GEN.NOV., SP.NOV. AND GUATEMALOZETES DANOS SP.NOV. (ACARI: ORIBATIDA) FROM GRASSLAND HABITATS

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 1135-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie M. Behan-Pelletier ◽  
Nickolai A. Ryabinin
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Far East ◽  
First Record ◽  
Western North America ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Riparian Grassland ◽  
Grassland Habitats ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new genus and species, Sacculozetes filosus, is described from riparian grassland in the Soviet Far East, and a new species, Guatemalozetes danos, is described from shortgrass and alpine prairie in western North America, both on the basis of adults. The genus Guatemalozetes Mahunka is redefined; this is the first record of this genus from temperate North America. A close relationship is indicated between Sacculozetes and Lamellobates Hammer, Paralamellobates Bhaduri and Raychaudhuri, and Hypozetes Balogh. The uncertain family placement of Sacculozetes and Guatemalozetes within the Ceratozetoidea is discussed. Adults of both genera exhibit character states of the Mycobatidae, but until immatures are discovered, they are considered unplaced genera in the superfamily.

Species of Cortinarius subgenus Leprocybe, sections Orellani and Limonei, in North America

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Thorn ◽  
D. W. Malloch
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mushroom Poisoning ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Fluorescent Compounds

Descriptions and a key are provided to seven species of Cortinarius subg. Leprocybe, sect. Orellani and Limonei, that are found in North America, namely C. callisteus (synonym C. croceocolor), C. distans var. olympianus, C. gentilis (synonym C. confusus), C. limoneus (synonym C. whiteae), C. morrisii, C. rainierensis, and C. speciosissimus. Of these, C. rainierensis and C. speciosissimus were previously shown to contain the nephrotoxin orellanine. Reports of C. orellanus from North America were based on misidentifications of C. uliginosus or similar species of subg. Dermocybe. There are no apparent morphological features to distinguish C. speciosissimus, which has been found in eastern North America, from C. rainierensis, which is known only from the state of Washington in western North America, or from C. orellanoides, which was described from France. Since morphological characters were found for the distinction of sibling species discovered by biochemical and genetic studies in other genera, including Armillaria, we prefer not to accept or suggest the synonymy of these taxa until neotypes or lectotypes are selected for C. croceocolor and C. rubellus and these specimens are compared with types of the other available names using chromatography of fluorescent compounds or rDNA sequences. Key words: biosystematics, mushroom poisoning, orellanine.

scholarly journals First record of the Holarctic least shrew (Sorex minutissimus) and associated helminths from Canada: new light on northern Pleistocene refugia

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Cook ◽  
Bryan S. McLean ◽  
Donavan J. Jackson ◽  
Jocelyn P. Colella ◽  
Stephen E. Greiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Record ◽  
Far East ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

We report the first Canadian record of the Holarctic least shrew (Sorex minutissimus Zimmermann, 1780) and associated helminth worms, collected along the Dempster Highway in central Yukon in 2014. We identify the specimen based on morphological characters, characterize the habitat, report other mammals and helminth species associated with this specimen, and use mitochondrial DNA sequences to place the specimen within a phylogenetic context and address Pleistocene refugial hypotheses. Although long considered an Eurasian endemic, the diminutive least shrew was first reported from Alaska in 1994. Our new record for Canada indicates that the species may occur at least as far east as the MacKenzie River and DNA variation suggests this species persisted only in the Beringian refugium in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum. The discovery of a new mammal and associated parasites for Canada points to the urgent need for more detailed information on high-latitude biotas in North America, data that are best obtained through museum-based field surveys, particularly for small, cryptic species.

Phaeocollybia in western North America. I. ThePhaeocollybia kauffmanii complex

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1055-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorelei L Norvell
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Temperate Rainforest ◽  
Emended Description ◽  
Thin Walled

Morphological and molecular investigations during a taxonomic reevaluation of the genus Phaeocollybia revealed four new agaric species from British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California that are morphologically similar to Phaeocollybia kauffmanii (Smith) Singer. All five species produce large basidiomes with brown pilei, stipes with cartilaginous rinds surrounding dense pith, vertical-monopodial pseudorhizae, large, verrucose or verruculose, apically beaked basidiospores, and thin-walled, clavate cheilocystidia. The most salient morphological characters distinguishing the new species from P. kauffmanii include abundant clamp connections (Phaeocollybia ammiratii), a pink- or purple-brown pileus lacking encrusting pigments in the pileipellis (Phaeocollybia benzokauffmanii), a nonviscid, fibrillose, ochraceous pileus with a trilaminate pileipellis (Phaeocollybia luteosquamulosa), and unusually large basidiospores and subglobose subcapitate pedicellate cheilocystidia (Phaeocollybia redheadii). An emended description of P. kauffmanii accompanies technical descriptions and a key to the five species and newly revealed complex.Key words: Agaricales, Basidiomycota, Cortinariaceae, RFLPs, temperate rainforest.

Comparative Analysis of Genetic and Morphological Variation within the Platanthera hyperborea Complex (Orchidaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-778
Author(s):  
Eranga Wettewa ◽  
Nick Bailey ◽  
Lisa E. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Founding Population ◽  
Multiple Origins ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Cryptic Taxa

Abstract—Species complexes present considerable problems for a working taxonomy due to the presence of intraspecific variation, hybridization, polyploidy, and phenotypic plasticity. Understanding evolutionary patterns using molecular markers can allow for a more thorough assessment of evolutionary lineages than traditional morphological markers. In this study, we evaluated genetic diversity and phylogenetic patterns among taxa of the Platanthera hyperborea (Orchidaceae) complex, which includes diploid (Platanthera aquilonis) and polyploid (Platanthera hyperborea, P. huronensis, and P. convallariifolia) taxa spanning North America, Greenland, Iceland, and Asia. We found that three floral morphological characters overlap among the polyploid taxa, but the diploid species has smaller flowers. DNA sequence variation in a plastid (rpL16 intron) and a nuclear (ITS) marker indicated that at least three diploid species have contributed to the genomes of the polyploid taxa, suggesting all are of allopolyploid origin. Platanthera convallariifolia is most like P. dilatata and P. stricta, whereas P. huronensis and P. hyperborea appear to have originated from crosses of P. dilatata and P. aquilonis. Platanthera huronensis, which is found across North America, has multiple origins and reciprocal maternal parentage from the diploid species. By contrast, P. hyperborea, restricted to Greenland and Iceland, appears to have originated from a small founding population of hybrids in which P. dilatata was the maternal parent. Geographic structure was found among polyploid forms in North America. The area of Manitoba, Canada appears to be a contact zone among geographically diverse forms from eastern and western North America. Given the geographic and genetic variation found, we recommend continued recognition of four green-flowered species within this complex, but caution that there may be additional cryptic taxa within North America.

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