scholarly journals Short-term effects of fishing on life history traits of fishes

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rochet
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effects

Costs and benefits of post-weaning associations in mountain goats

Behaviour ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Charest Castro ◽  
Mathieu Leblond ◽  
Steeve D. Côté
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Oreamnos Americanus ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Mountain Goats

Abstract To better understand the potential costs and benefits of prolonged parental care in gregarious species, we studied post-weaning associations in a marked population of mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) monitored for 22 years. We calculated the occurrence and frequency of associations involving 1- and 2-year-old juveniles. We investigated (1) the influence of maternal characteristics and population size on the formation of post-weaning associations, (2) the short-term costs of associations on maternal reproductive success, and (3) the short-term benefits of associations on life-history traits of juveniles. We found that barren mothers associated more frequently with 1-year-olds than summer yeld and lactating mothers. Associations with 2-year-olds tended to increase the probability that a mother would be barren the following year. Post-weaning associations did not influence the body mass of newborn kids nor the body mass and survival of juveniles. We discuss how benefits for associated juveniles may appear later in life.

Short-term variations in the early life history traits of common sardine Strangomera bentincki and anchoveta Engraulis ringens off central Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 105460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Molina-Valdivia ◽  
Mauricio F. Landaeta ◽  
Manuel I. Castillo ◽  
Darly Alarcón ◽  
Guido Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Engraulis Ringens

scholarly journals Effects of Simulated Heat Waves on Life History Traits of a Host Feeding Parasitoid

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Yi-Bo Zhang ◽  
An-Pei Yang ◽  
Gui-Fen Zhang ◽  
Wan-Xue Liu ◽  
Fang-Hao Wan
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Low Amplitude

The frequency and amplitude of heat waves are predicted to increase under future climate change conditions. We still lack a detailed understanding of how changes in the frequency and amplitude of heat waves are linked to the life history traits and biocontrol efficiency of host-feeding parasitoids. In the present study, we simulated a series of heat waves as a function of amplitude and frequency to investigate the effects on the life history traits of the host-feeding parasitoid Eretmocerus hayati. We found that both the amplitude and frequency of heat waves significantly affected the adult phenotypes. In the low-amplitude heat wave group, the frequency of heat waves did not change the life history traits of the parasitoid; however, when the heat amplitude reached 42 °C, medium (four times/week) and high frequencies (seven times/week) of heat waves detrimentally affected these parameters. Hence, these findings suggest that to obtain optimal biological control with this parasitoid, we need to carefully monitor heat wave pattern (especially the amplitude and frequency) over the short term (usually 7–10 days) before releasing a host-feeding parasitoid.

Consequences of a short-term exposure to a sub lethal concentration of CdO nanoparticles on key life history traits in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar El Kholy ◽  
John P. Giesy ◽  
Yahya Al Naggar
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cadmium Oxide ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

AbstractNanoparticles of cadmium oxide (CdO NPs) are among the most common industrial metal oxide nanoparticles. Early adulthood (F0) fruit flies (D. melanogaster) were exposed for 7 days to a sub lethal concentration (0.03 mg CdO NPs/ml, which was 20% of the LC50), spiked into food media to test for long term-effects over time and beyond their direct exposure on key life history traits. Effects on survival, developmental time, eclosion rate, fecundity and negative geotaxis performance were assessed. Potential effects on ultrastructure of mid gut cells were also investigated by use of electron microscopy. All studied life history traits, as well as climbing behavior were adversely affected by exposure to CdO NPs. In non-exposed progeny (F1) of adult flies (F0), a blistered wing phenotype was also observed. Lysis of nuclear and rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) membranes, mitochondrial swelling and lysis were among the most common cellular alterations observed in midgut cells of F0 flies exposed to CdO NPs. Genes encoding for metallothionein (MTn A-D) were significantly upregulated in both parent flies (F0) and their progeny (F1) after exposure of F0 flies to CdO NPs, compared to unexposed, control flies, a result which indicated potential, long-term effects. Taken together, these results suggest that short-term exposure to a sublethal concentration of CdO NPs is sufficient to cause long-lasting, harmful effects on fruit flies.Graphical Abstract

Short-term effects of cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc on soil nematodes from different feeding and life-history strategy groups

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard W. Korthals ◽  
Albert van de Ende ◽  
Hanny van Megen ◽  
Theo M. Lexmond ◽  
Jan E. Kammenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Soil Nematodes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Short Term Effects
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