Pictorial Cues and Three-Dimensional Information Processing in Early Infancy

2001 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh S. Bhatt ◽  
Evelin Bertin
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Pictorial Cues

scholarly journals Cuttlefish use stereopsis to strike at prey

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. eaay6036 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Feord ◽  
M. E. Sumner ◽  
S. Pusdekar ◽  
L. Kalra ◽  
P. T. Gonzalez-Bellido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Visual Information Processing ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Cephalopod Species ◽  
Left And Right

The camera-type eyes of vertebrates and cephalopods exhibit remarkable convergence, but it is currently unknown whether the mechanisms for visual information processing in these brains, which exhibit wildly disparate architecture, are also shared. To investigate stereopsis in a cephalopod species, we affixed “anaglyph” glasses to cuttlefish and used a three-dimensional perception paradigm. We show that (i) cuttlefish have also evolved stereopsis (i.e., the ability to extract depth information from the disparity between left and right visual fields); (ii) when stereopsis information is intact, the time and distance covered before striking at a target are shorter; (iii) stereopsis in cuttlefish works differently to vertebrates, as cuttlefish can extract stereopsis cues from anticorrelated stimuli. These findings demonstrate that although there is convergent evolution in depth computation, cuttlefish stereopsis is likely afforded by a different algorithm than in humans, and not just a different implementation.

scholarly journals Bogoliubov quasiparticles in superconducting qubits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Glazman ◽  
Gianluigi Catelani
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Quantum Information ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Quantum Information Processing ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Superconducting Qubits ◽  
Relaxation Rates ◽  
Circuit Qed

Extending the qubit coherence times is a crucial task in building quantum information processing devices. In the three-dimensional cavity implementations of circuit QED, the coherence of superconducting qubits was improved dramatically due to cutting the losses associated with the photon emission. Next frontier in improving the coherence includes the mitigation of the adverse effects of superconducting quasiparticles. In these lectures, we review the basics of the quasiparticles dynamics, their interaction with the qubit degree of freedom, their contribution to the qubit relaxation rates, and approaches to control their effect.

scholarly journals Specific and Nonhomologous Isofunctional Enzymes of the Genetic Information Processing Pathways as Potential Therapeutical Targets for Tritryps

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monete Rajão Gomes ◽  
Ana Carolina Ramos Guimarães ◽  
Antonio Basílio de Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Processing Pathways ◽  
Genetic Information Processing

Leishmania major, Trypanosoma brucei, and Trypanosoma cruzi (Tritryps) are unicellular protozoa that cause leishmaniasis, sleeping sickness and Chagas' disease, respectively. Most drugs against them were discovered through the screening of large numbers of compounds against whole parasites. Nonhomologous isofunctional enzymes (NISEs) may present good opportunities for the identification of new putative drug targets because, though sharing the same enzymatic activity, they possess different three-dimensional structures thus allowing the development of molecules against one or other isoform. From public data of the Tritryps' genomes, we reconstructed the Genetic Information Processing Pathways (GIPPs). We then used AnEnPi to look for the presence of these enzymes between Homo sapiens and Tritryps, as well as specific enzymes of the parasites. We identified three candidates (ECs 3.1.11.2 and 6.1.1.-) in these pathways that may be further studied as new therapeutic targets for drug development against these parasites.

scholarly journals Competence of Science Foundation students in basic intellectual skills

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailoo Selvaratnam ◽  
Nkosana Mavuso
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Failure Rate ◽  
North West ◽  
Science Courses ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Intellectual Skills ◽  
Reasoning Skills

The competence of Science Foundation students at the Mafikeng Campus of North-West University in some basic intellectual skills was studied, over a period of three years, utilising carefully designed questions. The skills tested included language, mathematical, graphical, three-dimensional visualisation, information processing and reasoning skills. The results showed that their competence in the basic intellectual skills needed to study science effectively was far below standard. This lack of competence could be expected to be detrimental to self-confidence and may also be an important reason for the high failure rate of students in their science courses. We concluded with the suggestion that much greater emphasis should be placed on the systematic and sustained training of students in intellectual skills and strategies of various types and that such training should be integrated, throughout the courses, with the teaching of subject content.

Extrapolating and interpolating surfaces in depth

1985 ◽  
Vol 224 (1234) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Orientation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Apparent Depth ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Pictorial Cues ◽  
Random Dot Stereograms ◽  
Sloping Surface ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hand Image

Random -dot stereograms were generated with a blank area placed in part of the right-hand image so making a patchwork of monocular and binocular areas. The perceived depth and shape of the monocular region, where depth was not explicitly marked, depended in p art on the depth and surface orientation of adjacent binocular areas. Thus a monocular rectangle flanked by two binocular rectangles which were placed in different fronto-parallel planes was seen as a sloping surface spanning the depth between the binocular regions, and, under some conditions, the gradient of a sloping binocular plane extended into a neighbouring monocular area. Division of the monocular region into two by textural discontinuities or discontinuities of motion sometimes altered the shape of the extrapolated surface. Often, though, the shape was unchanged by such discontinuities implying that both two- and three-dimensional features are used to segment a scene into separate surfaces. Pictorial cues also contribute to the shape and apparent depth of the monocular surface. For instance, when subjects viewed a display consisting of portions of a cube of which two ends were shown stereoscopically and one side monocularly, the monocular side was seen in three dimensions filling the gap between the ends. When stereo cues were pitted against pictorial cues, sometimes pictorial cues and sometimes stereo cues dominated, and sometimes the surface contained sharp discontinuities enabling both to be accommodated.

The Ability to See Solid Form in Early Infancy

Perception ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cook ◽  
Trevor Hine ◽  
Ann Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Habituation Rate ◽  
Orientation Condition ◽  
Initial Fixation ◽  
Solid Objects ◽  
Fixed Orientation ◽  
Solid Form ◽  
Single Orientation

The perception of three-dimensional attributes of solid objects by twelve-week-old infants was studied. In the first experiment the rates of habituation of fixation to a cube in a fixed orientation, to one which changed in orientation between presentations, and to a sequence of photographs of cubes in different orientations were determined. Habituation rate was also determined for a photograph of a cube in a fixed orientation. No difference was found between the initial fixation times for solids and photographs, or between the habituation curves for the solids in fixed and varying orientation. For the photographs habituation was much greater for the fixed orientation than the varying orientation condition. These data were interpreted as providing strong evidence that the infants were responding to the stimuli on the basis of their three-dimensional attributes. In the second experiment the same discriminations were examined by a recovery-from-habituation technique. One group was habituated to a cube in a fixed orientation and tested for recovery of fixation to a new orientation. A second group was habituated to a photograph of a cube in a single orientation and tested for recovery to a photograph of a new orientation. Both groups showed recovery and the recovery was the same for both conditions. These data demonstrated that the subjects were, after all, capable of discriminating between different orientations of a solid cube, and they provided no further evidence that the infants were perceiving three-dimensional attributes of the stimuli.

Computer Vision Based Classification on Commercial Videos

2017 ◽  
pp. 105-135
Author(s):  
B. Rebecca Jeya Vadhanam ◽  
Mohan S. ◽  
V. Sugumaran ◽  
Vani V. ◽  
V. V. Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Technology Integration ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Vision System ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Utility Concept

Computer vision is a study which is concerned with automatic mining, analysis, perception, and extraction of the essential information from a single frame or image and a sequence of frames. It focuses on the development of automatic visual perception systems to reconstruct and interpret a three-dimensional scene from two-dimensional images through the properties of the structures in the scene. This is a challenging task for the contemporary computer vision system. Hence, this chapter explores the essential information, processing, analysis, and understanding necessary for computer vision. This enables users to retrieve product-based advertisement content and efficient browsing of desired shows. The final goal of this chapter is to design electronic embedded systems focused on technology integration with a domestic utility concept.

Recent progress in three-dimensional information processing based on integral imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (34) ◽  
pp. H77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyeung Park ◽  
Keehoon Hong ◽  
Byoungho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Integral Imaging
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