Oxidation of Linoleic Acid and Methyl Linoleate Mixed with Saturated Fatty Acid or its Methyl Ester

LWT ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichiro Ishido ◽  
Yasumasa Minemoto ◽  
Shuji Adachi ◽  
Ryuichi Matsuno
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Methyl Linoleate ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Linoleic acid-rich fats reduce atherosclerosis development beyond its oxidative and inflammatory stress-increasing effect in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice in comparison with saturated fatty acid-rich fats

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 896-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Sato ◽  
Kenichi Shibata ◽  
Run Nomura ◽  
Daisuke Kawamoto ◽  
Rika Nagamine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Inflammatory Stress ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Apo E ◽  
Deficient Mice

The relative benefit of replacing saturated fatty acid with linoleic acids is still being debated because a linoleic acid-enriched diet increases oxidative and inflammatory stresses, although it is associated with a reduction in serum cholesterol levels. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of linoleic acid-rich (HL) fat, compared with a saturated fatty acid-rich (SF) fat on atherosclerotic lesion areas, serum and liver cholesterol levels, oxidative stress (urinary isoprostanes and serum malondialdehayde) and inflammatory stress (expression of aortic monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MCP-1) in apo E-deficient mice. Male and female apo E-deficient mice (8 weeks old; seven to eight per group) were fed an AIN-76-based diet containing SF fat (50 g palm oil and 50 g lard/kg) or HL fat (100 g high-linoleic safflower-seed oil/kg) for 9 weeks. Compared with the SF diet, the HL diet lowered atherosclerosis (P<0·05). It reduced serum total cholesterol levels (P<0·05), increased HDL-cholesterol levels (P<0·05) and lowered liver esterified cholesterol levels (P<0·01). The HL diet-fed mice showed increased expression of MCP-1 mRNA (P<0·05), serum levels of malondialdehayde (P<0·05) and urinary excretion of 2,3-dinor-5,6-dihydro-8-iso-prostaglandin F2α;P<0·05). These results suggest that having biomarkersin vivofor oxidative stress and inflammatory status of endothelial cells does not necessarily indicate predisposition to an increased lesion area in the aortic root in apo E-deficient mice fed an HL or SF diet.

scholarly journals Reduction of Detrimental Effect of Soybean Oil in-vivo Using Watermelon White Rind Extract

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanan M. El-Ghandour
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Acid Methyl

Aim: To study the effect of white rind extract on decreasing soybean oil impact on calcium and phosphorous blood levels in vivo. Method: Dried watermelon white rind was directed to mycotoxin and elemental determinations to assure its safe usage. Soybean oil was subjected to fatty acid and GC-MS analysis. Biological experiment was conducted using male albino rats fed diet prepared by soybean oil and supplied with aqueous watermelon white rind extract for two months’ interval period. At the end of the experiment, the calcium and phosphorus in blood were determined. Results: The rind was free from aflatoxin and ochratoxin. Watermelon white rind aqueous extract contained iron, copper, potassium, chromium and selenium at concentration ranges of 3.4, 0.53, 45.51, 0.0142 and 0.0985 ppm, respectively. Soybean oil had free fatty acid, peroxide value, iodine number and anisidine value of 0.43%, 13.62 meq O2/Kg, 132 and 0.7, respectively. GC-MS analysis of soy oil ascertained the presence of twenty-four compounds: linoleic acid, methyl ester (25.27%), monensin (15.75%), elaidic acid (9.24%), nonadecanoic acid, methyl ester (7.04%), cis-13-eicosenoic acid (4.92%), cis-vaccenic acid (4.68%), linoleic acid (4.67%), palmitoleic acid (4.46%), 9-tetradecenal (4.42%) and cysteine (4.18%)were the most predominant. Fatty acid profile of the oil showed that the ratio of saturated fatty acid to unsaturated fatty acids was 1:5. Conclusion: Rats fed diet prepared by soybean oil had a decreased calcium level in comparison with negative control (p<0.05). Supplementation with watermelon white rind aqueous extract rendered calcium level to normal status as negative control. Phosphorus level wasn’t affected by soya oil.  

scholarly journals Quality traits and fatty acid composition in meat of Hair Goat and Saanen  ×  Hair Goat (G<sub>1</sub>) crossbred kids fattened in different systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-314
Author(s):  
Hacer Tüfekci ◽  
Mustafa Olfaz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Conjugate Linoleic Acid ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Total Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality Traits

Abstract. In this study, meat quality traits and fatty acid compositions of Hair Goat and Saanen × Hair Goat (G1) crossbred kids fattened under intensive, semi-intensive and extensive conditions were determined. For meat quality traits, differences in pH24 h, pH45 min, drip loss, water holding capacity, cooking loss and Warner–Bratzler peak shear force values of the experimental groups were not found to be significant. According to colour measurements at the 0th and 45th minute, the extensive fattening group of Hair Goat kids had greater lightness (L∗) values and the intensive fattening group of Hair Goat kids had greater redness (a∗) values. For intensive, semi-intensive and extensive fattening groups of Hair Goat kids, total saturated fatty acid contents of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were respectively measured as 19.28 %, 23.75 % and 23.35 %. Total monounsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 67.30 %, 66.22 % and 65.72 %. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 5.46 %, 3.06 % and 3.16 % and conjugate linoleic acid contents were respectively measured as 0.48 %, 0.55 % and 0.65 %. For intensive, semi-intensive and extensive fattening groups of Saanen × Hair Goat (G1) kids, total saturated fatty acid contents of LD muscle samples were respectively measured as 21.01 %; 21.98 %, 19.10 %; total monounsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 64.04 %, 64.33 %, 52.44 %. Total polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were respectively measured as 3.53 %, 4.89 % and 4.84 % and conjugate linoleic acid contents were respectively measured as 0.52 %, 0.58 % and 0.73 %. It was concluded that the extensive fattening group had greater conjugated linoleic acid contents than the other fattening groups.

scholarly journals Studying the Physicochemical Properties and Isolation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids from Edible Oils by GC-MS and Argentated Silica Gel Chromatography

2021 ◽  
pp. 346-362
Author(s):  
Salim Najmaldain Saber ◽  
Hikmat Ali Mohamad ◽  
Madzlan Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl

The core objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of the oils of sunflower, olive, virgin coconut and ginger oils, as well as the separation of their unsaturated fatty acids. The data indicated a significant variation in physicochemical properties (acid, saponification, ester, and iodine values) among oils. Transesterification process was carried out at a molar ratio of 1:7:0.1 of oil: methanol: KOH. Fatty acid methyl esters of oils were analyzed by infrared (IR) and gas chromatography–mass (GC-MS) spectrometry. Twelve fatty acids were identified, where the major fatty acid of  olive oil was found to be  oleic acid (89%), whereas those of sunflower and ginger oils were linoleic acid (80.9 %) and (79.3 %), respectively. Sunflower and olive oils were fractionated by 25% silver nitrate-impregnated silica gel column chromatography. By this method, linoleic acid methyl ester from sunflower and oleic acid methyl ester from olive oil were isolated with high purity percentages and yields. This study is significant for the development of food and pharmaceutical products.

scholarly journals Effect of Accelerated High Temperature on Oxidation and Polymerization of Biodiesel from Vegetable Oils

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Kon Kim ◽  
Cheol-Hwan Jeon ◽  
Hyung Lee ◽  
Young-Kwon Park ◽  
Kyong-il Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Accelerated Oxidation

Oxidation of biodiesel (BD) obtained from the decomposition of biomass can damage the fuel injection and engine parts during its use as a fuel. The excess heating of vegetable oils can also cause polymerization of the biodiesel. The extent of BD oxidation depends on its fatty acid composition. In this study, an accelerated oxidation test of BDs at 95 °C was investigated according to ASTM D 2274 by applying a long-term storage test for 16 weeks. The density, viscosity, and total acid number (TAN) of BDs increased because of the accelerated oxidation. Furthermore, the contents of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), C18:2 ME, and C18:3 ME in BDs decreased due to the accelerated oxidation. The 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of BDs that were obtained from the accelerated high temperature oxidation at 180 °C for 72 h differed from that of fresh BDs. The mass spectrum obtained from the analysis of the model FAME, linoleic acid (C18:2) methyl ester, which was oxidized at high temperature, indicated the formation of dimers and epoxy dimers of linoleic acid (C18:2) methyl ester by a Diels-Alder reaction.

scholarly journals Investigation of Chemical Composition, Characterization and Determination of Biodiesel Content for the Oil Extracted from Waste Coffee Residue of Different Varieties of Coffee Beans Grown in Yirgachefie, Kocherea and Yirgalem Using Homogeneous Catalysis and Comparing it with Fossil Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Tsegay Hiwot
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Methyl Oleate ◽  
Methyl Linoleate ◽  
Methyl Stearate ◽  
Methyl Palmitate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Acid Methyl

Due to rapid population growth and development in the world there is high energy demand, energy consumption, sharp decline in petro fuels reserves, and greater environmental problems, as a result of using petroleum diesel constrained mankind to investigate newer and renewable feed stocks for liquid transportation fuels from vegetable oils by transesterification reaction. In this study oil of waste coffee residue of yirgachefie, yirgalem and kocherea (chellelleqtu) weredas were selected as potential raw from indigenous species for biodiesel production. Oil was extracted using n-hexane as a solvent from waste coffee residue of yirga chefie, yirgalem and kocherea weredas. The oil contents for yirgachefie, yirgalem and kocherea were 16.67% w/w, 19.7 % w/w and 16.9% w/w respectively. Transesterification were carried out for all oils using methanol in the presence of acidic and basic catalysts to produce biodiesel. The fatty acid methyl esters in the biodiesel prepared from the oil extracted from three waste coffee residues were analyzed by FTIR and GC-MS. Based on GC-MS analysis their chemical compositions were 37.7 wt. % methyl palmitate (C16:0), 41 wt. % methyl linoleate (C18:2), 13.5 wt. % methyl oleate (C18:1) and 8.5 wt. % methyl stearate (C18:0) for yirgachefie, 35.90 wt.% methyl palmitate (C16:0), 38.28 wt. % methyl linoleate (C18:2), 16.42 wt. % methyl oleate (C18:1) and 9.40 wt.% methyl stearate (C18:0) for kocherea and 26.62 wt. % methyl palmitate (C16:0), 35.18 wt.% methyl linoleate (C18:2), 19.72 wt. % methyl oleate (C18:1) and 18.48 wt.% methyl stearate (C18:0) for yirgalem. In addition to this the variables that affect the amount of methyl ester yield were determined and an optimum of 94.7 %, 95.84 and 94.56 fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) conversion were obtained at a methanol to oil molar ratio of 6:1, 1.0 % mass NaOH, 65 °C reaction temperature and 3 hour reaction time for yirgachefie, yirgalem and kochera respectively. The energy content of the oil and biodiesel were 38, 36.2, 37 MJ/Kg and 38.68, 38, 41 MJ/ Kg for yirgachefie, yirgalem and kochera respectively which is determined by bomb calorimeter. Other physicochemical properties of the biodiesel were determined and all these lie within the ASTM and EN biodiesel standards except acidic value. Therefore, coffee seed oil methyl ester could be used as an alternative energy resource in diesel engine.

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