Toxoplasma gondii: Induction of Toxoplasmic Encephalitis in Mice with Chronic Infection by Inoculation of a Murine Leukemia Virus Inducing Immunodeficiency

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Watanabe ◽  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
M. Makino ◽  
M. Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Toxoplasmic Encephalitis ◽  
Murine Leukemia

scholarly journals Interferon-gamma: A Potent Antiviral Agent Targeting Macrophages Infected with LP-BM5 Murine Leukemia Virus, the Causative Agent of 'AIDS' in Mice

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl b) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens J Kort ◽  
Julie L Eiseman
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage (MM cells) are known to be infected by retroviruses, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), without cytopathic changes and may serve as a persistent reservoir for the virus during the development of immunodeficiency disease. LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) infection of C57BL/6 mice and cell lines has been used to optimize therapy directed against macrophages. Findings in this murine system may be applicable to HN infection in humans. The effect of recombinant murine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and 3' -azido-2',3' -dideoxythymidine (AZT) as single agents or in combination was investigated in both LP-BM5 MuLV de novo infection and chronic infection of macrophages. Results indicate that the therapeutic effects of these single agents were dose-dependent and both agents were similarly effective in reducing the production of infectious virus determined by XC-plaque assay and by measurements of reverse transcriptase activity in culture supernatants; and AZT and IFN-γ reduced the production of virus proteins, quantified by laser densitometry of fluorographs from immunoprecipitated viral proteins using virus-specific antiserum. A combination of IFN-γ and that AZT showed greater antiviral activity in both LP-BM5 MuLV de novo and chronic infection of macrophages than either agent alone, suggesting that IFN-γ and AZT represent a potent combination of antiviral agents targeting macrophages. Further, since a lower concentration of each agent was required for efficacy in combination therapy, toxicity associated with single agent therapy may be avoided.

Recent Studies on a Murine Leukemia Virus Grown in Tissue Culture

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
L. Z. de Tkaczevski ◽  
E. de Harven ◽  
C. Friend
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Supernatant Fluid ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Friend Leukemia ◽  
Type C ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Despite extensive studies, the correlation between the morphology and pathogenicity of murine leukemia viruses (MLV) has not yet been clarified. The virus particles found in the plasma of leukemic mice belong to 2 distinct groups, 1 or 2% of them being enveloped A particles and the vast majority being of type C. It is generally believed that these 2 types of particles represent different phases in the development of the same virus. Particles of type A have been thought to be an earlier form of type C particles. One of the tissue culture lines established from Friend leukemia solid tumors has provided the material for the present study. The supernatant fluid of the line designated C-1A contains an almost pure population of A particles as illustrated in Figure 1. The ratio is, therefore, the reverse of what is unvariably observed in the plasma of leukemic mice where C particles predominate.

Immunoferritin Labelling of Murine Leukemia Virus Antigens in thin Sections

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 508-509
Author(s):  
Ray A. Weigand ◽  
Gregory C. Varjabedian
Keyword(s):  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Tumor Virus ◽  
Labelling Procedure ◽  
Unlabelled Antibody ◽  
Murine Leukemia

We previously described the intracellular localization of murine mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) p28 protein in thin sections (1). In that study, MuMTV containing cells fixed in 3% paraformaldehyde plus 0.05% glutaraldehyde were labelled after thin sectioning using ferritin-antiferritin in an unlabelled antibody technique. We now describe the labelling of murine leukemia virus (MuLV) particles using the unlabelled antibody technique coupled to ferritin-Fab antiferritin. Cultures of R-MuLV in NIH/3T3 cells were grown to 90% confluence (2), fixed with 2% paraformaldehyde plus 0.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate at pH 7.2, postfixed with buffered 17 OsO4, dehydrated with a series of etha-nols, and embedded in Epon. Thin sections were collected on nickel grids, incubated in 107 H2O2, rinsed in HEPES buffered saline, and subjected to the immunoferritin labelling procedure. The procedure included preincubation in 27 egg albumin, a four hour incubation in goat antisera against purified gp69/71 of MuLV (3) (primary antibody), incubation in F(ab’)2 fragments of rabbit antisera to goat IgG (secondary antibody), incubation in apoferritin, incubation in ferritin-Fab ferritin, and a brief fixation with 2% glutaraldehyde. The sections were stained with uranyl acetate and examined in a Siemens IA electron microscope at an accelerating voltage of 60 KV.

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