Delayed Glial Cell Death Following Wallerian Degeneration in White Matter Tracts after Spinal Cord Dorsal Column Cordotomy in Adult Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Warden ◽  
Norman I. Bamber ◽  
Huaying Li ◽  
Andrew Esposito ◽  
Kaashif A. Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Wallerian Degeneration ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
White Matter Tracts ◽  
Spinal Cord Dorsal

scholarly journals Leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and high brain lactate: report of three brazilian patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (2b) ◽  
pp. 506-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gurgel Fernandes Távora ◽  
Mauro Nakayama ◽  
Rômulo Lopes Gama ◽  
Thereza Cristina de Lara Alvim ◽  
Dalton Portugal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Motor Neuropathy ◽  
Spinal Cord Involvement ◽  
Spinal Cord Dorsal ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

A novel leukoencephalopathy was recently identified based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) findings. Leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and high lactate (LBSL) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset of symptoms and slowly progressive cerebellar, pyramidal and spinal cord dorsal column dysfunction. MRI and ¹H-MRS typically show abnormalities within cerebral and cerebellar white matter, a characteristic involvement of brainstem and spinal cord tracts and elevated lactate in the abnormal white matter. We present three cases with characteristic clinical and neuroimaging findings of this disorder. Some additional unique findings of our patients are discussed, like distal motor neuropathy and elevated creatine kinase in the serum.

scholarly journals Important Role of Reverse Na+-Ca2+Exchange in Spinal Cord White Matter Injury at Physiological Temperature

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 1116-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuxin Li ◽  
Qiubo Jiang ◽  
Peter K. Stys
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
White Matter Tracts ◽  
Physiological Temperature ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Cellular Ca

Spinal cord injury is a devastating condition in which most of the clinical disability results from dysfunction of white matter tracts. Excessive cellular Ca2+ accumulation is a common phenomenon after anoxia/ischemia or mechanical trauma to white matter, leading to irreversible injury because of overactivation of multiple Ca2+-dependent biochemical pathways. In the present study, we examined the role of Na+-Ca2+ exchange, a ubiquitous Ca2+ transport mechanism, in anoxic and traumatic injury to rat spinal dorsal columns in vitro. Excised tissue was maintained in a recording chamber at 37°C and injured by exposure to an anoxic atmosphere for 60 min or locally compressed with a force of 2 g for 15 s. Mean compound action potential amplitude recovered to ≈25% of control after anoxia and to ≈30% after trauma. Inhibitors of Na+-Ca2+ exchange (50 μM bepridil or 10 μM KB-R7943) improved functional recovery to ≈60% after anoxia and ≈70% after traumatic compression. These inhibitors also prevented the increase in calpain-mediated spectrin breakdown products induced by anoxia. We conclude that, at physiological temperature, reverse Na+-Ca2+exchange plays an important role in cellular Ca2+ overload and irreversible damage after anoxic and traumatic injury to dorsal column white matter tracts.

scholarly journals Spinal cord α-synuclein deposition associated with myoclonus in patients with MSA-C

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeho Hwang ◽  
Anna M. Bank ◽  
Farzad Mortazavi ◽  
Derek H. Oakley ◽  
Matthew P. Frosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Massachusetts General Hospital ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Corticospinal Tracts ◽  
Spinal Cord Dorsal ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Imagej Software

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that myoclonus in patients with multiple system atrophy with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C) is associated with a heavier burden of α-synuclein deposition in the motor regions of the spinal cord, we compared the degree of α-synuclein deposition in spinal cords of 3 patients with MSA-C with myoclonus and 3 without myoclonus.MethodsAll human tissue was obtained by the Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Pathology with support from and according to neuropathology guidelines of the Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research Center. Tissue was stained with Luxol fast blue and hematoxylin & eosin for morphologic evaluation, and with a mouse monoclonal antibody to α-synuclein and Vectastain DAB kit. Images of the spinal cord sections were digitized using a 10× objective lens. Grayscale versions of these images were transferred to ImageJ software for quantitative analysis of 8 different regions of interest (ROIs) in the spinal cord: dorsal column, anterior white column, left and right dorsal horns, left and right anterior horns, and left and right lateral corticospinal tracts. A mixed-effect, multiple linear regression model was constructed to determine if patients with and without myoclonus had significantly different distributions of α-synuclein deposition across the various ROIs.ResultsPatients with myoclonus had more α-synuclein in the anterior horns (p < 0.001) and lateral corticospinal tracts (p = 0.02) than those without myoclonus.ConclusionsIn MSA-C, myoclonus appears to be associated with a higher burden of α-synuclein deposition within spinal cord motor regions. Future studies with more patients will be needed to confirm these findings.

Evoked Compound Action Potentials Reveal Spinal Cord Dorsal Column Neuroanatomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Parker ◽  
Milan Obradovic ◽  
Nastaran Hesam Shariati ◽  
Robert B. Gorman ◽  
Dean M. Karantonis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Compound Action Potentials ◽  
Spinal Cord Dorsal ◽  
Compound Action

scholarly journals In vivo DTI evaluation of white matter tracts in rat spinal cord

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayaroop Gullapalli ◽  
Jaroslaw Krejza ◽  
Eric D. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
White Matter Tracts
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