Attentional Bias toward Low-Intensity Stimuli: An Explanation for the Intensity Dissociation between Reaction Time and Temporal Order Judgment?

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaskowski ◽  
Rolf Verleger
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Low Intensity

Temporal-Order Judgment and Reaction Time to Stimuli of Different Rise Times

Perception ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaśkowski
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Point Of Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
Subjective Simultaneity ◽  
The Subject

Point of subjective simultaneity and simple reaction time were compared for stimuli with different rise times. It was found that these measures behave differently. To explain the result it is suggested that in the case of temporal-order judgment the subject takes into account not only the stimulus onset but also other events connected with stimulus presentation.

Temporal Order Judgment and Reaction Time

Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 165 (3891) ◽  
pp. 413-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gibbon ◽  
R. Rutschmann
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment

A Dissociation between Reaction Time to Sinusoidal Gratings and Temporal-Order Judgment

Perception ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Tappe ◽  
Michael Niepel ◽  
Odmar Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Comparison Stimulus ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Visual Latency ◽  
Sinusoidal Gratings ◽  
Sharp Edges

The effect of the spatial frequency (SF) of visual gratings on reaction time (RT) and temporal-order judgment (TOJ) was examined in three experiments. In experiment 1 the visual stimuli were vertical sinusoidal gratings with SFs between 2 and 8 cycles deg−1 and the comparison stimulus in the TOJ task was a 2300 Hz tone. Whereas SF had a highly significant effect on RT, it left TOJ completely unaffected. To test whether this dissociation was due to the sharp (high SF) horizontal edges of the gratings, a second experiment was carried out with circular stimuli with no sharp edges. These stimuli did produce an effect of SF on TOJ, but it was significantly smaller than was the effect on RT. In experiment 3 we confirmed that this difference was not due to differences in grating orientation between the first two experiments. These findings (a) solve discrepancies between findings reported in the literature and (b) strongly suggest that RT and TOJ cannot be regarded as converging operations for determining ‘visual latency’. This dissociation can best be accounted for by assuming that the output of early stimulus analysis can feed directly into the motor system (direct parameter specification), whereas the conscious representation that is used for TOJ is based on later integrative processes.

Time changes: Temporal contexts support event segmentation in associative memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent van de Ven ◽  
Moritz Jaeckels ◽  
Peter De Weerd
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Temporal Context ◽  
Temporal Acuity ◽  
Event Segmentation ◽  
Standard Interval ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Temporal Order Judgments

We tend to mentally segment a series of events according to perceptual contextual changes, such that items from a shared context are more strongly associated in memory than items from different contexts. It is also known that temporal context provides a scaffold to structure experiences in memory, but its role in event segmentation has not been investigated. We adapted a previous paradigm, which was used to investigate event segmentation using visual contexts, to study the effects of changes in temporal contexts on event segmentation in associative memory. We presented lists of items in which the inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) ranged across lists between 0.5 and 4 s in 0.5 s steps. After each set of six lists, participants judged which one of two test items were shown first (temporal order judgment) for items that were either drawn from the same list or from consecutive lists. Further, participants judged from memory whether the ISI associated to an item lasted longer than a standard interval (2.25s) that was not previously shown. Results showed faster responses for temporal order judgments when items were drawn from the same context, as opposed to items drawn from different contexts. Further, we found that participants were well able to provide temporal duration judgments based on recalled durations. Finally, we found temporal acuity, as estimated by psychometric curve fitting parameters of the recalled durations, correlated inversely with within-list temporal order judgments. These findings show that changes in temporal context support event segmentation in associative memory.

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