III. Yeast sequencing reports. Corrected sequence for the right telomere ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome III

Yeast ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Louis
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right

The complete sequence of a 10·8kb fragment to the right of the chromosome III centromere ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae

Yeast ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Biteau ◽  
Christophe Fremaux ◽  
Sylvie Hebrard ◽  
Annie Menara ◽  
Michael Aigle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Sequence ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals MULTIPLE GENE SITES FOR 5S AND 18 + 28S RNA ON CHROMOSOMES OF GLYPTOTENDIPES BARBIPES (STAEGER)

1974 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu-Nan Wen ◽  
Pedro E. León ◽  
Donald R. Hague
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Balbiani Ring ◽  
5S Rna ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
Main Site ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right

Ribosomal RNAs (28 + 18S and 5S) and 4S RNA extracted from the chironomid Glyptotendipes barbipes were iodinated in vitro with 125I and hybridized to the salivary gland chromosomes of G. barbipes and Drosophila melanogaster. Iodinated 18 + 28 S RNA labeled three puffed sites with associated nucleoli on chromosomes IR, IIL, and IIIL of G. barbipes and the nucleolar organizer of Drosophila. Labeled 5S RNA hybridized to three sites on chromosome IIIR, two sites on chromosome IIR and one site in a Balbiani ring on chromosome IV of Glyptotendipes. Most of the label produced by this RNA was localized seven bands away from the centromere on the right arm of chromosome III, and we consider this to be the main site complementary to 5S RNA in the chironomid. This same RNA preparation specifically labeled the 56 EF region of chromosome IIR of Drosophila which has been shown previously to be the only site labeled when hybridized with homologous 5S RNA. Hybridization of G. barbipes chromosomes with iodinated 4S RNA produced no clearly localized labeled sites over the exposure periods studied.

scholarly journals Isolation and genetic analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants supersensitive to G1 arrest by a factor and alpha factor pheromones.

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
R K Chan ◽  
C A Otte
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
G1 Arrest ◽  
Alpha Cells ◽  
Opposite Mating Type ◽  
Alpha Factor ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right

Eight independently isolated mutants which are supersensitive (Sst-) to the G1 arrest induced by the tridecapeptide pheromone alpha factor were identified by screening mutagenized Saccharomyces cerevisiae MATa cells on solid medium for increased growth inhibition by alpha factor. These mutants carried lesions in two complementation groups, sst1 and sst2. Mutations at the sst1 locus were mating type specific: MATa sst1 cells were supersensitive to alpha factor, but MAT alpha sst1 cells were not supersensitive to a factor. In contrast, mutations at the sst2 locus conferred supersensitivity to the pheromones of the opposite mating type on both MATa and MAT alpha cells. Even in the absence of added alpha pheromone, about 10% of the cells in exponentially growing cultures of MATa strains carrying any of three different alleles of sst2 (including the ochre mutation sst2-4) had the aberrant morphology ("shmoo" shape) that normally develops only after MATa cells are exposed to alpha factor. This "self-shmooing" phenotype was genetically linked to the sst2 mutations, although the leakiest allele isolated (sst2-3) did not display this characteristic. Normal MATa/MAT alpha diploids do not respond to pheromones; diploids homozygous for an sst2 mutation (MATa/MAT alpha sst2-1/sst2-1) were still insensitive to alpha factor. The sst1 gene was mapped to within 6.9 centimorgans of his6 on chromosome IX. The sst2 gene was unlinked to sst1, was not centromere linked, and was shown to be neither linked to nor centromere distal to MAT on the right arm of chromosome III.

scholarly journals RESOLUTION OF DICENTRIC CHROMOSOMES BY TY-MEDIATED RECOMBINATION IN YEAST

Genetics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-419
Author(s):  
Richard T Surosky ◽  
Bik-Kwoon Tye
Keyword(s):  
Centromeric Region ◽  
Ring Chromosome ◽  
Normal Chromosome ◽  
Meiotic Segregation ◽  
Linear Chromosome ◽  
Ty Elements ◽  
Dicentric Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right ◽  
Diploid Cells

ABSTRACT We have integrated a plasmid containing a yeast centromere, CEN5, into the HIS4 region of chromosome III by transformation. Of the three transformant colonies examined, none contained a dicentric chromosome, but all contained a rearranged chromosome III. In one transformant, rearrangement occurred by homologous recombination between two Ty elements; one on the left arm and the other on the right arm of chromosome III. This event produced a ring chromosome (ring chromosome III) of about 60 kb consisting of CEN3 and all other sequences between the two Ty elements. In addition, a linear chromosome (chromosome IIIA) consisting of sequences distal to the two Ty elements including CEN5, but lacking 60 kb of sequences from the centromeric region, was produced. Two other transformants also contain a similarly altered linear chromosome III as well as an apparently normal copy of chromosome III. These results suggest that dicentric chromosomes cannot be maintained in yeast and that dicentric structures must be resolved for the cell to survive.—The meiotic segregation properties of ring chromosome III and linear chromosome IIIA were examined in diploid cells which also contained a normal chromosome III. Chromosome IIIA and normal chromosome III disjoined normally, indicating that homology or parallel location of the centromeric regions of these chromosomes are not essential for proper meiotic segregation. In contrast, the 60-kb ring chromosome III, which is homologous to the centromeric region of the normal chromosome III, did not appear to pair with fidelity with chromosome III.

Rules of Donor Preference in Saccharomyces Mating-Type Gene Switching Revealed by a Competition Assay Involving Two Types of Recombination

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Wu ◽  
Cherry Wu ◽  
James E Haber
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Competition Assay ◽  
A Cells ◽  
Single Strand Annealing ◽  
Type Gene ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
Strand Annealing ◽  
The Right ◽  
Donor Preference

Mating type (MAT) switching in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is initiated by a double-strand break (DSB) created at MAT by HO endonuclease. MAT  a cells activate the entire left arm of chromosome III; thus MAT  a preferentially recombines with the silent donor HML. In contrast, MATα cells inactivate the left arm, including HML, and thus preferentially recombine with HMR, 100 kb to the right of MAT. We present a novel competition assay, in which the DSB at MAT can be repaired either by MAT switching or by single-strand annealing (SSA) between two URA3 genes flanking MAT. With preferred donors, MAT  a or MATα switching occurs 65–70% of the time in competition with SSA. When HML is deleted, 40% of MAT  a cells recombine with the “wrong” donor HMR; however, when HMR is deleted, only 18% of MATα cells recombine with HML. In interchromosomal switching, with donors on chromosome III and MAT on chromosome V, MAT  a retains its strong preference for HML and switching is efficient, when the chromosome III recombination enhancer is present. However, MATα donor preference is lost and interchromosomal switching is very inefficient. These experiments demonstrate the utility of using competition between two outcomes to measure the relative efficiency of recombination.

Isolation and genetic analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants supersensitive to G1 arrest by a factor and alpha factor pheromones

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
R K Chan ◽  
C A Otte
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
G1 Arrest ◽  
Alpha Cells ◽  
Opposite Mating Type ◽  
Alpha Factor ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right

Eight independently isolated mutants which are supersensitive (Sst-) to the G1 arrest induced by the tridecapeptide pheromone alpha factor were identified by screening mutagenized Saccharomyces cerevisiae MATa cells on solid medium for increased growth inhibition by alpha factor. These mutants carried lesions in two complementation groups, sst1 and sst2. Mutations at the sst1 locus were mating type specific: MATa sst1 cells were supersensitive to alpha factor, but MAT alpha sst1 cells were not supersensitive to a factor. In contrast, mutations at the sst2 locus conferred supersensitivity to the pheromones of the opposite mating type on both MATa and MAT alpha cells. Even in the absence of added alpha pheromone, about 10% of the cells in exponentially growing cultures of MATa strains carrying any of three different alleles of sst2 (including the ochre mutation sst2-4) had the aberrant morphology ("shmoo" shape) that normally develops only after MATa cells are exposed to alpha factor. This "self-shmooing" phenotype was genetically linked to the sst2 mutations, although the leakiest allele isolated (sst2-3) did not display this characteristic. Normal MATa/MAT alpha diploids do not respond to pheromones; diploids homozygous for an sst2 mutation (MATa/MAT alpha sst2-1/sst2-1) were still insensitive to alpha factor. The sst1 gene was mapped to within 6.9 centimorgans of his6 on chromosome IX. The sst2 gene was unlinked to sst1, was not centromere linked, and was shown to be neither linked to nor centromere distal to MAT on the right arm of chromosome III.

scholarly journals Linear Derivatives of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Chromosome III Can Be Maintained in the Absence of Autonomously Replicating Sequence Elements

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (13) ◽  
pp. 4652-4663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Dershowitz ◽  
Marylynn Snyder ◽  
Mohammed Sbia ◽  
Joan H. Skurnick ◽  
Loke Y. Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Replication Initiation ◽  
Replication Origins ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Autonomously Replicating Sequence ◽  
Sequence Elements ◽  
Chromosome Fragments ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Replication origins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are spaced at intervals of approximately 40 kb. However, both measurements of replication fork rate and studies of hypomorphic alleles of genes encoding replication initiation proteins suggest the question of whether replication origins are more closely spaced than should be required. We approached this question by systematically deleting replicators from chromosome III. The first significant increase in loss rate detected for the 315-kb full-length chromosome occurred only after all five efficient chromosomal replicators in the left two-thirds of the chromosome (ARS305, ARS306, ARS307, ARS309, and ARS310) had been deleted. The removal of the inefficient replicator ARS308 from this originless region caused little or no additional increase in loss rate. Chromosome fragmentations that removed the normally inactive replicators on the left end of the chromosome or the replicators distal to ARS310 on the right arm showed that both groups of replicators contribute significantly to the maintenance of the originless chromosome. Surprisingly, a 142-kb derivative of chromosome III, lacking all sequences that function as autonomously replicating sequence elements in plasmids, replicated and segregated properly 97% of the time. Both the replication initiation protein ORC and telomeres or a linear topology were required for the maintenance of chromosome fragments lacking replicators.

scholarly journals Mechanism of MAT alpha donor preference during mating-type switching of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 657-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Wu ◽  
J K Moore ◽  
J E Haber
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Normal Donor ◽  
Alpha Cells ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Mating Type Switching ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right ◽  
Donor Preference

During homothallic switching of the mating-type (MAT) gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a- or alpha-specific sequences are replaced by opposite mating-type sequences copied from one of two silent donor loci, HML alpha or HMRa. The two donors lie at opposite ends of chromosome III, approximately 190 and 90 kb, respectively, from MAT. MAT alpha cells preferentially recombine with HMR, while MATa cells select HML. The mechanisms of donor selection are different for the two mating types. MATa cells, deleted for the preferred HML gene, efficiently use HMR as a donor. However, in MAT alpha cells, HML is not an efficient donor when HMR is deleted; consequently, approximately one-third of HO HML alpha MAT alpha hmr delta cells die because they fail to repair the HO endonuclease-induced double-strand break at MAT. MAT alpha donor preference depends not on the sequence differences between HML and HMR or their surrounding regions but on their chromosomal locations. Cloned HMR donors placed at three other locations to the left of MAT, on either side of the centromere, all fail to act as efficient donors. When the donor is placed 37 kb to the left of MAT, its proximity overcomes normal donor preference, but this position is again inefficiently used when additional DNA is inserted in between the donor and MAT to increase the distance to 62 kb. Donors placed to the right of MAT are efficiently recruited, and in fact a donor situated 16 kb proximal to HMR is used in preference to HMR. The cis-acting chromosomal determinants of MAT alpha preference are not influenced by the chromosomal orientation of MAT or by sequences as far as 6 kb from HMR. These data argue that there is an alpha-specific mechanism to inhibit the use of donors to the left of MAT alpha, causing the cell to recombine most often with donors to the right of MAT alpha.

scholarly journals Telomere position effect is regulated by heterochromatin-associated proteins and NkuA in Aspergillus nidulans

Microbiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (12) ◽  
pp. 3522-3531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Palmer ◽  
Sandeep Mallaredy ◽  
Dustin W. Perry ◽  
James F. Sanchez ◽  
Jeffrey M. Theisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Position Effect ◽  
Gene Repression ◽  
Telomere Position Effect ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Right ◽  
Subtelomeric Regions

Gene-silencing mechanisms are being shown to be associated with an increasing number of fungal developmental processes. Telomere position effect (TPE) is a eukaryotic phenomenon resulting in gene repression in areas immediately adjacent to telomere caps. Here, TPE is shown to regulate expression of transgenes on the left arm of chromosome III and the right arm of chromosome VI in Aspergillus nidulans. Phenotypes found to be associated with transgene repression included reduction in radial growth and the absence of sexual spores; however, these pleiotropic phenotypes were remedied when cultures were grown on media with appropriate supplementation. Simple radial growth and ascosporogenesis assays provided insights into the mechanism of TPE, including a means to determine its extent. These experiments revealed that the KU70 homologue (NkuA) and the heterochromatin-associated proteins HepA, ClrD and HdaA were partially required for transgene silencing. This study indicates that TPE extends at least 30 kb on chromosome III, suggesting that this phenomenon may be important for gene regulation in subtelomeric regions of A. nidulans.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document