Integrating 3D images using laboratory-based micro X-ray computed tomography and confocal X-ray fluorescence techniques

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Patterson ◽  
John Campbell ◽  
George J. Havrilla
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
3D Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescence Techniques ◽  
X Ray Computed

scholarly journals A study of the progression of damage in an axially loaded Branta leucopsis femur using X-ray computed tomography and digital image correlation

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zartasha Mustansar ◽  
Samuel A. McDonald ◽  
William Irvin Sellers ◽  
Phillip Lars Manning ◽  
Tristan Lowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Barnacle Goose ◽  
3D Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

This paper uses X-ray computed tomography to track the mechanical response of a vertebrate (Barnacle goose) long bone subjected to an axial compressive load, which is increased gradually until failure. A loading rig was mounted in an X-ray computed tomography system so that a time-lapse sequence of three-dimensional (3D) images of the bone’s internal (cancellous or trabecular) structure could be recorded during loading. Five distinct types of deformation mechanism were observed in the cancellous part of the bone. These were (i) cracking, (ii) thinning (iii) tearing of cell walls and struts, (iv) notch formation, (v) necking and (vi) buckling. The results highlight that bone experiences brittle (notch formation and cracking), ductile (thinning, tearing and necking) and elastic (buckling) modes of deformation. Progressive deformation, leading to cracking was studied in detail using digital image correlation. The resulting strain maps were consistent with mechanisms occurring at a finer-length scale. This paper is the first to capture time-lapse 3D images of a whole long bone subject to loading until failure. The results serve as a unique reference for researchers interested in how bone responds to loading. For those using computer modelling, the study not only provides qualitative information for verification and validation of their simulations but also highlights that constitutive models for bone need to take into account a number of different deformation mechanisms.

scholarly journals X-Ray Computed Tomography Analysis of Sajau Coal, Berau Basin, Indonesia: 3D Imaging of Cleat and Microcleat Characteristics

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Helman Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
High Density ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
3D Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bedding Planes ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Basin Area ◽  
Tomography Analysis

The Pliocene Sajau coals of the Berau Basin area have a moderately to highly developed cleat system. Mostly the cleat fractures are well developed in both bright and dull bands, and these cleats are generally inclined or perpendicular to the bedding planes of the seam. The presence of cleat networks/fractures in coal seam is the important point in coalbed methane prospect. The 3D X-ray computed tomography (CT) technique was performed to identify cleats characteristics in the Sajau coal seams, such as the direction of coal cleats, geometry of cleat, and cleats mineralization. By CT scan imaging technique two different types of natural fractures observed in Sajau coals have been identified, that is, face cleats and butt cleats. This technique also identified the direction of face cleats and butt cleats as shown in the resulting 3D images. Based on the images, face cleats show a NNE-SSW direction while butt cleats have a NW-SE direction. The crosscutting relationship indicated that NNE-SSW cleats were formed earlier than NW-SE cleats. The procedure also identified the types of minerals that filled the cleats apertures. Based on their density, the minerals are categorized as follows: very high density minerals (pyrite), high density minerals (anastase), and low density minerals (kaolinite, calcite) were identified filling the cleats aperture.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) MOLECULAR WEIGHT ON ITS TERNARY POLYMER BLENDS MICRO–STRUCTURE USING X–RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1B) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Hoa T. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
3D Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Ternary Polymer

A high–contrast X–ray computed tomography (XCT) applied to the ternary polymer blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polypropylene (PP) and polyamide 12 (PA12), we investigated micro–structure three–dimensional (3D) images of blends with gradually increasing of molecular weight (Mw) of PMMA. The 1:1:1 mixture of PMMA/PP/PA12 were prepared by mixing on an internal mixer at 200 °C, then annealing at 200 °C under compressor of 5 MPa in order to restore the crystalline structure of polymer blends. After that, blends were compressed molding and cooled by water. Finally, they were stored in the vacuum oven at the same annealing temperature before taking XCT and then rendering to 3D images. Changing various methods of annealing time, we could observe vary 3D internal structure clearly of these blends. We also conclude the effect between Mw of PMMA and the morphologies of these ternary polymer blends.

scholarly journals An improved method for the segmentation of roots from X-Ray computed tomography 3D images: Rootine v.2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Phalempin ◽  
Eva Lippold ◽  
Doris Vetterlein ◽  
Steffen Schlueter
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Root System ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
3D Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

<p>X-ray computed tomography (CT) is acknowledged as a powerful tool for the study of root system architecture (RSA) of plants grown in soil. The study of the root system properties is however only possible after performing root segmentation, i.e. the binarization of all root voxels. Root segmentation is often regarded as a tedious and difficult task as its success depends on several factors such as the image resolution, the signal to noise during image acquisition and the gray value contrast between the roots and all other surrounding features. Here, we present an improved method for the segmentation of roots from X-Ray computed tomography 3D images. The algorithm Rootine (Gao et al. 2019) does not detect roots by their gray values but by their characteristic tubular shape. This algorithm was further developed in order to improve the root recovery rate and to reduce the number of parameters involved during the segmentation process. This was achieved by adding two key steps: (1) an absolute difference transform and (2) an automatic calculation of the parameters used during the Gaussian smoothing. The first step allows for targeting specific features based on a gray value criteria contained within a user-defined gray value range in order to better distinguish roots from pores whereas the second step allows for targeting root segments of specific diameters. On the benchmark dataset of Gao et al. 2019, the newly called “Rootine v.2” was able to recover 34 % more roots as compared to its preceding version. Moreover, the number of parameters was reduced from 10 down to 5 which allows for a faster calibration and an overall better usability of the algorithm. The presented method also allows for a more reliable estimation of root diameter derived from X-Ray CT images. This work was carried out in the framework of the priority programme 2089 “Rhizosphere spatiotemporal organization - a key to rhizosphere functions” funded by DFG (project number 403640293).</p>

X-Ray Computed Tomography of Ultralightweight Metals

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-211
Author(s):  
J. M. Winter ◽  
R. E. Green ◽  
A. M. Waters ◽  
W. H. Green
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

scholarly journals Nano- scale X-ray Computed Tomography: Morphological Analysis of Fuel Cell Electrodes

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (S2) ◽  
pp. 630-631
Author(s):  
P. Mandal ◽  
W.K. Epting ◽  
S. Litster
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Fuel Cell Electrodes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
X Ray Computed

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.

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