Management Schemes, not Philopatry or Breeding Experience, Affect Nest Success of Songbirds in Vermont Hayfields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie Denny ◽  
Noah Perlut ◽  
Allan Strong
Keyword(s):  
Nest Success ◽  
Breeding Experience ◽  
Management Schemes

scholarly journals The Influence of Breeding Experience on Nest Success in Red-Winged Blackbird

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Linz ◽  
Richard S. Sawin ◽  
Mark W. Lutman
Keyword(s):  
Nest Success ◽  
Breeding Experience

A Survey on Hierarchical Cluster Based Secure Routing Protocols and Key Management Schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Yugashree Bhadane ◽  
Pooja Kadam
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Key Management ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Cluster Based Routing

Now days, wireless technology is one of the center of attention for users and researchers. Wireless network is a network having large number of sensor nodes and hence called as “Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)”. WSN monitors and senses the environment of targeted area. The sensor nodes in WSN transmit data to the base station depending on the application. These sensor nodes communicate with each other and routing is selected on the basis of routing protocols which are application specific. Based on network structure, routing protocols in WSN can be divided into two categories: flat routing, hierarchical or cluster based routing, location based routing. Out of these, hierarchical or cluster based routing is becoming an active branch of routing technology in WSN. To allow base station to receive unaltered or original data, routing protocol should be energy-efficient and secure. To fulfill this, Hierarchical or Cluster base routing protocol for WSN is the most energy-efficient among other routing protocols. Hence, in this paper, we present a survey on different hierarchical clustered routing techniques for WSN. We also present the key management schemes to provide security in WSN. Further we study and compare secure hierarchical routing protocols based on various criteria.

New advanced designed systems to ensure safeguard of the territory and preservation of water resources for irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Cinalberto Bertozzi ◽  
Fabio Paglione
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Water Board ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Innovative Techniques ◽  
River Po ◽  
Crop Irrigation

The Burana Land-Reclamation Board is an interregional water board operating in three regions and five provinces. The Burana Land-Reclamation Board operates over a land area of about 250,000 hectares between the Rivers Secchia, Panaro and Samoggia, which forms the drainage basin of the River Panaroand part of the Burana-Po di Volano, from the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines to the River Po. Its main tasks are the conservation and safeguarding of the territory, with particular attention to water resources and how they are used, ensuring rainwater drainage from urban centres, avoiding flooding but ensuringwater supply for crop irrigation in the summer to combat drought. Since the last century the Burana Land-Reclamation Board has been using innovative techniques in the planning of water management schemes designed to achieve the above aims, improving the management of water resources while keeping a constant eye on protection of the environment.

Inter-individual differences in the foraging behavior of breeding Adélie penguins are driven by individual quality and sex

2020 ◽  
Vol 636 ◽  
pp. 189-205
Author(s):  
A Lescroël ◽  
PO’B Lyver ◽  
D Jongsomjit ◽  
S Veloz ◽  
KM Dugger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Individual Quality ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Breeding Experience ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Demographic Traits ◽  
Iteroparous Species ◽  
Adélie Penguins

Inter-individual differences in demographic traits of iteroparous species can arise through learning and maturation, as well as from permanent differences in individual ‘quality’ and sex-specific constraints. As the ability to acquire energy determines the resources an individual can allocate to reproduction and self-maintenance, foraging behavior is a key trait to study to better understand the mechanisms underlying these differences. So far, most seabird studies have focused on the effect of maturation and learning processes on foraging performance, while only a few have included measures of individual quality. Here, we investigated the effects of age, breeding experience, sex, and individual breeding quality on the foraging behavior and location of 83 known-age Adélie penguins at Cape Bird, Ross Sea, Antarctica. Over a 2 yr period, we showed that (1) high-quality birds dived deeper than lower quality ones, apparently catching a higher number of prey per dive and targeting different foraging locations; (2) females performed longer foraging trips and a higher number of dives compared to males; (3) there were no significant age-related differences in foraging behavior; and (4) breeding experience had a weak influence on foraging behavior. We suggest that high-quality individuals have higher physiological ability, enabling them to dive deeper and forage more effectively. Further inquiry should focus on determining the physiological differences among penguins of different quality.

The Control of Pollution from River Discharges in the Mediterranean

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 229-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil H. Mancy
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Marine Management ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
The Mediterranean

The pollution burden of river discharges in the Mediterranean far exceeds all other sources, e.g. land based sources. The main contributors are the Rhone, Po and Ebro. Contributions from the River Nile are expected to be much less than those from rivers in the European continent. Recent Nile management schemes and irrigation projects in Egypt are posing direct impacts on the Mediterranean. This includes the erosion of the Nile Delta and off-shore pollution due to wastewater discharges. In view of the prevailing circulation patterns in the Mediterranean, these impacts are dominant in the South Levantin region. Cutrent practices of river management do not necessarily include the protection of marine resources. Similarly, sea protection programs do not include pollution from sources in the river basin. Marine management programs are largely concerned with pollution loads at the points of river discharge. In the case of a land-locked sea, such as the Mediterranean, it is particularly important to integrate river basin management schemes in the sea protection program. Under a suitable management plan, it could be possible to determine main sources of sea pollution within the river basin. This should serve as the basis for the implementation of control measures, since the problem is not exclusively within the river basin.

scholarly journals Fishery Logistics Insurance Management Schemes

2012 ◽  
Vol 6-7 ◽  
pp. 773-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Insurance Contract ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Exact Probability ◽  
Supply Chain Contract ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Contract Signing ◽  
Risk Insurance

The intense competition of global markets and consumers' high expectations forced enterprises to invest and concentrate on the relationship with their customers and suppliers. The growing interest in supply chain management, both in developed and developing countries in the fisheries. With the catastrophic events in the fisheries supply chain, the diversity of the fisheries risk and insurance issues become increasingly important. However, participants in the supply chain is a separate and independent economic entities, and only consider their own interests. In this article, the fisheries supply chain insurance contract on the basis of the model and the diversity of the fisheries risk and insurance policy issues, the behavior of each participant. In this article, the diversity of the fisheries supply chain risk and insurance process, the lack of sufficient knowledge of the fisheries supply chain contract signing or the exact probability of the insured event, the fisheries supply chain risk insurance companies use the information provided by the fisheries supply chain contract signature the signing of the contract or the behavior of the fisheries supply chain insurers of people insured or fisheries supply chain and fisheries supply chain in order to establish the parameters of the insurance contract of the fisheries supply chain.

scholarly journals Circular economy in the construction sector: advancing environmental performance through systemic and holistic thinking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Sparrevik ◽  
Luitzen de Boer ◽  
Ottar Michelsen ◽  
Christofer Skaar ◽  
Haley Knudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Recursive Structure ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Environmental Effectiveness ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe construction sector is progressively becoming more circular by reducing waste, re-using building materials and adopting regenerative solutions for energy production and biodiversity protection. The implications of circularity on construction activities are complex and require the careful evaluation of impacts to select the appropriate path forward. Evaluations of circular solutions and their environmental effectiveness are often performed based on various types of life cycle-based impact assessments. This paper uses systemic thinking to map and evaluate different impact assessment methodologies and their implications for a shift to more circular solutions. The following systemic levels are used to group the methodologies: product (material life cycle declarations and building assessments), organisation (certification and management schemes) and system (policies, standards and regulations). The results confirm that circular economy is integrated at all levels. However, development and structure are not coordinated or governed unidirectionally, but rather occur simultaneously at different levels. This recursive structure is positive if the methods are applied in the correct context, thus providing both autonomy and cohesion in decision making. Methods at lower systemic levels may then improve production processes and stimulate the market to create circular and innovative building solutions, whereas methods at higher systemic levels can be used, for example, by real estate builders, trade organisations and governments to create incentives for circular development and innovation in a broader perspective. Use of the performance methods correctly within an actor network is therefore crucial for successful and effective implementation of circular economy in the construction sector.

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