scholarly journals Form and function relationships revealed by long-term research in a semiarid mountain catchment

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. McNamara ◽  
Shawn G. Benner ◽  
Michael J. Poulos ◽  
Jennifer L. Pierce ◽  
David G. Chandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Form And Function ◽  
Mountain Catchment ◽  
And Function

Composite crown-form crowns for severely decayed primary molars: a technique for restoring function and esthetics

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Ram ◽  
Benny Peretz
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
And Function ◽  
Esthetic Dentistry ◽  
Crown Form

Current developments in esthetic dentistry center around new techniques and materials that improve the ability of the clinician to provide esthetic services. This article describes a step-by-step method of placing composite crown-form crowns on severely decayed primary mandibular molars. The described technique allows for restoring, as close as possible, form and function lost to caries in an esthetic mode in cases of severely decayed primary molars that would have required stainless steel crowns had they been treated traditionally. Disadvantages of this treatment mode are that dryness may not be prevented in the proximal margins, especially where subgingival carious involvement is encountered and the margin areas may be contaminated with gingival fluid or blood. Although no long-term follow-up has been reported for the technique, when strong opposition by the parent or child to the stainless steel crown is encountered, and a desire for esthetic restoration is strongly expressed, the composite crown-form crowns may be considered as an alternative.

scholarly journals Synaptic plasticity and cognitive function are disrupted in the absence of Lrp4

eLife ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea M Gomez ◽  
Robert C Froemke ◽  
Steven J Burden
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
Ca1 Neurons ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Hippocampal Ca3 ◽  
And Function ◽  
Apical Dendrites

Lrp4, the muscle receptor for neuronal Agrin, is expressed in the hippocampus and areas involved in cognition. The function of Lrp4 in the brain, however, is unknown, as Lrp4−/− mice fail to form neuromuscular synapses and die at birth. Lrp4−/− mice, rescued for Lrp4 expression selectively in muscle, survive into adulthood and showed profound deficits in cognitive tasks that assess learning and memory. To learn whether synapses form and function aberrantly, we used electrophysiological and anatomical methods to study hippocampal CA3–CA1 synapses. In the absence of Lrp4, the organization of the hippocampus appeared normal, but the frequency of spontaneous release events and spine density on primary apical dendrites were reduced. CA3 input was unable to adequately depolarize CA1 neurons to induce long-term potentiation. Our studies demonstrate a role for Lrp4 in hippocampal function and suggest that patients with mutations in Lrp4 or auto-antibodies to Lrp4 should be evaluated for neurological deficits.

Sovereign Wealth Funds and the Global Political Economy of Trust and Legitimacy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Clark ◽  
Adam D. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Sovereign Wealth Funds ◽  
Global Political Economy ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Current State ◽  
And Function

This chapter unpacks the concepts of trust and legitimacy as they pertain to sovereign funds in the global political economy. Its argument is divided into three parts. First, the importance of trust in finance and geopolitics, and the critical role of transparency, and how this relates to sovereign funds. Second, the legitimacy of sovereign funds at home and abroad in general with particular reference to how the regulatory regime surrounding public institutional investors in developed democracies is emulated in the Santiago Principles, and why it is significant for understanding the legitimacy of sovereign funds. Third, the current state of trust and legitimacy for sovereign funds is evaluated, with an explanation of why the continued opacity of some sovereign funds has not reduced trustworthiness. The chapter concludes on a speculative note, suggesting that the expected institutional form and function of sovereign funds may be at odds with the long-term interests of their state-sponsors.

Prophylactic Measures to Prevent Soft Tissue Abnormalities after Trauma

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (06) ◽  
pp. 639-642
Author(s):  
Mofiyinfolu Sokoya ◽  
Yadranko Ducic ◽  
Raja Sawhney
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Soft Tissue Healing ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Tissue Abnormalities ◽  
And Function

AbstractThe goal of any reconstructive procedure is a complete return to premorbid form and function. Unfortunately, a return of pretraumatic form is routinely not considered during surgical planning. This leads to uncontrolled contracture of the soft tissue elements and permanent disfigurement. The goal of this article is to review interventions that improve soft tissue healing and long-term outcomes.

Conclusion: Form and Function in the Twenty-First Century

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Clark ◽  
Adam D. Dixon ◽  
Ashby H. B. Monk
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
First Century ◽  
Investment Management ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Investment Decision Making ◽  
And Function ◽  
Conceptual Foundations ◽  
Current Paradigm

This chapter looks to the future and rehearses the argument about form and function, recognizing that today's ideal form of the sovereign wealth fund (SWF) is based on two sets of rules: those related to who is responsible for investment decision-making and those related to the conceptual foundations of investment practice. Thereafter, it suggests that the form of SWFs may not be stable over the long term; the challenge facing SWFs is, in part, about transcending traditional forms of investment management in favor of a genuine commitment to long-term investment in the interest of both the SWF and the sovereign. The chapter argues that transcending the current paradigm may necessitate the transformation of the form of SWFs such that they become strategic investors rather than portfolio investors, knitting together their sponsors' geopolitical interests with investment management.

How to Create Ideal Alar Form and Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 034-045
Author(s):  
Richard E. Davis ◽  
Erin T. Ostby
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Nasal Tip ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
And Function ◽  
Fully Functioning

AbstractRefinement of the unsightly nasal tip lobule is one of the most common, yet also one of the most challenging aspects of cosmetic and functional rhinoplasty. In addition to meticulous analysis and precise surgical modification of the tip complex itself, successful tip refinement must also take into account the surrounding nose, especially the adjacent alar lobules. Unless the modified tip complex harmonizes with the adjacent alar lobules to form a symmetric, aesthetically pleasing, and fully functioning nasal base, tip refinement will inevitably fail. Structural interdependency between the alar lobules, the tip cartilages, and the nasal septum (and the myriad individual variations therein) make controlled alar complex refinement a formidable and complex undertaking. Long-term success is contingent upon understanding the full scope of structural tip dynamics, including not only the primary effects of tip refinement, but also potentially undesirable secondary effects that may deform the alae and thus compromise the surgical outcome.

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