P04.01: Evaluation of anatomy and function of cardiovascular system in fetuses at 11.0 to 13.6 weeks of gestation

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-552
Author(s):  
J. Dangel ◽  
A. Hamela-Olkowska ◽  
K. Jalinik
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
And Function

Extracellular vesicle interplay in cardiovascular pathophysiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherin Saheera ◽  
Vivek P Jani ◽  
Kenneth W Witwer ◽  
Shelby Kutty
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Lipid Bilayer ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Cargo Proteins ◽  
And Function ◽  
Intercellular Communications ◽  
Rna And Dna

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer-delimited particles released from cells that mediate intercellular communications and play a pivotal role in various physiological and pathological processes. Subtypes of EVs may include plasma-membrane ectosomes or microvesicles and endosomal-origin exosomes, although functional distinctions remain unclear. EVs carry cargo proteins, nucleic acids (RNA and DNA), lipids, and metabolites. By presenting or transferring this cargo to recipient cells, EVs can trigger cellular responses. Here, we summarize what is known about EV biogenesis, composition, and function, with an emphasis on the role of EVs in cardiovascular system. Additionally, we provide an update on the function of EVs in cardiovascular pathophysiology, further highlighting their potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

scholarly journals Mercury Exposure and Heart Diseases

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Genchi ◽  
Maria Stefania Sinicropi ◽  
Alessia Carocci ◽  
Graziantonio Lauria ◽  
Alessia Catalano
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Mercury Exposure ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
System Control ◽  
Cardiac Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
And Function

Environmental contamination has exposed humans to various metal agents, including mercury. It has been determined that mercury is not only harmful to the health of vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and children, but is also toxic to ordinary adults in various ways. For many years, mercury was used in a wide variety of human activities. Nowadays, the exposure to this metal from both natural and artificial sources is significantly increasing. Recent studies suggest that chronic exposure, even to low concentration levels of mercury, can cause cardiovascular, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and carcinogenicity. Possible biological effects of mercury, including the relationship between mercury toxicity and diseases of the cardiovascular system, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, are being studied. As heart rhythm and function are under autonomic nervous system control, it has been hypothesized that the neurotoxic effects of mercury might also impact cardiac autonomic function. Mercury exposure could have a long-lasting effect on cardiac parasympathetic activity and some evidence show that mercury exposure might affect heart rate variability, particularly early exposures in children. The mechanism by which mercury produces toxic effects on the cardiovascular system is not fully elucidated, but this mechanism is believed to involve an increase in oxidative stress. The exposure to mercury increases the production of free radicals, potentially because of the role of mercury in the Fenton reaction and a reduction in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase. In this review we report an overview on the toxicity of mercury and focus our attention on the toxic effects on the cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals Evidence That Undernutrition During the First Trimester of Pregnancy Influences Development and Function of the Cardiovascular System in Female Offspring in Cattle.

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 281-281
Author(s):  
Francesca Mossa ◽  
Siobhan W. Walsh ◽  
Thomas B. Hildebrandt ◽  
David A. Kenny ◽  
Pat Lonergan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals State of cardiovascular system in employees with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with arterial hypertension in terms of exposure to toxic games

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
L. A. Panacheva ◽  
L. A. Shpagina
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function ◽  
Large Vessels

Objective. Identification of the features of the cardiovascular system damage in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combined with arterial hypertension (AH) in workers exposed to toxic gases (TG). Materials and methods. 132 house painters and paint production workers of the Novosibirsk aviation enterprise were included in 3 strata and examined: I-COPD and TG; II-COPD in combination with AH when exposed to TG; III COPD in combination with AH without exposure to TG. Employees of all strata were divided by length of service less than 10 and more than 10 years. The selection of workers in groups was carried out by a continuous method. Results. The most pronounced changes on the ECG, regardless of the length of service, were observed in workers with COPD in combination with hypertension and contact with TG (levogram and metabolic changes in the myocardium). When exposed to TG for more than 10 years, hypertrophy of the left parts of the heart was also detected. Among workers with COPD in combination with hypertension exposed to TG, the indicators of average pulmonary artery pressure (APAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) elevated with increasing work experience; changes in the structure and function of the right and left parts of the heart and signs of remodeling of large vessels were also revealed. The same workers showed more pronounced changes in the daily blood pressure profile (DBPP) of AP with the prevalence of Non-dippers and Night-pickers. Conclusions. Among workers suffering from comorbid pathology, with increasing duration of TG exposure over 10 years, there were observed the most pronounced ECG changes (deviation of electrical axis to the left, metabolic changes in the myocardium, hypertrophy of the left heart); increased APAP and PVR 1.21 and 1.10 times; changes in the structure and function of the right and left chambers of the heart, remodeling of large vessels; increase in the frequency of variants of the DBPP of Non-dippers and Night-pickers.

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