scholarly journals Biplanar ultrasound investigation of in vivo Achilles tendon displacement non-uniformity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauri Stenroth ◽  
Darryl Thelen ◽  
Jason Franz
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Ultrasound Investigation

Characterization of in vivo Achilles tendon forces in rabbits during treadmill locomotion at varying speeds and inclinations

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1647-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. West ◽  
Natalia Juncosa ◽  
Marc T. Galloway ◽  
Gregory P. Boivin ◽  
David L. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Treadmill Locomotion

scholarly journals Gender Difference in Architectural and Mechanical Properties of Medial Gastrocnemius–Achilles Tendon Unit In Vivo

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Liqin Deng ◽  
Xini Zhang ◽  
Songlin Xiao ◽  
Baofeng Wang ◽  
Weijie Fu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Exercise Habits ◽  
Vertical Stiffness

This study aims to explore whether gender differences exist in the architectural and mechanical properties of the medial gastrocnemius–Achilles tendon unit (gMTU) in vivo. Thirty-six healthy male and female adults without training experience and regular exercise habits were recruited. The architectural and mechanical properties of the gMTU were measured via an ultrasonography system and MyotonPRO, respectively. Independent t-tests were utilized to quantify the gender difference in the architectural and mechanical properties of the gMTU. In terms of architectural properties, the medial gastrocnemius (MG)’s pennation angle and thickness were greater in males than in females, whereas no substantial gender difference was observed in the MG’s fascicle length; the males possessed Achilles tendons (ATs) with a longer length and a greater cross-sectional area than females. In terms of mechanical properties, the MG’s vertical stiffness was lower and the MG’s logarithmic decrement was greater in females than in males. Both genders had no remarkable difference in the AT’s vertical stiffness and logarithmic decrement. Gender differences of individuals without training experience and regular exercise habits exist in the architectural and mechanical properties of the gMTU in vivo. The MG’s force-producing capacities, ankle torque, mechanical efficiency and peak power were higher in males than in females. The load-resisting capacities of AT were greater and the MG strain was lesser in males than in females. These findings suggest that males have better physical fitness, speed and performance in power-based sports events than females from the perspective of morphology and biomechanics.

Geometric and Elastic Properties of in vivo Human Achilles Tendon in Young Adults

2004 ◽  
Vol 178 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Muraoka ◽  
Tadashi Muramatsu ◽  
Tetsuo Fukunaga ◽  
Hiroaki Kanehisa
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Elastic Properties

Nonuniform strain of human soleus aponeurosis-tendon complex during submaximal voluntary contractions in vivo

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 829-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taija Finni ◽  
John A. Hodgson ◽  
Alex M. Lai ◽  
V. Reggie Edgerton ◽  
Shantanu Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Voluntary Contractions ◽  
Nonuniform Strain

The distribution of strain along the soleus aponeurosis tendon was examined during voluntary contractions in vivo. Eight subjects performed cyclic isometric contractions (20 and 40% of maximal voluntary contraction). Displacement and strain in the apparent Achilles tendon and in the aponeurosis were calculated from cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance images acquired with a field of view of 32 cm. The apparent Achilles tendon lengthened 2.8 and 4.7% in 20 and 40% maximal voluntary contraction, respectively. The midregion of the aponeurosis, below the gastrocnemius insertion, lengthened 1.2 and 2.2%, but the distal aponeurosis shortened 2.1 and 2.5%, respectively. There was considerable variation in the three-dimensional anatomy of the aponeurosis and muscle-tendon junction. We suggest that the nonuniformity in aponeurosis strain within an individual was due to the presence of active and passive motor units along the length of the muscle, causing variable force along the measurement site. Force transmission along intrasoleus connective tissue may also be a significant source of nonuniform strain in the aponeurosis.

scholarly journals A Novel Kartogenin-Releasing Polymer Scaffold Promotes Wounded Rat Achilles Tendon Enthesis Healing

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0053
Author(s):  
Jianying Zhang ◽  
Daibang Nie ◽  
Guangyi Zhao ◽  
Susheng Tan ◽  
MaCalus Hogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Polymer Scaffold ◽  
Normal Medium ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Tendon Stem Cells

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Entheses have a special fibrocartilage transition zone where tendons and ligaments attach to bone. Enthesis injury is very common, and the reattachment of tendon to bone is a great challenge because healing takes place between a soft tissue (tendon) and a hard tissue (bone). We have now developed a kartogene (KGN)-containing polymer scaffold (KGN-P) that can precisely deliver KGN to damaged enthesis area. The effects of the KGN-containing polymer on the healing of wounded TBJ were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The proliferation and chondrogenesis of rat Achilles tendon stem cells (TSCs) grown in four conditions were measured: normal medium (Control); normal medium with 100 nM KGN (KGN); lysine diisocyanate (LDI)-glycerol scaffold with normal medium (LDI-P); LDI-glycerol-KGN scaffold with normal medium (KGN-P).A wound (1 mm) was created on each hind leg Achilles enthesis of all 8 rats (3 months old). The wounds were then treated either with 10 ul saline (Wound); or 10 ul of 10 uM KGN (KGN); or LDI polymer scaffold (LDI-P); or KGN-containing polymer scaffold (KGN-P). The rats were sacrificed on day 15 and 30 post-surgery, and their Achilles entheses were collected for gross inspection and histochemical analysis. Results: KGN-containing polymers have sponge-like structures (Fig. 1A-D), and release KGN in a time- and temperature-dependent manner (Fig. 1E). KGN-P scaffold induced chondrogenesis of TSCs (Fig. 2D, 2H) without changing cell proliferation (Fig. 2I), and enhanced fibrocartilage-like tissue formation (Fig. 3E). KGN (Fig. 3C) and LDI-P (Fig. 3D) treated groups exhibited unhealed wound areas as in saline group (Fig. 3B). Finally, KGN-P and KGN treated rat TSCs underwent chondrogenesis by upregulating collagen II, aggrecan, and SOX-9 expression (Fig. 3F). Conclusion: Our results showed that KGN-containing polymer scaffold enhanced wounded enthesis healing by inducing TSC chondrogenesis and promoting the formation of the fibrocartilage in the wound site. The KGN-P may be used for regeneration of wounded entheses in clinical settings. Future research will focus on optimizing KGN concentration and releasing rate in the polymer scaffold during enthesis healing.

scholarly journals Ultrasound investigation of vastus medialis oblique muscle architecture: An in-vivo study

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
Shendy Engelina ◽  
Antonios Tony ◽  
Claire Robertson ◽  
Alban Killingback ◽  
Philip Adds
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Architecture ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Oblique Muscle ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Ultrasound Investigation

Alterations in the In Vivo Torque-Velocity Relationship After Achilles Tendon Rupture Further Evidence of Speed-Specific Impairment

1992 ◽  
Vol &NA; (279) ◽  
pp. 237???245 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN D. WASHBURN ◽  
VINCENT J. CAIOZZO ◽  
CHRIS A. WILLS ◽  
BERNARD J. HUNT ◽  
CARLOS A. PRIETTO
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Velocity Relationship

Quantification of Achilles Tendon Force Enhancement by Passively Induced Dorsiflexion Stretches

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Nicol ◽  
Paavo V. Komi
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Female Subject ◽  
Plateau Phase ◽  
Force Enhancement ◽  
Surface Electrodes ◽  
Twitch Response ◽  
Tendon Force ◽  
The Right ◽  
Passive Stretch

Magnitude of the reflex contribution to force enhancement was investigated in vivo during passive stretches of the Achilles tendon (AT) of one female subject. Thirty passive (5 × 6) dorsiflexions were induced by a motorized ankle ergometer. Achilles tendon force (ATF) was sensed by a buckle transducer applied surgically around the right AT. Single passive stretches resulted in a low but rather linear ATF increase in the absence of EMG (surface electrodes) activity. In the presence of reflexes, a clear ATF enhancement occurred 13–15 ms after the beginning of the EMG reflex responses. In double dorsiflexions at either 1.2 or 1.9 rad · s-1, which were separated by a maintained stretched position of either 40 or 90 ms, the first stretch resulted in initial linear ATF increase, followed by an additional force enhancement during the plateau phase. This reflexly induced increase represented 94 ± 4 N and 184 ± 1 N, respectively, for the 40 and the 90 ms plateaus, corresponding to 210 ± 85% and 486 ± 177% enhancements as compared to the first passive stretch effect. The results suggest further that timing of the stretch during the twitch response influences the magnitude and rate of force potentiation.

Structural Characterization of a Biogenic Secretion Extracted from the Tendon or Ligament in Rabbits for Artificial Ligament Formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 786-791
Author(s):  
Toru Kuzumaki ◽  
Tatsuya Yamaguchi ◽  
Kengo Shimozaki ◽  
Junsuke Nakase ◽  
Kojun Torigoe
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Artificial Ligament ◽  
Model Method ◽  
Basic Investigation

Thus far, our research group has conducted a basic investigation for the development of an artificial ligament, which was performed by utilizing a biogenic secretion that was derived from the Achilles tendon in mice; this was achieved using the film model method. In this study, an attempt has been made to derive a biogenic secretion from the Achilles tendon (tendon gel) and the medial collateral ligament (ligament gel) in rabbits. Subsequently, a discussion was carried out on the possibility of forming a ligament-like structure that was based on the structural, mechanical, and spectroscopic investigations. The tendon gel was successfully formed from a parent tendon that was preserved in vivo for 3, 5, 10, and 15 d. Further, an aligned collagen fiber emerged in the tendon gel, which was subjected to tension on every preservation date. Further, the mechanical behavior of the tendon gel specimens was classified in two groups. The values of the Young's modulus of the specimens preserved for 10 and 15 d were higher than those of the specimens preserved for 3 and 5 d. Within the range of this experimental condition, the aligned collagen fiber structure was formed by applying a tension of approximately greater than 0.05 N. Conversely, only a 10-d preservation period yielded a sufficient amount of ligament gel for the experiment. Notably, the volume of ligament gel was less than that of the tendon gel. In the ligament gel specimen without the synovial membrane, the collagen fiber structure was formed by applying a tension, which was similar to that experienced by the tendon gel specimen. However, the cross-linking and growth of collagen fibers in the ligament gel samples were insignificant as compared with those of the tendon gel samples.

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