In vitro effects of the teratogen and folic acid antagonist, 9-methyl pteroylglutamic acid, on glycosaminoglycan accumulation in fetal rat limbs

Teratology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Schmidt ◽  
Patricia K. Abbott ◽  
Jerome M. Cotler
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Folic Acid Antagonist ◽  
Acid Antagonist ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Pteroylglutamic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Effects

The Use of Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Letendre ◽  
Douglas J. DeJong ◽  
Donald R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Systemic Administration ◽  
Refractory Disease ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Folic Acid Antagonist ◽  
Acid Antagonist

The use of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis is reviewed. Methotrexate, a folic acid antagonist, is sometimes employed in an attempt to symptomatically control patients whose disease does not respond adequately to conventional therapies. Systemic administration of 7.5–15 mg/wk in a “pulse” fashion appears to be effective without precipitating severe adverse effects. However, concern over potentially serious side effects and a lack of well-controlled clinical trials have limited its use to severe, refractory disease. Further studies are needed before its role in rheumatoid arthritis can justifiably be expanded.

Effects of the teratogenic folic acid antagonist, 9-methyl pteroylglutamic acid, on hydroxyproline levels in fetal rat limbs

Development ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
R. R. Schmidt ◽  
K. P. Chepenik ◽  
B. V. Paynton
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Skeletal Malformations ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Pteroylglutamic Acid ◽  
Limb Malformations ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Rate Of Accumulation

Pregnant rats were subjected to either a folic-acid-deficient regimen that produces multiple congenital skeletal malformations, or a control folic-acid-supplemented regimen. Fetal limbs were extirpated on days 16 and 18 of gestation, pooled from each litter, homogenized, and aliquots set aside for hydroxyproline, protein and DNA determinations. We found that (1) the amount of protein recovered per treated limb was approximately half that of controls on both days, (2) the amount of protein recovered per treated or controlday-18 limb was twice that of a day-16 limb, (3) treated limbs constituted the same percentage of total body weight as in controls on day 16, but a smaller percentage than in controls on day 18, and (4) the concentration of hydroxyproline (μg/mg protein) was significantly less for treated limbs than for controls on day 18 of gestation. We noted also that: (1) lowest hydroxyproline concentrations were found in limbs from treated fetuses with gross limb malformations, (2) intermediate concentrations were found in limbs of treated fetuses not exhibiting gross limb malformations, and (3) highest concentrations were found in control limbs. We suggest that the treatment resulted in (1) a decreased rate of accumulation of protein in limbs prior to day 16, but not from day 16 to day 18, (2) a decreased rate of accumulation of some non-protein component(s) in treated limbs from day 16 to day 18, and (3) an altered collagen metabolism.

Folic acid antagonist use before and during pregnancy and risk for selected birth defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (18) ◽  
pp. 1526-1540
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Kerr ◽  
Samantha E. Parker ◽  
Allen A. Mitchell ◽  
Sarah C. Tinker ◽  
Martha M. Werler
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Folic Acid Antagonist ◽  
Acid Antagonist

Precipitation of Menstrual Bleeding in Monkeys by a Folic Acid Antagonist

Science ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 112 (2901) ◽  
pp. 147-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. X. Zarrow ◽  
F. L. Hisaw ◽  
H. A. Salhanick
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Folic Acid Antagonist ◽  
Acid Antagonist
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