Oxygen consumption in normal and trypan blue-treated chick embryos

Stanley Kaplan; E. Marshall Johnson

doi:10.1002/tera.1420010403

Analysis of trypan blue-induced rumplessness in chick embryos

Journal of Experimental Zoology ◽

10.1002/jez.1401650302 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 165 (3) ◽

pp. 325-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Stanley Kaplan ◽

Casimer T. Grabowski

Keyword(s):

Trypan Blue ◽

Chick Embryos

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Oxygen consumption by chick embryos exposed to mechanical (shaking) stress

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1979.46.2.298 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 298-301

Author(s):

R. R. Schmidt ◽

S. Kaplan ◽

J. J. Smith

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Chick Embryos ◽

O2 Consumption ◽

In Ovo ◽

Consumption Values ◽

Induced Stress ◽

Early Return ◽

Functionally Impaired ◽

First Time

Stage 34 (8-day) and 41 (15-day) chick embryos (Gallus gallus; in ovo) were exposed (3 min) to two separate amounts of mechanical (shaking) stress. Oxygen consumption determinations, following a temperature equilibration period (60 min), were made on entire, intact eggs using a Warburg apparatus equipped with 130-ml flasks modified to hold the egg. Shaking at 300 excursions per minute (epm) resulted in depressed O2 consumption by stages 34 and 41. Only stage 34 embryos had markedly depressed O2 consumption values when shaken at 100 epm. When exposed to 300 epm and reincubated for either 1, 2, or 4 hr prior to O2 consumption determinations stage 34 embryos, following an early return to control levels exhibited a marked fall in O2 consumption by 4 h reincubation. The stage 41 embryos, on the other hand, demonstrated a gradual rise to control O2 consumption levels by 4 h reincubation. Oxygen consumption has now been shown for the first time in an embryonic system (at two distinct developmental stages) to be functionally impaired by mechanically induced stress.

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Teratogenic effects of direct injection of aqueous and protein-bound trypan blue into the bloodstream of 3-day chick embryos

Teratology ◽

10.1002/tera.1420030309 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 269-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Stanley Kaplan ◽

E. Marshall Johnson

Keyword(s):

Trypan Blue ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Chick Embryos ◽

Teratogenic Effects

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Cell Population Growth and Area Expansion in Early Chick Embryos During Normal and Abnormal Morphogenesis in vitro. (trypan blue, chick embryo/teratogenesis/cell population growth/blastoderm expansion)

Development Growth & Differentiation ◽

10.1111/j.1440-169x.1991.00605.x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 605-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Satish K. Ghatpande ◽

Leela Mulherkar ◽

Sohan P. Modak

Keyword(s):

Chick Embryo ◽

Population Growth ◽

Cell Population ◽

Trypan Blue ◽

Chick Embryos ◽

Cell Population Growth ◽

Morphogenesis In Vitro ◽

Area Expansion

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The Effects of Trypan Blue on Chick Embryos Cultured in vitro

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.8.1.1 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Leela Mulherkar

Keyword(s):

Trypan Blue ◽

Teratogenic Effect ◽

Chick Embryos ◽

Cent Solution ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Vital Dye ◽

Amphibian Embryos ◽

Set Up ◽

Rats And Mice

Various malformations in rats and mice have been observed to be caused by administration of the vital dye, Trypan blue (Gillman, Gilbert, Gillman, & Spence, 1948; Fox & Goss, 1956, 1957; Hamburgh, 1952, 1954; Waddington & Carter, 1952, 1953). Recently Waddington & Perry (1956) reported a teratogenic effect of Trypan blue on Amphibian embryos. The present paper deals with the effects of this dye on cultured chick embryos. Hen's eggs were incubated at 38°C. to the desired stage of development. Cultures were set up according to the ring technique described by New (1955). Precautions to maintain sterile conditions were observed throughout. An aqueous 1 per cent, solution of Gurr's vital Trypan blue was diluted with Pannett Compton saline to 0·05 per cent., which had been found to be a suitable concentration. A few drops of the dye solution were placed on the upper surface of the treated blastoderms.

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