scholarly journals Genetic divergence and diversity reflect a predominant freshwater resident life history in Rainbow Trout from southwestern Alaska

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Olsen ◽  
Patrick Walsh ◽  
Anna‐Marie Benson ◽  
Craig J Schwanke ◽  
John K. Wenburg
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Freshwater Resident ◽  
Southwestern Alaska

Resident rainbow trout produce anadromous offspring in a large interior watershed

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian I. Courter ◽  
David B. Child ◽  
James A. Hobbs ◽  
Thomas M. Garrison ◽  
Justin J.G. Glessner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Anadromous Fish ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Female Resident ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Successful Attempt ◽  
Freshwater Resident

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have diverse life histories, including both freshwater-resident and anadromous “steelhead” life-history forms. Here, we demonstrate that female resident rainbow trout produce anadromous offspring that survive and return to spawn as adult steelhead. This study represents the first successful attempt to quantify steelhead production rates from female resident rainbow trout across a large watershed. Otolith microchemistry (87Sr/86Sr) techniques were used to determine the maternal life history (resident or anadromous) of 498 emigrating steelhead kelts in the Yakima Basin, Washington. Five geochemically distinct freshwater rearing regions were identified within the basin. All five regions were predicted to produce steelhead with resident maternal life histories. Basin-wide, 20% and 7% of steelhead collected in 2010 and 2011, respectively, had resident maternal life histories. Cross-life-history form production may be critical to persistence of anadromous life histories within partially anadromous salmonid populations, particularly in areas where anadromous fish abundance is low due to natural or anthropogenic influences.

scholarly journals A large-scale chromosomal inversion is not associated with life history development in rainbow trout from Southeast Alaska

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e0223018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer Y. Weinstein ◽  
Frank P. Thrower ◽  
Krista M. Nichols ◽  
Matthew C. Hale
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chromosomal Inversion ◽  
Southeast Alaska

scholarly journals Rapid parallel evolution of standing variation in a single, complex, genomic region is associated with life history in steelhead/rainbow trout

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1783) ◽  
pp. 20140012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon E. Pearse ◽  
Michael R. Miller ◽  
Alicia Abadía-Cardoso ◽  
John Carlos Garza
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Strong Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Rapid Adaptation ◽  
Life History Variation ◽  
Standing Variation ◽  
Genomic Regions

Rapid adaptation to novel environments may drive changes in genomic regions through natural selection. Such changes may be population-specific or, alternatively, may involve parallel evolution of the same genomic region in multiple populations, if that region contains genes or co-adapted gene complexes affecting the selected trait(s). Both quantitative and population genetic approaches have identified associations between specific genomic regions and the anadromous (steelhead) and resident (rainbow trout) life-history strategies of Oncorhynchus mykiss . Here, we use genotype data from 95 single nucleotide polymorphisms and show that the distribution of variation in a large region of one chromosome, Omy5, is strongly associated with life-history differentiation in multiple above-barrier populations of rainbow trout and their anadromous steelhead ancestors. The associated loci are in strong linkage disequilibrium, suggesting the presence of a chromosomal inversion or other rearrangement limiting recombination. These results provide the first evidence of a common genomic basis for life-history variation in O. mykiss in a geographically diverse set of populations and extend our knowledge of the heritable basis of rapid adaptation of complex traits in novel habitats.

Kokanee–sockeye salmon hybridization leads to intermediate morphology and resident life history: implications for fisheries management

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-364
Author(s):  
Lucas D. Elliott ◽  
Hillary G.M. Ward ◽  
Michael A. Russello
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Intermediate Morphology ◽  
Intermediate Size ◽  
Freshwater Resident ◽  
Historical Range ◽  
Hybridization And Introgression

Stocking programs designed to return extirpated species to their historical range have become increasingly prevalent, punctuating the need to better understand the risks posed to recipient ecosystems. Here, we investigated the genetic and biological consequences of an anadromous sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) stocking program in Skaha Lake, British Columbia, where substantial levels of hybridization and introgression with the native freshwater resident ecotype (kokanee) have been detected. We genetically assigned 543 individuals (adult spawners, age-0 juveniles) to estimate stock proportions (pure-stock sockeye, pure-stock kokanee, or hybrid) between 2010 and 2017, with a subset undergoing otolith microchemistry analysis to determine migratory life history and maternal ancestry. The proportion of hybrid spawners varied from 5% to 20% across sampling years, while that of hybrid age-0 juveniles remained relatively constant (∼11%). Hybrid spawners exhibited intermediate size relative to pure stocks, with the vast majority being nonanadromous (92%) and of resident maternal ancestry (76%). Our results provide empirical support for previously hypothesized mechanisms of hybridization between O. nerka life-history forms and underscore the importance of continued monitoring of stocking programs to quantify long-term fitness impacts of introgression and refine management strategies.

scholarly journals Early Life-History Consequences of Growth-Hormone Transgenesis in Rainbow Trout Reared in Stream Ecosystem Mesocosms

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0120173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn T. Crossin ◽  
L. Fredrik Sundström ◽  
Wendy E. Vandersteen ◽  
Robert H. Devlin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Life History ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Stream Ecosystem

Genetic Differentiation among Sympatric Migratory and Resident Life History Forms of Rainbow Trout in British Columbia

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 1268-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Heath ◽  
Corwyn M. Bettles ◽  
Sara Jamieson ◽  
Iga Stasiak ◽  
Margaret F. Docker
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Life History ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Genetic Differentiation

Ecological consequences of hybridization between native westslope cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) and introduced rainbow (Oncorhynchus mykiss) trout: effects on life history and habitat use

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Rasmussen ◽  
Michael D. Robinson ◽  
Daniel D. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
High Elevations

In the Upper Oldman River, Alberta, Canada, hybridization between introduced rainbow trout (RT; Oncorhynchus mykiss ) and native westslope cutthroat trout (WCT; Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi ) has produced a genotypic gradient with rainbow trout alleles undetectable (<1%) at high elevations and increasing in abundance downstream. Few F1 hybrids were found, and genotype frequencies suggest strong backcrossing of hybrids to pure parental populations at both ends of the gradient. The increasing prevalence of RT alleles downstream is accompanied by a life history gradient such that RT alleles were positively associated with growth rate and negatively associated with survivorship. Although physical barriers extended the distribution of pure WCT downstream, several streams held genetically pure WCT in their uppermost reaches, even when no barriers were present. For example, RT alleles were undetectable in headwaters of Dutch Creek, which had no barriers but was very cold (average summer temperature <7.3 °C). We propose that RT alleles affect the choice of habitat, as well the metabolic characteristics that determine their life history and competitive abilities. Factors such as climate change, clear-cut logging, and anthropogenic enrichment that can lead to increased temperature and (or) productivity might be expected to result in an upstream shift of RT alleles.

scholarly journals Early life history of triploid rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson)

Aquaculture ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Happe ◽  
Edwige Quillet ◽  
B. Chevassus
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Low but significant genetic differentiation underlies biologically meaningful phenotypic divergence in a large Atlantic salmon population

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tutku Aykanat ◽  
Susan E Johnston ◽  
Panu Orell ◽  
Eero Niemelä ◽  
Jaakko Erkinaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Structured Populations ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Adaptive Divergence ◽  
Juvenile Growth ◽  
Significant Genetic Differentiation

Despite decades of research assessing the genetic structure of natural populations, the biological meaning of low yet significant genetic divergence often remains unclear due to a lack of associated phenotypic and ecological information. At the same time, structured populations with low genetic divergence and overlapping boundaries can potentially provide excellent models to study adaptation and reproductive isolation in cases where high resolution genetic markers and relevant phenotypic and life history information are available. Here, we combined SNP-based population inference with extensive phenotypic and life history data to identify potential biological mechanisms driving fine scale sub-population differentiation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from the Teno River, a major salmon river in Europe. Two sympatrically occurring sub-populations had low but significant genetic differentiation (FST = 0.018) and displayed marked differences in the distribution of life history strategies, including variation in juvenile growth rate, age at maturity and size within age classes. Large, late-maturing individuals were virtually absent from one of the two sub-populations and there were significant differences in juvenile growth rates and size-at-age after oceanic migration between individuals in the respective sub-populations. Our findings suggest that different evolutionary processes affect each sub-population and that hybridization and subsequent selection may maintain low genetic differentiation without hindering adaptive divergence.

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