The Influence of Smolt Age on Freshwater and Early Marine Behavior and Survival of Migrating Juvenile Sockeye Salmon

2019 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine F. Stevenson ◽  
Scott G. Hinch ◽  
Aswea D. Porter ◽  
Erin L. Rechisky ◽  
David W. Welch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Smolt Age

Infectious agents and gene expression differ between sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolt age classes but do not predict migration survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-495
Author(s):  
Christine F. Stevenson ◽  
Arthur L. Bass ◽  
Nathan B. Furey ◽  
Kristina M. Miller ◽  
Shaorong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Acoustic Telemetry ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Downstream Migration ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Host Gene Expression ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Molecular Assays ◽  
Smolt Age

In some salmonid populations, multiple smolt age classes co-emigrate owing to variation in the duration of freshwater residence. While it is assumed that smolts prolong freshwater residence to maximize survival, infectious agent profiles and host gene expression (GE) have not been compared between concurrently migrating age classes. We coupled molecular assays of gill samples from nonlethally biopsied Chilko Lake sockeye salmon smolts with acoustic telemetry to study variation in infectious agent profiles and GE between age classes and survival groups. Although neither infectious agent profiles or GE were associated with survival, age-2 smolts exhibited higher mortality in the first 14 km of the downstream migration. There were measurable differences between the age classes in GE and the prevalence and load of “Candidatus Branchiomonas cysticola”, a bacterium commonly found in British Columbia salmonids. Relative to age-1 smolts, age-2 smolts displayed elevated GE related to inflammation and a molecular-based mortality-related signature. Although not associated with migration failure in this study, these patterns of GE are suggestive of mortality and could have implications for smolt survival.

Role of estuarine rearing for sockeye salmon in Alaska (USA)

2013 ◽  
Vol 481 ◽  
pp. 211-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Simmons ◽  
TP Quinn ◽  
LW Seeb ◽  
DE Schindler ◽  
R Hilborn
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon

Coastal marine and in-river migration behaviour of adult sockeye salmon en route to spawning grounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Wilson ◽  
SG Hinch ◽  
SM Drenner ◽  
EG Martins ◽  
NB Furey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Migration Behaviour ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
River Migration

BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON SOCKEYE SALMON DURING SPAWNING MIGRATION: IV. THE NON-PROTEIN NITROGENOUS CONSTITUENTS OF THE MUSCLE

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 833-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spawning Migration ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Biochemical Studies

The non-protein nitrogenous constituents of muscle of migrating sockeye salmon were investigated. These constituents were found to be the same in both male and female fish and were present in approximately the same amounts in both sexes. The histidine content of the muscle in all fish decreased to one fifth of the original value during the early stages of the migratory journey and remained at the low level thereafter. Some of the other constituents changed to a smaller extent, usually increasing in the later stages of the migration. This was especially noticeable in female fish. However, the increase in the concentration of these constituents in the muscle was due to a decrease in the amount of muscle in the fish rather than to an increase in the amounts of the compounds themselves.

Resumption of anadromy or straying? Origins of Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka in the Elwha River

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Quinn ◽  
George R. Pess ◽  
Ben J.G. Sutherland ◽  
Samuel J. Brenkman ◽  
Ruth E. Withler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Elwha River

scholarly journals Geomagnetic imprinting predicts spatio-temporal variation in homing migration of pink and sockeye salmon

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (99) ◽  
pp. 20140542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan F. Putman ◽  
Erica S. Jenkins ◽  
Catherine G. J. Michielsens ◽  
David L. G. Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Olfactory Imprinting

Animals navigate using a variety of sensory cues, but how each is weighted during different phases of movement (e.g. dispersal, foraging, homing) is controversial. Here, we examine the geomagnetic and olfactory imprinting hypotheses of natal homing with datasets that recorded variation in the migratory routes of sockeye ( Oncorhynchus nerka ) and pink ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ) salmon returning from the Pacific Ocean to the Fraser River, British Columbia. Drift of the magnetic field (i.e. geomagnetic imprinting) uniquely accounted for 23.2% and 44.0% of the variation in migration routes for sockeye and pink salmon, respectively. Ocean circulation (i.e. olfactory imprinting) predicted 6.1% and 0.1% of the variation in sockeye and pink migration routes, respectively. Sea surface temperature (a variable influencing salmon distribution but not navigation, directly) accounted for 13.0% of the variation in sockeye migration but was unrelated to pink migration. These findings suggest that geomagnetic navigation plays an important role in long-distance homing in salmon and that consideration of navigation mechanisms can aid in the management of migratory fishes by better predicting movement patterns. Finally, given the diversity of animals that use the Earth's magnetic field for navigation, geomagnetic drift may provide a unifying explanation for spatio-temporal variation in the movement patterns of many species.

HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE PINEAL ORGAN IN THE SOCKEYE SALMON, ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA WALBAUM

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hafeez ◽  
P. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Pineal Organ ◽  
Subcommissural Organ ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Dependent Behavior ◽  
Aldehyde Fuchsin ◽  
Pineal Nerve ◽  
The Brain

The morphohistology and some histochemical aspects of the pineal organ in the sockeye salmon were studied. The distal part of the organ lies in a pineal fossa in the cranial roof. Photosensory cells and two kinds of ependymal supporting cells are present throughout its epithelium, which is entirely devoid of either melanin or lipofuchsin. Besides sensory nerve fibers, efferent end-loops are present on the photosensory as well as the supporting cells. The dorsal pineal nerve tract probably contains both sensory and efferent fibers. The apocrine secretion of sensory as well as some supporting cells is probably associated with either the maintenance of a constant chemical composition of the cerebrospinal fluid or with supply of certain chemical substances to the brain tissue. The secretion in the pineal and the subcommissural organ consists of glycogen, mucopolysaccharides, mucoproteins, and aldehyde fuchsin positive granules.It is proposed that the pineal organ is photosensory as well as secretory and that its photosensitivity might be of some significance in the light-dependent behavior of this species in terms of intensity detection.

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