scholarly journals Macrophages at the nexus of mesenchymal stromal cell potency: The emerging role of chemokine cooperativity

Stem Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1145-1154
Author(s):  
Jacques Galipeau
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Transfer and Regulators of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Function and Therapeutic Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Mohammadalipour ◽  
Sandeep P. Dumbali ◽  
Pamela L. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Transfer

Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) metabolism plays a crucial role in the surrounding microenvironment in both normal physiology and pathological conditions. While MSCs predominantly utilize glycolysis in their native hypoxic niche within the bone marrow, new evidence reveals the importance of upregulation in mitochondrial activity in MSC function and differentiation. Mitochondria and mitochondrial regulators such as sirtuins play key roles in MSC homeostasis and differentiation into mature lineages of the bone and hematopoietic niche, including osteoblasts and adipocytes. The metabolic state of MSCs represents a fine balance between the intrinsic needs of the cellular state and constraints imposed by extrinsic conditions. In the context of injury and inflammation, MSCs respond to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as damaged mitochondria and mitochondrial products, by donation of their mitochondria to injured cells. Through intercellular mitochondria trafficking, modulation of ROS, and modification of nutrient utilization, endogenous MSCs and MSC therapies are believed to exert protective effects by regulation of cellular metabolism in injured tissues. Similarly, these same mechanisms can be hijacked in malignancy whereby transfer of mitochondria and/or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to cancer cells increases mitochondrial content and enhances oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to favor proliferation and invasion. The role of MSCs in tumor initiation, growth, and resistance to treatment is debated, but their ability to modify cancer cell metabolism and the metabolic environment suggests that MSCs are centrally poised to alter malignancy. In this review, we describe emerging evidence for adaptations in MSC bioenergetics that orchestrate developmental fate decisions and contribute to cancer progression. We discuss evidence and potential strategies for therapeutic targeting of MSC mitochondria in regenerative medicine and tissue repair. Lastly, we highlight recent progress in understanding the contribution of MSCs to metabolic reprogramming of malignancies and how these alterations can promote immunosuppression and chemoresistance. Better understanding the role of metabolic reprogramming by MSCs in tissue repair and cancer progression promises to broaden treatment options in regenerative medicine and clinical oncology.

scholarly journals The role of ultrasound in enhancing mesenchymal stromal cell‐based therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 850-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Liu ◽  
Mujib Ullah ◽  
Waldo Concepcion ◽  
Jeremy J. Dahl ◽  
Avnesh S. Thakor
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell

scholarly journals Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in mesenchymal stromal cell activation: A minireview

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Candido de Almeida ◽  
Laura Sibele Martins Evangelista ◽  
Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon

scholarly journals Role of ECM/peptide coatings on SDF-1α triggered mesenchymal stromal cell migration from microcarriers for cell therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Levato ◽  
Josep A. Planell ◽  
Miguel A. Mateos-Timoneda ◽  
Elisabeth Engel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Peptide Coatings
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