Selective Adsorption of Essential Oil Compounds by Waxy/Amylose Extender (wx/ae ) Double-Mutant Rice Starch Revealed by Gas Chromatography

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1700301
Author(s):  
Hiroki Takagi ◽  
Shiho Suzuki ◽  
Shinichi Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

scholarly journals Acaricidal activity of essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Eremanthus erythropappus, major compounds and cinnamyl acetate in Rhipicephalus microplus

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Marchesini ◽  
Débora Ramos de Oliveira ◽  
Geovany Amorim Gomes ◽  
Tigressa Helena Soares Rodrigues ◽  
Ralph Maturano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Low Activity ◽  
Acetate Derivative ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

Abstract This study aimed to chemically characterize the essential oils (EOs) of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon) and Eremanthus erythropappus (candeia) and evaluate their acaricidal activity, together with that of their major compounds and cinnamyl acetate derivative, against Rhipicephalus microplus. Essential oil compounds were identified through gas chromatography. The larval packet test (LPT) at concentrations ranging from 0.31 to 10.0 mg/mL and the adult immersion test (AIT) at concentrations between 2.5 and 60.0 mg/mL were performed. (E)-cinnamaldehyde and α-bisabolol were the major compounds in cinnamon (86.93%) and candeia (78.41%) EOs, respectively. In the LPT, the EOs of cinnamon and candeia and the compounds (E)-cinnamaldehyde, α-bisabolol and cinnamyl acetate resulted in 100% mortality at concentrations of 2.5, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 10.0 mg/mL respectively. In the AIT, percentage control values > 95% were observed for cinnamon and candeia EOs, (E)-cinnamaldehyde and α-bisabolol at the concentrations of 5.0, 60.0, 20.0, and 20.0 mg/mL, respectively, whereas cinnamyl acetate showed low activity. We conclude that EOs and their compounds showed high acaricidal activity, whereas the acetylated derivative of (E)-cinnamaldehyde presented less acaricidal activity on R. microplus engorged females.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from Ecuadorian Endemic Species Croton ferrugineus and Its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4608
Author(s):  
Eduardo Valarezo ◽  
Génesis Gaona-Granda ◽  
Vladimir Morocho ◽  
Luis Cartuche ◽  
James Calva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Total Composition ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties

Croton ferrugineus Kunth is an endemic species of Ecuador used in traditional medicine both for wound healing and as an antiseptic. In this study, fresh Croton ferrugineus leaves were collected and subjected to hydrodistillation for extraction of the essential oil. The chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector and gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer using a non-polar and a polar chromatographic column. The antibacterial activity was assayed against three Gram-positive bacteria, one Gram-negative bacterium and one dermatophyte fungus. The radical scavenging properties of the essential oil was evaluated by means of DPPH and ABTS assays. The chemical analysis allowed us to identify thirty-five compounds representing more than 99.95% of the total composition. Aliphatic sesquiterpene hydrocarbon trans-caryophyllene was the main constituent with 20.47 ± 1.25%. Other main compounds were myrcene (11.47 ± 1.56%), β-phellandrene (10.55 ± 0.02%), germacrene D (7.60 ± 0.60%), and α-humulene (5.49 ± 0.38%). The essential oil from Croton ferrugineus presented moderate activity against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) with an MIC of 1000 μg/mL, a scavenging capacity SC50 of 901 ± 20 µg/mL with the ABTS method, and very strong antiglucosidase activity with an IC50 of 146 ± 20 µg/mL.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil From the Leaves of Pterocephalus hookeri

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2098123
Author(s):  
Peng-fei Yang ◽  
Hui Lu ◽  
Qiong-bo Wang ◽  
Zhi-wei Zhao ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay ◽  
Detailed Chemical

Detailed chemical constituents of essential oil from the Pterocephalus hookeri leaves and its antimicrobial activities were investigated in this study. The essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Among the 90 identified compounds, hexadecanoic acid (21.27%), phytol (8.03%), furfural (7.08%), oleic acid (5.25%), and phytone (4.56%) were the major components. In the antimicrobial assay, the essential oil showed strong inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 31.3, 62.5, and 125 µg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report concerning chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from Pterocephalus hookeri.

scholarly journals Minerals, Essential Oils, and Biological Properties of Melissa officinalis L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Fahima Abdellatif ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Samir Begaa ◽  
Mohammed Messaoudi ◽  
Adel Benarfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Total Oil

This study describes the minerals elements, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. The essential oil (EO) was extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) using a Clevenger-type apparatus of dry leaves of M. officinalis and was analyzed by two techniques, gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eighteen minerals comprising both macro- and microelements (As, Br, K, La, Na, Sb, Sm, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Rb, Sc, Th, and Zn) were determined using neutron activation analysis technique for the first time from Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. Seventy-eight compounds were identified in the essential oil, representing 94.090% of the total oil and the yields were 0.470%. The major component was geranial (45.060%). Other predominant components were neral (31.720%) and citronellal (6.420%). The essential oil presented high antimicrobial activity against microorganisms, mainly five human pathogenic bacteria, one yeast, Candida albicans, and two phytopathogenic fungi. The results can be used as a source of information for the pharmaceutical industry and medical research.

scholarly journals Ducrosia ismaelis Asch. essential oil: chemical composition profile and anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi A. Mothana ◽  
Fahd A. Nasr ◽  
Jamal M. Khaled ◽  
Omar M. Noman ◽  
Nael Abutaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Mcf 7

AbstractThe essential oil of Ducrosia ismaelis Asch. (Apiaceae) that grows wild in Saudi Arabia was investigated utilizing gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty constituents were characterized, representing 96.1% of the total oil. The D. ismaelis essential oil (DIEO) was distinguished by a high composition of oxygenated monoterpenes (51.6%). Decanal (40.6%), α-pinene (15.1%) and dodecanal (13.7%) were the fundamental components. Additionally, DIEO was evaluated for its cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. DIEO revealed a great cytotoxic effectiveness against the tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values between 66.2 and 137.3 μg/mL particularly against MCF-7 cancer cells. Furthermore, the induction of apoptosis against MCF-7 cells has been asserted using staining assay (annexin VFITC and/or propidium iodide (PI) dyes) and flow cytometry technique. The DIEO possessed a strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacterial and fungal strains with MIC-values between 0.07 and 0.31 mg/ml. The values of MBC or MFC were almost once higher than those of MIC’s. Moreover, the β-carotene-bleaching and DPPH free radical-scavenging tests showed that DIEO had a moderate activity (68%) as an antioxidant agent in decolouring of the β-carotene at 1.0 mg/mL and a moderate radical scavenging for DPPH (66 and 72%) at 0.50 and 1.0 mg/mL.

scholarly journals Anti-biofilm and Virulence Factor-Reducing Activities of Essential Oils and Oil Components as a Possible Option for Bacterial Infection Control

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (08) ◽  
pp. 520-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Reichling
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Reporter Strains ◽  
Violacein Production ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

AbstractPathogenic biofilm-associated bacteria that adhere to biological or nonbiological surfaces are a big challenge to the healthcare and food industries. Antibiotics or disinfectants often fail in an attempt to eliminate biofilms from those surfaces. Based on selected experimental research, this review deals with the potential biofilm-inhibiting, virulence factor-reducing, and biofilm-eradicating activities of essential oils and single essential oil compounds using Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Chromobacterium violaceum as model organisms. In addition, for the bacteria reviewed in this overview, different essential oils and essential oil compounds were reported to be able to modulate the expression of genes that are involved in the formation of autoinducer molecules, biofilms, and virulence factors. The anti-quorum sensing activity of some essential oils and single essential oil compounds was demonstrated using the gram-negative bacterium C. violaceum. Reporter strains of this bacterium produce the violet-colored compound violacein whose synthesis is regulated by quorum sensing autoinducer molecules called acylhomeserinlactones. Of great interest was the discovery that enantiomeric monoterpenes affected the quorum sensing regulation system in different ways. While the (+)-enantiomers of carvone, limonene, and borneol increased violacein formation, their (−)-analogues inhibited violacein production.For the successful eradication of biofilms and the bacteria living inside them, it is absolutely necessary that the lipophilic volatile substances can penetrate into the aqueous channels of biofilms. As shown in recent work, hydrophilic nano-delivery systems encapsulating essential oils/essential oil compounds with antibacterial effects may contribute to overcome this problem.

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