Industrial Experiment of Steelmaking in a Top-Bottom-Side Blown Converter with Slag Splashing Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangcai Zhong ◽  
Xiaobin Zhou ◽  
Yingxiong Zhu ◽  
Boyu Chen ◽  
Biaocai Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Experiment ◽  
Slag Splashing ◽  
Bottom Side

Surface Structure in Microtomed Sections Caused by Glass and Diamond Knives

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black ◽  
William G. Boldosser
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Carbon Coating ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Body Angle ◽  
Normal Manner ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Cutting Direction ◽  
Made In ◽  
Diamond Knife

Ultramicrotomy produces plastic deformation in the surfaces of microtomed TEM specimens which can not generally be observed unless special preparations are made. In this study, a typical biological composite of tissue (infundibular thoracic attachment) infiltrated in the normal manner with an embedding epoxy resin (Epon 812 in a 60/40 mixture) was microtomed with glass and diamond knives, both with 45 degree body angle. Sectioning was done in Portor Blum Mt-2 and Mt-1 microtomes. Sections were collected on formvar coated grids so that both the top side and the bottom side of the sections could be examined. Sections were then placed in a vacuum evaporator and self-shadowed with carbon. Some were chromium shadowed at a 30 degree angle. The sections were then examined in a Phillips 300 TEM at 60kv.Carbon coating (C) or carbon coating with chrom shadowing (C-Ch) makes in effect, single stage replicas of the surfaces of the sections and thus allows the damage in the surfaces to be observable in the TEM. Figure 1 (see key to figures) shows the bottom side of a diamond knife section, carbon self-shadowed and chrom shadowed perpendicular to the cutting direction. Very fine knife marks and surface damage can be observed.

A novel method for the determination of linting propensity of paper

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRA GERLI ◽  
LEENDERT C. EIGENBROOD
Keyword(s):  
Ash Content ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
End Conditions ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Total Fraction

A novel method was developed for the determination of linting propensity of paper based on printing with an IGT printability tester and image analysis of the printed strips. On average, the total fraction of the surface removed as lint during printing is 0.01%-0.1%. This value is lower than those reported in most laboratory printing tests, and more representative of commercial offset printing applications. Newsprint paper produced on a roll/blade former machine was evaluated for linting propensity using the novel method and also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. Laboratory and commercial printing results matched well, showing that linting was higher for the bottom side of paper than for the top side, and that linting could be reduced on both sides by application of a dry-strength additive. In a second case study, varying wet-end conditions were used on a hybrid former machine to produce four paper reels, with the goal of matching the low linting propensity of the paper produced on a machine with gap former configuration. We found that the retention program, by improving fiber fines retention, substantially reduced the linting propensity of the paper produced on the hybrid former machine. The papers were also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. An excellent correlation was found between the total lint area removed from the bottom side of the paper samples during laboratory printing and lint collected on halftone areas of the first upper printing unit after 45000 copies. Finally, the method was applied to determine the linting propensity of highly filled supercalendered paper produced on a hybrid former machine. In this case, the linting propensity of the bottom side of paper correlated with its ash content.

Die Bonding Issues on Silicon Carbide Diodes

2006 ◽  
Vol 527-529 ◽  
pp. 875-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Yong Lee ◽  
Jang Sub Lee ◽  
Tae Hong Kim ◽  
Sung Yong Choi ◽  
Hak Jong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Test ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Die Bonding

We report on the die bonding processes and how the surface roughness and metallization schemes affect the processes of die bonding in 4H-SiC device fabrication using a soldering test and die shear test (DST) with differently prepared 4H-SiC samples. The first set of samples (FZ#1 and FZ#2) was capped with sequentially evaporated Ti and Au on an annealed Ni layer. The second set of samples (FZ#3 and FZ#4) and the third set of samples (FZ#5 and FZ#6) were prepared by 4μm-thick Au electroplating on an annealed Ni layer and an un-annealed Ni layer, respectively. The quality of the soldering, such as the solder coverage, void, and adhesion, was characterized by optical microscope, X-ray microprobe, and DST. We found that the samples (FZ#4 and FZ#6) deposited by Au electroplating on C-face (bottom-side) 4H-SiC provided a satisfactory result for the tests of solder coverage, void, and DST and also realized the cleaning process prior to the electroplating and soldering was the most crucial in the die packaging processes of vertical structure devices. The void fraction measured by X-ray microprobe for the samples, FZ#4 and FZ#6 was 2.2% (average for 5 samples) and 0.8% (average for 3 samples), respectively.

scholarly journals A Review of Slag Splashing

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. MILLS ◽  
Yuchu SU ◽  
Alistair B. FOX ◽  
Zushu LI ◽  
Richard P. THACKRAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slag Splashing

Experimental Study on the Effect of Orientation of Heating Circular Plate on Film Boiling Heat Transfer for Fluorocarbon Refrigerant R-11

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Seki ◽  
S. Fukusako ◽  
K. Torikoshi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Circular Plate ◽  
Boiling Heat Transfer ◽  
Film Boiling ◽  
Brass Plate ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Film Coefficient

The characteristics of film boiling heat transfer from a heated horizontal circular brass plate to a pool of fluorocarbon R-11 are examined for the case in which only the top side of the plate is in contact with the liquid (facing upward) and for the case in which the bottom side of the plate is in contact with the liquid (facing downward). It is found that the film coefficient for the facing downwards orientation of the plate was found to be closely correlated by the following: Nu=0.35(L/CpΔT)Gr0.25·Pr0.25

Features of the occurrence of the additional stratification on the bottom-side F region over the equatorial location of Trivandrum

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mridula ◽  
Tarun Kumar Pant ◽  
C. Vineeth ◽  
K. Kishore Kumar
Keyword(s):  
F Region ◽  
Bottom Side

scholarly journals Heat and mass transfer in a liquid film flowing down the bottom side of inclined surface

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 01087
Author(s):  
Maria V. Bartashevich ◽  
Maxim G. Vlasenko ◽  
Andrey A. Pil’nik ◽  
Andrey A. Chernov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Liquid Film ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Inclined Surface

scholarly journals Effect of Remelting Temperature and Soaking Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Thixoformed Part of Nano-Sized SiCp/7075 Composite

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Jufu Jiang ◽  
Guanfei Xiao ◽  
Yingze Liu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Xi Nie
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Aluminum Matrix Composite ◽  
Transgranular Fracture ◽  
Composite Part ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Side Walls

Semisolid billet of the 7075 aluminum matrix composite reinforced with nano-sized SiC particles was first fabricated by an ultrasonic-assisted semisolid stirring method and rheoforming technology. Then it was thixoformed into a cylinder part under different remelting temperatures and soak times. The effects of the remelting temperature and soaking time on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the thixoformed composite part were investigated. The results show that parts of good quality were thixoformed successfully. The microstructure of the top side wall of the thixoformed part consisted of near spheroidal grains. A large quantity of elongated grains occurred in the medium and bottom side walls and the bottom itself. With increasing remelting temperatures, the size of the solid grains of the thixoformed parts showed a trend of first to increase and afterwards to decrease. High density dislocations were found in the microstructure when the remelting temperatures were 590 °C and 600 °C. When the soaking time was 15 min, the severest deformation occurred in the thixoformed part. High mechanical properties of the thixoformed parts were achieved under conditions such as a remelting temperature between 590 °C and 600 °C and a soaking time between 10 min and 15 min. The fracture mode of the thixoformed part changed from transgranular fracture to intergranular fracture when the remelting temperature was elevated from 580 °C to 610 °C. After the thixoformed parts were treated by T6, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation of the side wall were improved to 552 MPa and 7.9%, respectively. Dispersed MgZn2 precipitates created by T6 heat treatment led to an improvement of the mechanical properties.

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