Three p-type small molecules (CL-1–3) based on tetraphenylethylene as the core and different π-conjugation diarylamines as linkers are synthesized. The bilayer HTL of the NiOx/CL-3-based cell exhibits the best power conversion efficiency of 20.15%.
Solution processable, triazatruxene based hole-transporting materials were synthesized using inexpensive precursors with state forward synthetic steps and integrated in perovskite based solar cells.