The Role of Gut Microbiota in Host Lipid Metabolism: An Eye on Causation and Connection

Small Methods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 1900604
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Xianyi Liang ◽  
Yanli Pang ◽  
Changtao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota

scholarly journals Modulation of Gilthead Sea Bream Gut Microbiota by a Bioactive Egg White Hydrolysate: Interactions Between Bacteria and Host Lipid Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Naya-Català ◽  
Giulia A. Wiggers ◽  
M. Carla Piazzon ◽  
Manuel I. López-Martínez ◽  
Itziar Estensoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Anterior Intestine

This study aimed to highlight the relationship between diet, animal performance and mucosal adherent gut microbiota (anterior intestine) in fish fed plant-based diets supplemented with an egg white hydrolysate (EWH) with antioxidant and anti-obesogenic activity in obese rats. The feeding trial with juveniles of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) lasted 8 weeks. Fish were fed near to visual satiety with a fish meal (FM)/fish oil (FO) based diet (CTRL) or a plant-based diet with/without EWH supplementation. Specific growth rate decreased gradually from 2.16% in CTRL fish to 1.88% in EWH fish due to a reduced feed intake, and a slight impairment of feed conversion ratio. Plant-based diets feeding triggered a hyperplasic inflammation of the anterior intestine regardless of EWH supplementation. However, EWH ameliorated the goblet cell depletion, and the hepatic and intestinal lipid accumulation induced by FM/FO replacement. Illumina sequencing of gut mucosal microbiota yielded a mean of 136,252 reads per sample assigned to 2,117 OTUs at 97% identity threshold. The bacterial diversity was similar in all groups, but a significantly lower richness was found in EWH fish. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria reached the highest proportion in CTRL and EWH fish, whereas Firmicutes were decreased and Actinobacteria increased with the FM/FO replacement. The proportion of Actinobacteria was restored by dietary EWH supplementation, which also triggered a highest amount of Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes. At a closer look, a widespread presence of Lactobacillales among groups was found. Otherwise, polysaccharide hydrolases secretors represented by Corynebacterium and Nocardioides were increased by the FM/FO replacement, whereas the mucin-degrading Streptococcus was only raised in fish fed the plant-based diet without EWH. In addition, in EWH fish, a higher abundance of Propionibacterium was related to an increased concentration of intestinal propionate. The antagonism of gut health-promoting propionate with cholesterol could explain the inferred underrepresentation of primary bile acid biosynthesis and steroid degradation pathways in the EWH fish microbiota. Altogether, these results reinforce the central role of gut microbiota in the regulation of host metabolism and lipid metabolism in particular, suggesting a role of the bioactive EWH peptides as an anti-obesity and/or satiety factor in fish.

scholarly journals ROLE OF GUT MICROBIOTA IN LIPID METABOLISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khrystyna Kvit ◽  
Viacheslav Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Lipid Balance ◽  
The Relationship

 Researchers have studied the connection between cholesterol and microbiota for a long time. The results of widely published data demonstrate that the relationship between the lipid balance of the blood and the composition of the intestinal microbiota is apparent. The oblective of this study was, we tried to find the path through which this connection is carried out. Furthermore, the aim was to analyze the studies, which demonstrate the decrease of blood lipids as the result of different prebiotics and probiotics prescribtion. Also, the screening of different data from previous years was done for comparing the changes in the pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Chávez-Carbajal ◽  
Khemlal Nirmalkar ◽  
Ana Pérez-Lizaur ◽  
Fernando Hernández-Quiroz ◽  
Silvia Ramírez-del-Alto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
High Throughput Dna Sequencing

Obesity is an excessive fat accumulation that could lead to complications like metabolic syndrome. There are reports on gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in relation to dietary, host genetics, and other environmental factors; however, it is necessary to explore the role of the gut microbiota metabolic pathways in populations like Mexicans, where the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is high. This study identify alterations of the gut microbiota in a sample of healthy Mexican women (CO), women with obesity (OB), and women with obesity plus metabolic syndrome (OMS). We studied 67 women, characterizing their anthropometric and biochemical parameters along with their gut bacterial diversity by high-throughput DNA sequencing. Our results indicate that in OB or OMS women, Firmicutes was the most abundant bacterial phylum. We observed significant changes in abundances of bacteria belonging to the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae families and significant enrichment of gut bacteria from 16 different taxa that might explain the observed metabolic alterations between the groups. Finally, the predicted functional metagenome of the gut microbiota found in each category shows differences in metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism. We demonstrate that Mexican women have a particular bacterial gut microbiota characteristic of each phenotype. There are bacteria that potentially explain the observed metabolic differences between the groups, and gut bacteria in OMS and OB conditions carry more genes of metabolic pathways implicated in lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Gut Microbiota in the Prevention and Treatment of Lipid Metabolism Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yan-Jun He ◽  
Chong-Ge You
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Syndromes

Due to changes in lifestyle, diet structure, and aging worldwide, the incidence of metabolic syndromes such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity is increasing. Metabolic syndrome is considered to be closely related to cardiovascular disease and severely affects human health. In recent years, researchers have revealed that the gut microbiota, through its own or interacting metabolites, has a positive role in regulating metabolic syndrome. Therefore, the gut microbiota has been a new “organ” for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. The role has not been clarified, and more research is necessary to prove the specific role of specific strains. Probiotics are also believed to regulate metabolic syndromes by regulating the gut microbiota and are expected to become a new preparation for treating metabolic syndromes. This review focuses on the regulation of lipid metabolism disorders by the gut microbiota through the effects of bile acids (BA), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile salt hydrolase (BSH), and genes such as ABCG5 and ABCG8, FXR, NPC1L, and LDL-R.

scholarly journals Hematopoietic Npc1 mutation shifts gut microbiota composition in Ldlr−/− mice on a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Houben ◽  
John Penders ◽  
Yvonne Oligschlaeger ◽  
Inês A. Magro dos Reis ◽  
Marc-Jan Bonder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Host Genetics ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract While the link between diet-induced changes in gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been established, the contribution of host genetics is rather unexplored. As several findings suggested a role for the lysosomal lipid transporter Niemann-Pick type C1 (NPC1) in macrophages during MetS, we here explored whether a hematopoietic Npc1 mutation, induced via bone marrow transplantation, influences gut microbiota composition in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (Ldlr−/−) mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFC) diet for 12 weeks. Ldlr−/− mice fed a HFC diet mimic a human plasma lipoprotein profile and show features of MetS, providing a model to explore the role of host genetics on gut microbiota under MetS conditions. Fecal samples were used to profile the microbial composition by 16 s ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The hematopoietic Npc1 mutation shifted the gut microbiota composition and increased microbial richness and diversity. Variations in plasma lipid levels correlated with microbial diversity and richness as well as with several bacterial genera. This study suggests that host genetic influences on lipid metabolism affect the gut microbiome under MetS conditions. Future research investigating the role of host genetics on gut microbiota might therefore lead to identification of diagnostic and therapeutic targets for MetS.

scholarly journals Expanding role of gut microbiota in lipid metabolism

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatole Ghazalpour ◽  
Ivana Cespedes ◽  
Brian J. Bennett ◽  
Hooman Allayee
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota

scholarly journals Coreopsis Tinctoria Modulates Lipid Metabolism by Decreasing Low-Density Lipoprotein and Improving Gut Microbiota

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1060-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Ren ◽  
Yali Li ◽  
Jiangyun Liu ◽  
Haitao Li ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coreopsis Tinctoria ◽  
Normal Controls

Background/Aims: The prevalence of hyperlipidemia is increasing rapidly. The role of Coreopsis tinctoria (CT) in amending lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia patients has not been reported. This study aims to evaluate the role of CT in altering lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia patients and to explore the possible mechanisms mediated by gut microbiota in hyperlipidemia mice models. Methods: A retrospective analysis in 40 hyperlipidemia patients was conducted, in which 20 patients took fenofibrate and another 20 patients normatively drank water with CT. Hyperlipidemia mice models were also established. Blood biochemical tests were performed using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Liver histopathology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Ileocecal samples were collected from mice, and bacterial DNA was extracted and sequenced by MiSeq sequencing. Bacterial composition and differences were analyzed. Results: In hyperlipidemia patients, CT was associated with decreased triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels without liver injury. The experimental hyperlipidemia model also verified a similar result. Gut microbial richness and diversity were significantly decreased in hyperlipidemic mice, but increased after CT treatment. Bacterial communities were significantly differentiated between normal controls and hyperlipidemic mice. CT administration improved gut microbiota composition to an approximately normal status. Meanwhile, CT administration attenuated bacterial alterations at the class, order, family, and genus levels in hyperlipidemic mice. Importantly, the genera Barnesiella, Lactobacillus, and Helicobacter achieved high discriminatory power in hyperlipidemic mice relative to normal controls. Conclusions: CT can modulate blood lipid metabolism with improvement of liver function by decreasing LDL and improving gut microbiota compositions. These findings may provide novel therapeutic strategies for patients with hyperlipidemia.

scholarly journals Bile Salt Hydrolases: At the Crossroads of Microbiota and Human Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1122
Author(s):  
Mélanie Bourgin ◽  
Aicha Kriaa ◽  
Héla Mkaouar ◽  
Vincent Mariaule ◽  
Amin Jablaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Important Enzyme

The gut microbiota has been increasingly linked to metabolic health and disease over the last few decades. Several factors have been suggested to be involved in lipid metabolism and metabolic responses. One mediator that has gained great interest as a clinically important enzyme is bile salt hydrolase (BSH). BSH enzymes are widely distributed in human gastrointestinal microbial communities and are believed to play key roles in both microbial and host physiology. In this review, we discuss the current evidence related to the role of BSHs in health and provide useful insights that may pave the way for new therapeutic targets in human diseases.

Glucose disposal and lipid metabolism in man: role of thyroid hormones

1988 ◽  
Vol 117 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S130-S131
Author(s):  
M. J. MÜLLER ◽  
A. G. BURGER ◽  
E. JEQUIER ◽  
K.J. ACHESON
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Glucose Disposal

Genetic background of cholesterol absorption efficacy. The role of Niemann–Pick C1-like 1 receptor and its genetic variation in lipid metabolism

2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (34) ◽  
pp. 1376-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariann Harangi ◽  
István Balogh ◽  
János Harangi ◽  
György Paragh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Cholesterol Absorption ◽  
Niemann Pick

A Niemann–Pick C1-like-1 egy szterolfelismerő domént tartalmazó membránfehérje, amelyet nagy számban expresszálnak csúcsi felszínükön a bélhámsejtek. Az utóbbi évek vizsgálatai azt igazolták, hogy ez a fehérje szükséges a szabad koleszterin bejutásához a bélhámsejtekbe a bél lumenéből. Biokémiai vizsgálatok azt igazolták, hogy a Niemann–Pick C1-like-1-hez kötődik az ezetimib, amely egy hatékony koleszterinfelszívódást gátló szer. A bélből történő koleszterinfelszívódás ütemében és az ezetimibkezelés hatékonyságában tapasztalt egyéni eltérések hátterében felmerült néhány Niemann–Pick C1-like-1 génvariáció oki szerepe.

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