Identifying water factors that are related to ammonia nitrogen concentrations in Columbia River using a reversed hazard exponential model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danrley Abreu dos Santos ◽  
Andrey Cassiano Martins ◽  
Kauana Mara Silva ◽  
Amanda Correa Nunes ◽  
Yara Campos Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Columbia River ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

scholarly journals In Vitro Screening of Plant Materials to Reduce Ruminal Protozoal Population and Mitigate Ammonia and Methane Emissions

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Pichad Khejornsart ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Metha Wanapat
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Tropical Plants ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Tropical Climates

Alternative feed sources can be utilized to reduce enteric methane (CH4) emissions, a major greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of tropical plants to improve digestibility, reduce protozoal populations, improve rumen fermentation, and minimize methane emissions from ruminants. The plants considered herein grow in tropical climates, are easily accessible in large quantities, and are directly related to human food production. Nine plants that grow naturally in tropical climates were assessed. Plant supplementation substantially enhanced accumulative gas production at 24 h (p < 0.05). The apparent organic matter digestibility (AOMDvt) of the diet was not affected by five of the nine plants. With the addition of the plant material, ammonia nitrogen concentrations were reduced by up to 47% and methane concentrations were reduced by 54%. Five of the nine plant materials reduced methane production in terms of CH4/dry matter and CH4/digestibility of the organic matter by 15–35% and 8–24%, respectively. In conclusion, supplementation with plants with high tannin contents was shown to be a viable strategy for improving rumen fermentation, reducing protozoal populations, and limiting methane emissions. In this regard, the leaves of Piper sarmentosum, Acmella oleracea, Careya arborea, and Anacardium occidentale were especially promising.

Ruminal peptide and ammonia nitrogen concentrations in steers fed diets with different concentrate to lucerne hay ratios

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 214-214
Author(s):  
Alireza Vakili ◽  
Mohsen Danesh Mesgaran ◽  
Reza Valizadeh ◽  
Alireza Heravi Moussavi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Nassiry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonia Production ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Microorganisms ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

In ruminants, as much as 50% of the dietary crude protein can be converted to ammonia by ruminal microorganisms. A part of ammonia can be utilized as a bacterial nitrogen source; however, rates of ammonia production often exceed rates of ammonia utilization. Peptides are intermediates in the conversion of ingested protein to ammonia in the rumen and their accumulation depends upon the nature of diet (Mesgaran & Parker, 1995). The objective of the present experiment was to investigate the effect of diets differing in concentrate: lucerne hay ratios on the ruminal pH, ammonia-nitrogen concentration and ruminal peptide nitrogen concentration in Holstein steers.

scholarly journals Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen by Activated Sludge Process Using Simultaneous Nitrification Denitrification Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Junaidi ◽  
Sri Sumiyati ◽  
Ronauli Sitinjak
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Inputs ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

Nitrogen concentrations are often found in ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and neutral nitrogen waters. This research has investigated the simultaneous removal of biological nitrogen nitrification and denitrification (SND) in a continuous flow system of activated sludge processes. This research was conducted by variations in carbon sources is namely glucose and methanol. Variations of C / N ratios of 5, 10, and 20 were also carried out. The main parameters were analyzed every day until the end of the research period. The main parameter analyzed is ammonia-nitrogen. Besides, additional parameters were also analyzed in the form of COD, nitrate-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, pH, MLSS, SVI, and DO. The results of research indicate artificially excess nitrogen wastewater can be treated using SND and can produce sufficiently good effluent quality if the operations are running optimally. The highest ammonia-nitrogen removal efficiency of 100% shown by the variation of the carbon methanol source and value of the C / N 20 ratio then followed by the C / N 10 ratio of 78% and the C / N 5 ratio of 59%. Overall, the data shown appropriate controls for carbon and nitrogen inputs are needed to achieve an efficient SND. Proper SND technology can save operating time and energy, and may replace two traditional stages: biological nitrification and denitrification processes.

scholarly journals Role of pH on biological Nitrification Process

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iswar Man Amatya ◽  
Bhagwan Ratna Kansakar ◽  
Vinod Tare ◽  
Liv Fiksdal
Keyword(s):  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Microbial Kinetics ◽  
Nitrification Process ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
In Series ◽  
Biological Nitrification ◽  
Oxidation Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

It is important to determine the effect of changing environmental conditions on the microbial kinetics for design and modeling of biological treatment processes. In this research, the kinetics of ammonia oxidation by nitrifying process bacteria under varying pH and temperature conditions are studied. Ammonia oxidation in groundwater was carried out by biological method of nitrification process. The nitrification was performed in one set of reactors. The reactor consists of two columns connected in series packed with over burnt bricks as media. The filtration rate varied from 10.5 to 210.4 m/day for nitrification process respectively. The ammonia, nitrate and nitrite nitrogen concentrations were measured at inlet, intermediate ports and outlet. The temperature varied from 10 to 30°C at 2°C intervals. The results demonstrated that high amounts of ammonia nitrogen nitrified in groundwater at nitrification process. The average ammonia nitrogen oxidation efficiency of 77.27% was achieved from pH 7.3 to 8.0 in the reactor packed with OBB media at 20°C, for the flow rate 500ml/min due to biological nitrification. The total amount of ammonia nitrogen removed by nitrification varied from 0.76 to 17.80 gm/m3/h at influent concentration from 2.84 to 149.28 gm/m3/h.Key words: Over burnt brick; Filtration rate; Temperature; Nitrification and Nitrifying bacteriaDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v8i1-2.5102Journal of the Institute of Engineering Vol. 8, No. 1&2, 2010/2011Page: 119-125Uploaded Date: 20 July, 2011

The possibility of using encapsulated nitrifiers for treatment of reject water coming from anaerobic digestion

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1428-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vacková ◽  
R. Stloukal ◽  
J. Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Plant Optimization ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Large wastewater treatment plants have to deal not only with the influent wastewater, but also with the highly concentrated reject water coming from anaerobic digestion. The aim of this work was to verify the suitability of using encapsulated nitrifiers in polyvinyl alcohol carrier (so called Lentikats Biocatalyst) at temperatures between 5 and 30 °C. For laboratory nitrification batch tests synthetic wastewater with ammonia nitrogen (Namon) concentration 10–800 mg L−1 was used. The system has been proved to operate at the temperature of 10 °C, but not at 5 °C. It was found that the highest specific nitrification rates were observed at 30 °C and with ammonia nitrogen concentrations above 250 mg L−1, which means that separate treatment of reject water by using encapsulated biomass seems to be an effective tool for wastewater treatment plant optimization.

A fixed-point titration method for the determination of ammonium in anaerobic systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (28) ◽  
pp. 3552-3556
Author(s):  
Zhe-Xuan Mu ◽  
Chuan-Shu He ◽  
Jian-Kai Jiang ◽  
Yang Mu
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

High ammonia nitrogen concentrations inhibit methanogenic activity and induce digester upset or failure.

scholarly journals Long-Term Impacts of Reservoir Operation on the Spatiotemporal Variation in Nitrogen Forms in the Post-Three Gorges Dam Period (2004–2016)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Nie ◽  
Yuhong Zeng ◽  
Lanhua Niu ◽  
Xiaofeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Essential Nutrient

Abstract Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient limiting life, and its biochemical cycling and distribution in rivers have been markedly affected by river engineering construction and operation. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the spatiotemporal variations and driving environmental factors of N distributions based on the long-term observations (from 2004 to 2016) of seven stations in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). In the study period, the overall water quality status of the river reach improved, whereas N pollution was severe and tended to be aggravated after the TGR impoundment. The anti-seasonal reservoir operation strongly affected the variations in N forms. The total nitrogen (TN) concentration in the mainstream of the Yangtze River continuously increased, although it was still lower than that in the incoming tributaries (Wu and Jialing rivers). Further analysis showed that this increase occurred probably because of external inputs, including the upstream (76%), non-point (22%), and point source pollution inputs (2%). Besides, different N forms showed significant seasonal variations; among them, the TN and nitrate nitrogen concentrations were the lowest in the impoundment season (October–February), and the ammonia nitrogen concentrations were the highest in the sluicing season (March–May). These parameters varied likely because of internal N transformation. Redundancy analysis revealed that the water level regulated by the anti-seasonal operation was the largest contributor. Our findings could provide a basis for managing and predicting the water quality in the Yangtze River.

A comparison of various methods of feeding supplements of urea, sulfur and molasses to weaner heifers during the dry season in northern Queensland

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
SR McLennan ◽  
DJ Hirst ◽  
RK Shepherd ◽  
KR McGuigan
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
The Us ◽  
Native Pasture ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Group 2

Over 3 dry seasons (1984-86), delivery systems of urea supplements were evaluated on weaner heifers grazing native pasture. Daily treatments per heifer were urea-ammonium sulfate (US) (28g + 6g), via the drinking water; urea-molasses (UM) (30g + 250g), via roller drum lick feeders; UM2 (60g + 1000g), via open troughs. Rainfall recordings were well above average in all dry seasons. The only liveweight response to supplementation occurred in 1986, during a dry period from June to October. During this period the liveweight performance of the US group was improved relative to the control group (+7 v. -57 g/heifer.day; P<0.05). The response of the UM2 group (+82 g/heifer.day) exceeded (P<0.05) that of all other groups. There was no response to the UM supplement (-51 g/heifer.day). Over the combined dry and following wet seasons the UM2 group grew faster (P<0.05) than all other groups. Ammonia-nitrogen concentrations in the rumen fluid of heifers, measured in the 1984 and 1986 dry seasons, were very low for the control group (7-54 mg/L rumen fluid) but were much higher in the US group 2 h after drinking (108-152 mg/L). At 18 h after drinking, the ammonia-nitrogen concentration had declined markedly in the US group (30-54 mg/L) but, in 2 of 3 observations, was still higher than that of the controls (significantly in 1 case; P<0.05).

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