Electrostatic effect of the macromolecular structure on the biochemical reactivity of the nucleic acids. Significance for chemical carcinogenesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (S7) ◽  
pp. 245-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberte Pullman ◽  
Bernard Pullman
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Chemical Carcinogenesis ◽  
Macromolecular Structure ◽  
Electrostatic Effect

Chemical Carcinogenesis: Interactions of Carcinogens with Nucleic Acids

1975 ◽  
pp. 235-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. R. Sarma ◽  
S. Rajalakshmi ◽  
Emmanuel Farber
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Chemical Carcinogenesis

Carcinogenic Non-Aminoazo Dye 1-Phenylazo-2-hydroxynaphthalene (Sudan I) Is Oxidized by Rat Liver Microsomal Cytochrome P-450 to Metabolites Binding to Macromolecules (Nucleic Acids and Proteins)

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1537-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Stiborová ◽  
Pavel Anzenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Chemical Carcinogenesis ◽  
Reactive Metabolites ◽  
Reactive Metabolite ◽  
Microsomal Cytochrome ◽  
Sudan I ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Carcinogenic non-aminoazo dye 1-phenylazo-2-hydroxynaphthalene (Sudan I) is oxidized by microsomal cytochromes P-450 to reactive metabolite(s) binding to macromolecules (nucleic acids, proteins) in vitro. The extent of binding to macromolecules proceeded in the order: protein > rRNA > tRNA > DNA. The patern of products formed from Sudan I and binding of the reactive metabolites of this compound to macromolecules are dependent on the concentration of Sudan I, NADPH and on the duration of the incubation. The participation of the adducts formed with macromolecules in the initiation of chemical carcinogenesis is discussed.

NADH oxidation during peroxidase catalyzed metabolism of carcinogenic non-aminoazo dye 1-phenylazo-2-hydroxynaphthalene (Sudan I)

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 2321-2327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Stiborová ◽  
Pavel Anzenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Chemical Carcinogenesis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nadh Oxidation ◽  
Physiological Significance ◽  
Reactive Metabolite ◽  
Sudan I ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation

The peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of 1-phenylazo-2-hydroxynaphthalene (Sudan I) in the presence of NADH results in oxidation to oxidized NAD+. This oxidation is supposed to be caused by the reduction of reactive Sudan I metabolite(s). Under certain conditions NADH acts as the agent protecting the cellular nucleophilic compounds such as nucleic acids (DNA, tRNA) against modification caused by reactive metabolite(s) formed from carcinogenic Sudan I by the peroxidase/H2O2 system. The results are discussed from the point of view of the physiological significance of NADH in the initiation of chemical carcinogenesis.

Electron Microscopy of Nucleic Acids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
Norman Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Molecular Biologist ◽  
Topological Properties ◽  
Protein Film ◽  
Polynucleotide Chain

The basic protein film technique for mounting nucleic acids for electron microscopy has proven to be a general and powerful tool for the working molecular biologist in characterizing different nucleic acids. It i s possible to measure molecular lengths of duplex and single-stranded DNAs and RNAs. In particular, it is thus possible to as certain whether or not the nucleic acids extracted from a particular source are or are not homogeneous in length. The topological properties of the polynucleotide chain (linear or circular, relaxed or supercoiled circles, interlocked circles, etc. ) can also be as certained.

mRNA localization by Electron microscopic in situ hybridization

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
J. A. Pollock ◽  
M. Martone ◽  
T. Deerinck ◽  
M. H. Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Functional Sites ◽  
Voltage Electron

Localization of specific proteins in cells by both light and electron microscopy has been facilitate by the availability of antibodies that recognize unique features of these proteins. High resolution localization studies conducted over the last 25 years have allowed biologists to study the synthesis, translocation and ultimate functional sites for many important classes of proteins. Recently, recombinant DNA techniques in molecular biology have allowed the production of specific probes for localization of nucleic acids by “in situ” hybridization. The availability of these probes potentially opens a new set of questions to experimental investigation regarding the subcellular distribution of specific DNA's and RNA's. Nucleic acids have a much lower “copy number” per cell than a typical protein, ranging from one copy to perhaps several thousand. Therefore, sensitive, high resolution techniques are required. There are several reasons why Intermediate Voltage Electron Microscopy (IVEM) and High Voltage Electron Microscopy (HVEM) are most useful for localization of nucleic acids in situ.

Nucleic Acid Molecules Prepared by Monolayer Techniques

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 178-179
Author(s):  
Dimitrij Lang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Contour Length ◽  
Sample Standard Deviation ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Length Measurements ◽  
Protein Monolayer

The success of the protein monolayer technique for electron microscopy of individual DNA molecules is based on the prevention of aggregation and orientation of the molecules during drying on specimen grids. DNA adsorbs first to a surface-denatured, insoluble cytochrome c monolayer which is then transferred to grids, without major distortion, by touching. Fig. 1 shows three basic procedures which, modified or not, permit the study of various important properties of nucleic acids, either in concert with other methods or exclusively:1) Molecular weights relative to DNA standards as well as number distributions of molecular weights can be obtained from contour length measurements with a sample standard deviation between 1 and 4%.

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