Time resolved optical beam induced currents: A novel technique to image spatio-temporal phenomena in semiconductors

1995 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
J. H. Wolter ◽  
C. M. van Es ◽  
J. E. M. Haverkort ◽  
E. A. E. Zwaal
Keyword(s):  
Optical Beam ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Induced Currents ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals A data reduction and compression description for high throughput time-resolved electron microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhik Datta ◽  
Kian Fong Ng ◽  
Deepan Balakrishnan ◽  
Melissa Ding ◽  
See Wee Chee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Data Streaming ◽  
Compression Scheme ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Detection And Counting ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractFast, direct electron detectors have significantly improved the spatio-temporal resolution of electron microscopy movies. Preserving both spatial and temporal resolution in extended observations, however, requires storing prohibitively large amounts of data. Here, we describe an efficient and flexible data reduction and compression scheme (ReCoDe) that retains both spatial and temporal resolution by preserving individual electron events. Running ReCoDe on a workstation we demonstrate on-the-fly reduction and compression of raw data streaming off a detector at 3 GB/s, for hours of uninterrupted data collection. The output was 100-fold smaller than the raw data and saved directly onto network-attached storage drives over a 10 GbE connection. We discuss calibration techniques that support electron detection and counting (e.g., estimate electron backscattering rates, false positive rates, and data compressibility), and novel data analysis methods enabled by ReCoDe (e.g., recalibration of data post acquisition, and accurate estimation of coincidence loss).

Optical beam induced currents in MOS transistors

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Fritz ◽  
Rainer Lackmann
Keyword(s):  
Optical Beam ◽  
Mos Transistors ◽  
Induced Currents

Spatio-Temporal Development of Supercavitation Over an Impulsively Launched Projectile

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Weiland ◽  
P. P. Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Temporal Development ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
Supercavitating Flow ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Asymmetric Vortices ◽  
First Time

Supercavitation inception and formation was studied over blunt projectiles. The projectiles were fired using a gas gun method. In this method, projectiles are launched under the action of expanding detonation gases. Both qualitative and quantitative optical flow diagnostics using high speed digital imaging were used to analyze the spatio-temporal development of the supercavitating flow. For the first time, quantification of the supercavitation was achieved using Time Resolved Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (TRDPIV) detailing the two phase flow field surrounding the translating projectiles and the gas vapor bubble. Experimental results indicate that the supercavity forms at the aft end of the projectile and travels forward along the direction of projectile travel. The impulsive start of the projectile generates two asymmetric vortices which are shed from the blunt nose of the projectile. The vortices interact with the moving cavity and subsequently deform. This interaction is believed to directly contribute to the instabilities in the flight path.

scholarly journals A Complex Interplay of Anionic Phospholipid Binding Regulates 3′-Phosphoinositide-Dependent-Kinase-1 Homodimer Activation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria de las Heras-Martínez ◽  
Véronique Calleja ◽  
Remy Bailly ◽  
Jean Dessolin ◽  
Banafshé Larijani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conformational Dynamics ◽  
Pi3k Pathway ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging ◽  
Anionic Phospholipid ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Anionic Phospholipids ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Phosphoinositide Dependent Kinase

Abstract 3′-Phosphoinositide-dependent-Kinase-1 (PDK1) is a master regulator whereby its PI3-kinase-dependent dysregulation in human pathologies is well documented. Understanding the direct role for PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and other anionic phospholipids in the regulation of PDK1 conformational dynamics and its downstream activation remains incomplete. Using advanced quantitative-time-resolved imaging (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging and Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy) and molecular modelling, we show an interplay of antagonistic binding effects of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and other anionic phospholipids, regulating activated PDK1 homodimers. We demonstrate that phosphatidylserine maintains PDK1 in an inactive conformation. The dysregulation of the PI3K pathway affects the spatio-temporal and conformational dynamics of PDK1 and the activation of its downstream substrates. We have established a new anionic-phospholipid-dependent model for PDK1 regulation, depicting the conformational dynamics of multiple homodimer states. We show that the dysregulation of the PI3K pathway perturbs equilibrium between the PDK1 homodimer conformations. Our findings provide a role for the PtdSer binding site and its previously unrewarding role in PDK1 downregulation, suggesting a possible therapeutic strategy where the constitutively active dimer conformer of PDK1 may be rendered inactive by small molecules that drive it to its PtdSer-bound conformer.

OSCAT: Novel Technique for Time-Resolved Experiments Without Moveable Optical Delay Lines

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Wilk ◽  
Thomas Hochrein ◽  
Martin Koch ◽  
Michael Mei ◽  
Ronald Holzwarth
Keyword(s):  
Delay Lines ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Optical Delay

scholarly journals Simultaneous in vivo time-lapse stiffness mapping and fluorescence imaging of developing tissue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia J. Thompson ◽  
Iva K. Pillai ◽  
Ivan B. Dimov ◽  
Christine E. Holt ◽  
Kristian Franze
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Tissue Mechanics ◽  
Tissue Stiffness ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractTissue mechanics is important for development; however, the spatio-temporal dynamics of in vivo tissue stiffness is still poorly understood. We here developed tiv-AFM, combining time-lapse in vivo atomic force microscopy with upright fluorescence imaging of embryonic tissue, to show that in the developing Xenopus brain, a stiffness gradient evolves over time because of differential cell proliferation. Subsequently, axons turn to follow this gradient, underpinning the importance of time-resolved mechanics measurements.

scholarly journals Quantitative theory for the diffusive dynamics of liquid condensates

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Hubatsch ◽  
Louise M Jawerth ◽  
Celina Love ◽  
Jonathan Bauermann ◽  
TY Dora Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Dense Phase ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Salt Addition ◽  
Diffusive Dynamics ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Molecule Dynamics ◽  
Material Exchange

Key processes of biological condensates are diffusion and material exchange with their environment. Experimentally, diffusive dynamics are typically probed via fluorescent labels. However, to date, a physics-based, quantitative framework for the dynamics of labeled condensate components is lacking. Here we derive the corresponding dynamic equations, building on the physics of phase separation, and quantitatively validate the related framework via experiments. We show that by using our framework we can precisely determine diffusion coefficients inside liquid condensates via a spatio-temporal analysis of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. We showcase the accuracy and precision of our approach by considering space- and time-resolved data of protein condensates and two different polyelectrolyte-coacervate systems. Interestingly, our theory can also be used to determine a relationship between the diffusion coefficient in the dilute phase and the partition coefficient, without relying on fluorescence measurements in the dilute phase. This enables us to investigate the effect of salt addition on partitioning and bypasses recently described quenching artifacts in the dense phase. Our approach opens new avenues for theoretically describing molecule dynamics in condensates, measuring concentrations based on the dynamics of fluorescence intensities, and quantifying rates of biochemical reactions in liquid condensates.

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