Amino acid substitution (Gly‐654‐Tyr) in acetolactate synthase (ALS) confers broad spectrum resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Cao ◽  
Xinxin Zhou ◽  
Zhaofeng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Substitution ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

scholarly journals A new amino acid substitution (Ala-205-Phe) in acetolactate synthase (ALS) confers broad spectrum resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides

Planta ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 243 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Brosnan ◽  
Jose J. Vargas ◽  
Gregory K. Breeden ◽  
Logan Grier ◽  
Raphael A. Aponte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Substitution ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

scholarly journals Distribution of Herbicide Resistances and Molecular Mechanisms Conferring Resistance in Missouri Waterhemp (Amaranthus rudisSauer) Populations

Weed Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 336-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Schultz ◽  
Laura A. Chatham ◽  
Chance W. Riggins ◽  
Patrick J. Tranel ◽  
Kevin W. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Substitution ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
D1 Protein ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Resistance To Herbicides ◽  
Inhibitor Resistance

A survey of soybean fields containing waterhemp was conducted just prior to harvest in 2012 to determine the scope and extent of herbicide resistance and multiple herbicide resistances among a sample of Missouri waterhemp populations. Resistance was confirmed to glyphosate and to acetolactate synthase (ALS), protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO), photosystem II (PSII), and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, but not to 2,4-D. Of the 187 populations tested, 186 exhibited resistance to chlorimuron. The proportions of populations with atrazine or glyphosate resistance were similar, with 30 and 29% of the populations surviving the 3× rates. Lactofen resistance was observed in 5% of the populations, whereas mesotrione resistance was only found in 1.6% of the populations. All populations tested were susceptible to 2,4-D at the 3× rate. At least 52% of the waterhemp populations tested exhibited resistance to herbicides from two mechanism of action. Resistance to atrazine plus chlorimuron as well as glyphosate plus chlorimuron was present in 29% of the populations. Three-way resistance, primarily comprised of resistance to atrazine plus chlorimuron plus glyphosate, was present in 11% of the populations. Resistance to herbicides from four mechanisms of action was found in 2% of the populations, and one population exhibited resistance to herbicides from five mechanisms of action. DNA analysis of a subsample of plants revealed that previously documented mechanisms of resistance in waterhemp, including the ΔG210 deletion conferring PPO-inhibitor resistance, the Trp574Leu amino acid substitution conferring ALS-inhibitor resistance, and elevated 5-enolypyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase copy number and the Pro106Ser amino acid substitution resulting in glyphosate resistance, explained survival in many, but not all, instances. Atrazine resistance was not explained by the Ser264Gly D1 protein substitution. Overall, results from these experiments indicate that Missouri soybean fields contain waterhemp populations with resistance to glyphosate, ALS-, PPO-, PSII-, and HPPD-inhibiting herbicides, which are some of the most common mechanisms of action currently utilized for the control of this species in corn and soybean production systems. Additionally, these results indicate that slightly more than half of the populations tested exhibit resistance to more than one herbicide mechanisms of action. Managing the current resistance levels in existing populations is of utmost importance. The use of multiple, effective herbicide modes of action, both preemergence and postemergence, and the integration of optimum cultural and mechanical control practices will be vital in the management of Missouri waterhemp populations in the future.

A Trp574 to Leu Amino Acid Substitution in the ALS Gene of Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Is Associated with Resistance to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Scott McElroy ◽  
Michael L. Flessner ◽  
Zhuoyu Wang ◽  
Fenny Dane ◽  
Robert H. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Point Mutation ◽  
Amino Acid Substitution ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Annual Bluegrass

Annual bluegrass is commonly controlled by acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in managed turfgrass. An annual bluegrass population with suspected resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides was collected from Grand National Golf Course in Opelika, AL (GN population). Subsequent testing confirmed resistance of the GN population to foramsulfuron, trifloxysulfuron, bispyribac-sodium (bispyribac), and imazaquin when compared to a susceptible population collected locally at Auburn University (AU population). Sequencing of the ALS gene revealed a point mutation resulting in an amino acid substitution at Trp574. Cloning of the ALS gene surrounding the Trp574 region yielded two distinct ALS gene sequences: one producing Trp574 and one producing Leu574. Trp574 to Leu has been previously correlated with resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Both AU and GN gene sequences contained other similar silent and missense mutations. This research confirms resistance of annual bluegrass to ALS-inhibiting herbicides with Trp574 to Leu amino acid substitution being the most likely mode of resistance based on past literature.

scholarly journals The Intracellular Immune Receptor Sw-5b Confers Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Tospoviruses through Recognition of a Conserved 21-Amino Acid Viral Effector Epitope

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 2214-2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhu ◽  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Baohui Bai ◽  
Wenyang Zhao ◽  
Xiaojiao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Immune Receptor ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

A New Mutation in PlantALSConfers Resistance to Five Classes of ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory M. Whaley ◽  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
James H. Westwood
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Substitution ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Als Inhibitor ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Experiments were conducted to evaluate a biotype of smooth pigweed that had survived applications of sulfonylurea (SU) and imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides in a single season. The source field had a history of repeated acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide use over several years. Whole-plant response experiments evaluated the resistant (R11) biotype and an ALS-inhibitor susceptible (S) smooth pigweed biotype to herbicides from the SU, IMI, pyrimidinylthiobenzoate (PTB), and triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide (TP) chemical families. The R11 biotype exhibited 60- to 3,200-fold resistance to all four ALS-Inhibiting herbicide chemistries compared with the S biotype. Nucleotide sequence comparison ofALSgenes from R11 and S biotypes revealed a single nucleotide difference that resulted in R11 having an amino acid substitution of aspartate to glutamate at position 376, as numbered relative to the protein sequence of mouseearcress. This is the first report of an amino acid substitution at this position of anALSgene isolated from a field-selected weed biotype. To verify the role of this mutation in herbicide resistance, theALSgene was cloned and expressed inArabidopsis. TransgenicArabidopsisexpressing thisALSgene exhibited resistance to SU, IMI, PTB, TP, and sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone ALS-Inhibiting herbicide classes.

scholarly journals In70 of Plasmid pAX22, ablaVIM-1-Containing Integron Carrying a New Aminoglycoside Phosphotransferase Gene Cassette

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1249-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Letizia Riccio ◽  
Lucia Pallecchi ◽  
Roberta Fontana ◽  
Gian Maria Rossolini
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Aminoglycoside Phosphotransferase ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACT An Achromobacter xylosoxydans strain showing broad-spectrum resistance to β-lactams (including carbapenems) and aminoglycosides was isolated at the University Hospital of Verona (Verona, Italy). This strain was found to produce metallo-β-lactamase activity and to harbor a 30-kb nonconjugative plasmid, named pAX22, carrying abla VIM-1 determinant inserted into a class 1 integron. Characterization of this integron, named In70, revealed an original array of four gene cassettes containing, respectively, thebla VIM-1 gene and three different aminoglycoside resistance determinants, including an aacA4allele, a new aph-like gene named aphA15, and an aadA1 allele. The aphA15 gene is the first example of an aph-like gene carried on a mobile gene cassette, and its product exhibits close similarity to the APH(3′)-IIa aminoglycoside phosphotransferase encoded by Tn5 (36% amino acid identity) and to an APH(3′)-IIb enzyme fromPseudomonas aeruginosa (38% amino acid identity). Expression of the cloned aphA15 gene in Escherichia coli reduced the susceptibility to kanamycin and neomycin as well as (slightly) to amikacin, netilmicin, and streptomycin. Characterization of the 5′ and 3′ conserved segments of In70 and of their flanking regions showed that In70 belongs to the group of class 1 integrons associated with defective transposon derivatives originating from Tn402-like elements. The structure of the 3′ conserved segment indicates the closest ancestry with members of the In0-In2 lineage. In70, with its array of cassette-borne resistance genes, can mediate broad-spectrum resistance to most β-lactams and aminoglycosides.

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