scholarly journals Fungal isolate and crop cultivar influence the beneficial effects of root inoculation with entomopathogenic fungi in strawberry

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1472-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Canassa ◽  
Celeste P D'Alessandro ◽  
Sidcleide B Sousa ◽  
Clarice GB Demétrio ◽  
Nicolai V Meyling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals Physiological and agronomic characteristics of the common bean as affected by multifunctional microorganisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-618
Author(s):  
Cássia Cristina Rezende ◽  
◽  
Laylla Luanna de Mello Frasca ◽  
Mariana Aguiar Silva ◽  
Rafael Augusto Corrêa Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
The Common ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Common Bean Plants

Multifunctional microorganisms (MMs) can have beneficial effects on plants through direct and indirect mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the effect of MMs on shoot and root biomass production; gas exchange; content of macronutrients in the shoots, roots and grains; yield components; and grain yield of common bean plants. A completely randomized design with twenty-six treatments and three replications was used under controlled conditions. Treatments consisted of the application of MMs and their combinations in pairs, with the nine rhizobacteria isolates BRM 32109, BRM 32110 and 1301 (Bacillus sp.), BRM 32111 and BRM 32112 (Pseudomonas sp.), BRM 32113 (Burkholderia sp.), BRM 32114 (Serratia sp.), 1381 (Azospirillum sp.) and Ab-V5 (Azospirillum brasilense); an edaphic fungal isolate T-26 (Trichoderma koningiopsis); and a control (without MMs). These MMs were applied at three time points: microbiolization of the seeds, watering the soil seven days after sowing (DAS) and spraying the plants with 21 DAS. In comparison to the control plants, the isolates 1301 and T-26, in addition to the combinations Ab-V5 + T-26, BRM 32114 + BRM 32110 and 1381 + T-26, provided better results, with an increase of 36.5% in the grain yield, a higher accumulation of biomass (78.0%) and a higher content of N, P and K (42.6, 67.8 and 25.7%, respectively) in the shoots of common bean plants. Therefore, the results allow us to infer that the use of MMs is a good strategy for increasing common bean grain yields.

The fungal endophyteFusarium solaniprovokes differential effects on the energy balance of twoLotusspecies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira S. Nieva ◽  
Juan M. Vilas ◽  
Andrés Gárriz ◽  
Santiago J. Maiale ◽  
Ana B. Menéndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Contrasting Effect

AbstractBackground and aimsThe interactions established between plants and endophytic fungi span acontinuumfrom beneficial to pathogenic associations. The aim of this work was to explore the mechanisms underlying the potentially beneficial effects provoked by a fungal strain in legume species of the genusLotus.MethodsThe ability to solubilise phosphorous was evaluated in nine fungal strains isolated from roots ofL. tenuis. A selected strain was further assessed for its ability to colonize plant roots in differentLotusspecies. The effects of the two interactions were assessed by analysis of the photosynthesis, sugar amount, and macronutrient status of leaves and roots.ResultsA fungal isolate identified asFusarium solanishows the highest phosphate-solubilisation activity and grows endophytically in roots ofL. japonicusandL. tenuis. Fungal invasion enhances plant growth inL. japonicusbut provokes a contrasting effect inL. tenuis. Photosynthesis, sugars and K content showed a differential effect in both plant species.ConclusionsOur results indicate neither of the plant species evaluated in this work were significantly stressed byF. solani. Thus, the differential responses observed are due to distinct mechanisms involving photosynthesis, potassium homeostasis, and carbohydrate metabolism that are employed by plants to maintain fitness during the endophytic interaction.

scholarly journals Characterization of entomopathogenic fungi as a natural biological control of American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
EMANTIS ROSA ◽  
C.N. EKOWATI ◽  
TUNDJUNG TRIPENI HANDAYANI ◽  
AHMAD IKHSANUDIN ◽  
FERLY APRILIANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Chitinase Activity ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Abstract. Rosa E, Ekowati CN, Handayani TT, Ikhsanudin A, Apriliani F, Arifiyanto A. 2020. Characterization of entomopathogenic fungi as a natural biological control of American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana). Biodiversitas 21: 5276-5282. Eradicating cockroaches using chemical insecticides produces residues that contaminate the environment and promote insect resistance. Biological control has become an option for controlling cockroaches. The use of entomopathogenic fungi is one of them. The aim of this study was to obtain a fungal isolate that was effective at killing cockroaches. The result of entomopathogenic fungi isolation from cockroaches obtained 4 isolates, IK1, IK2, IK3 isolates were included in the Aspergillus genus while IK4 was Penicillium. Extracellular enzymes serve as screening materials for biocontrol candidates. IK1 and IK3 isolates showed higher chitinase activity than the other two isolates. The highest mortality of Periplaneta americana at nymphs stage was 60% achieved by the treatment of Aspergillus sp. IK3 with a concentration of 109 conidia/ mL. In adult stage cockroach the mortality was increased to 86%.

scholarly journals Can Potato Plants Be Colonized with the Fungi Metarhizium and Beauveria under Their Natural Load in Agrosystems?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1373
Author(s):  
Maksim Tyurin ◽  
Marsel R. Kabilov ◽  
Natalia Smirnova ◽  
Oksana G. Tomilova ◽  
Olga Yaroslavtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Plant Colonization ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Kitchen Gardens ◽  
Microbiological Analyses

Beauveria and Metarhizium fungi are facultative plant endophytes that provide plant growth-stimulating, immunomodulatory, and other beneficial effects. However, little is known about the level of plant colonization by these fungi under natural conditions. We assessed the endophytic colonization of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) with entomopathogenic fungi at their natural load in soils (102–104 colony-forming units per g). Microbiological analyses of soils and plant organs, as well as a metagenomic analysis of potato roots and leaves, were conducted in three locations in Western Siberia, consisting of conventional agrosystems and kitchen gardens. The fungi were isolated at a relatively high frequency from unsterilized roots (up to 53% of Metarhizium-positive plants). However, the fungi were sparsely isolated from the internal tissues of roots, stems, and leaves (3%). Among the genus Metarhizium, two species, M. robertsii and M. brunneum, were detected in plants as well as in soils, and the first species was predominant. A metagenomic analysis of internal potato tissues showed a low relative abundance of Beauveria and Metarhizium (<0.3%), and the communities were represented primarily by phytopathogens. We suggest that colonization of the internal tissues of potatoes occurs sporadically under a natural load of entomopathogenic fungi in soils. The lack of stable colonization of potato plants with Beauveria and Metarhizium may be due to competition with phytopathogens.

Nuclear receptors in disease: the oestrogen receptors

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nilsson ◽  
Karin Dahlman-Wright ◽  
Jan-Åke Gustafsson
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Oestrogen Receptors ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Family

For several decades, it has been known that oestrogens are essential for human health. The discovery that there are two oestrogen receptors (ERs), ERalpha and ERbeta, has facilitated our understanding of how the hormone exerts its physiological effects. The ERs belong to the family of ligand-activated nuclear receptors, which act by modulating the expression of target genes. Studies of ER-knockout (ERKO) mice have been instrumental in defining the relevance of a given receptor subtype in a certain tissue. Phenotypes displayed by ERKO mice suggest diseases in which dysfunctional ERs might be involved in aetiology and pathology. Association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ER genes and disease have been demonstrated in several cases. Selective ER modulators (SERMs), which are selective with regard to their effects in a certain cell type, already exist. Since oestrogen has effects in many tissues, the goal with a SERM is to provide beneficial effects in one target tissue while avoiding side effects in others. Refined SERMs will, in the future, provide improved therapeutic strategies for existing and novel indications.

ACE2 as therapeutic agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (19) ◽  
pp. 2581-2595
Author(s):  
Qiuhong Li ◽  
Maria B. Grant ◽  
Elaine M. Richards ◽  
Mohan K. Raizada
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Future Challenges

Abstract The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has emerged as a critical regulator of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), which plays important roles in cardiovascular homeostasis by regulating vascular tone, fluid and electrolyte balance. ACE2 functions as a carboxymonopeptidase hydrolyzing the cleavage of a single C-terminal residue from Angiotensin-II (Ang-II), the key peptide hormone of RAS, to form Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)), which binds to the G-protein–coupled Mas receptor and activates signaling pathways that counteract the pathways activated by Ang-II. ACE2 is expressed in a variety of tissues and overwhelming evidence substantiates the beneficial effects of enhancing ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis under many pathological conditions in these tissues in experimental models. This review will provide a succinct overview on current strategies to enhance ACE2 as therapeutic agent, and discuss limitations and future challenges. ACE2 also has other functions, such as acting as a co-factor for amino acid transport and being exploited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoVs) as cellular entry receptor, the implications of these functions in development of ACE2-based therapeutics will also be discussed.

174 Early beneficial effects of vasopeptidase inhibtion n an experimental model of heart failure

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
B SHIVALKAR ◽  
B MEURIS ◽  
R VANBENEDEN ◽  
J KETESLEGERS ◽  
F BECKERS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Association of Vitamin D Status With Liver and Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials, and Cross-Sectional and Cohort Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh ◽  
Majid Rezayi ◽  
Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
Hamideh Ghazizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract. Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a major public health problem. There are few comprehensive systematic reviews about the relationship between Vitamin D status and liver and renal disease in Iran. Methods: We systemically searched the following databases: Web of Science; PubMed; Cochrane Library; Scopus; Science Direct; Google Scholar and two Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database (SID) and IranMedex) up until November 2017 to identify all randomized control trials (RCTs), case control, cross-sectional and cohort studies investigating the association between vitamin D and any form of liver or kidney disease. Results: Vitamin D insufficiency, or deficiency (VDD), is highly prevalent in Iran, reports varying between 44.4% in Isfahan to 98% in Gorgan. There is also a high prevalence of VDD among patients with liver or kidney disease, and the administration of vitamin D supplements may have beneficial effects on lipid profile, blood glucose, liver function and fatty liver disease, and bone health. Low serum vitamin D levels are related with abnormalities in these laboratory and clinical parameters. Conclusion: VDD is prevalent in patients with chronic liver or renal disease in Iran. There appear to be several beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation in vitamin D deficient patients with liver or kidney disease.

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