Altered proteins of the anterior cingulate cortex white matter proteome in schizophrenia

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Clark ◽  
Irina Dedova ◽  
Stuart Cordwell ◽  
Izuru Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Altered Proteins

scholarly journals Genes in immune pathways associated with abnormal white matter integrity in first-episode and treatment-naïve patients with schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-287
Author(s):  
Bo Xiang ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Wei Lei ◽  
Mingli Li ◽  
Yinfei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Rare Variants ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Left And Right

BackgroundPrevious studies have inferred a strong genetic component in schizophrenia. However, the genetic variants involved in the susceptibility to schizophrenia remain unclear.AimsTo detect potential gene pathways and networks associated with schizophrenia, and to explore the relationship between common and rare variants in these pathways and abnormal white matter integrity in schizophrenia.MethodThe analysis included 100 first-episode treatment-naïve patients with schizophrenia and 140 healthy controls. A network-based analysis was carried out on the data collected from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Phase I (PGC-I). Based on our genome-wide association study and whole-exome sequencing data-sets, we performed a gene-set analysis to detect associations between the combining effects of common and rare genetic variants and abnormal white matter integrity in schizophrenia.ResultsPatients had significantly reduced functional anisotropy in the left and right anterior cingulate cortex, left and right precuneus and extra-nuclear (t = 4.61–5.10, PFDR < 0.01), compared with controls. Generated from co-expression network analysis of the PGC-1 summary statistics of schizophrenia, a subnetwork of 207 genes associated with schizophrenia was identified (P < 0.01), and 176 genes were co-expressed in four gene modules. Functional enrichment analysis for genes in each module revealed that the yellow module was enriched with highly co-expressed, innate immune response genes. Furthermore, rare variants of enriched genes in the yellow module were associated with reduced functional anisotropy in the left anterior cingulate cortex (P = 0.006; Padjusted = 0.024) in patients only.ConclusionsThe pathogenesis of schizophrenia may be substantially influenced by genes involved in the immune system, via both pathway and network.Declaration of interestsNone.

scholarly journals Fatty acid dysregulation in the anterior cingulate cortex of depressed suicides with a history of child abuse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Perlman ◽  
Raphael Chouinard-Watkins ◽  
Arnaud Tanti ◽  
Giulia Cisbani ◽  
Massimiliano Orri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
History Of

Child abuse (CA) strongly increases the lifetime risk of suffering from major depression and predicts an unfavorable course for the illness. Severe CA has been associated with a specific dysregulation of oligodendrocyte function and thinner myelin sheaths in the human anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) white matter. Given that myelin is extremely lipid-rich, it is plausible that these findings may be accompanied by a disruption of the lipid profile that composes the myelin sheath. This is important to explore since the composition of fatty acids (FA) in myelin phospholipids can influence its stability, permeability, and compactness. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify and compare FA concentrations in postmortem ACC white matter in the choline glycerophospholipid pool (ChoGpl), a key myelin phospholipid pool, between adult depressed suicides with a history of CA (DS-CA) matched depressed suicides without CA (DS) and healthy non-psychiatric controls (CTRL). Total lipids were extracted according to the Folch method and separated into respective classes using thin-layer chromatography. FA methyl esters from the ChoGpl fraction were quantified using gas chromatography. Our analysis revealed a strong age-related decrease in most FAs, and specific effects of CA in FAs from the arachidonic acid synthesis pathway, which was further validated with RNA-sequencing data. Furthermore, the concentration of most FAs was found to decrease with age. By extending the previous molecular level findings linking CA with altered myelination in the ACC, these results provide further insights regarding white matter alterations associated with early-life adversity.

scholarly journals One-Year Change in Anterior Cingulate Cortex White Matter Microstructure: Relationship With Late-Life Depression Outcomes

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren D. Taylor ◽  
James R. MacFall ◽  
Brian Boyd ◽  
Martha E. Payne ◽  
Yvette I. Sheline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Fatty acid dysregulation in the anterior cingulate cortex of depressed suicides with a history of child abuse

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Perlman ◽  
Raphaël Chouinard-Watkins ◽  
Arnaud Tanti ◽  
Giulia Cisbani ◽  
Massimiliano Orri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
History Of

AbstractChild abuse (CA) strongly increases the lifetime risk of suffering from major depression and predicts an unfavorable course for the illness. Severe CA has been associated with a specific dysregulation of oligodendrocyte function and thinner myelin sheaths in the human anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) white matter. Given that myelin is extremely lipid-rich, it is plausible that these findings may be accompanied by a disruption of the lipid profile that composes the myelin sheath. This is important to explore since the composition of fatty acids (FA) in myelin phospholipids can influence its stability, permeability, and compactness. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify and compare FA concentrations in postmortem ACC white matter in the choline glycerophospholipid pool (ChoGpl), a key myelin phospholipid pool, between adult depressed suicides with a history of CA (DS-CA) matched depressed suicides without CA (DS) and healthy non-psychiatric controls (CTRL). Total lipids were extracted from 101 subjects according to the Folch method and separated into respective classes using thin-layer chromatography. FA methyl esters from the ChoGpl fraction were quantified using gas chromatography. Our analysis revealed specific effects of CA in FAs from the arachidonic acid synthesis pathway, which was further validated with RNA-sequencing data. Furthermore, the concentration of most FAs was found to decrease with age. By extending the previous molecular level findings linking CA with altered myelination in the ACC, these results provide further insights regarding white matter alterations associated with early-life adversity.

scholarly journals Cannabis, Connectivity, and Coming of Age: Associations between Cannabis Use and Anterior Cingulate Cortex Connectivity during the Transition to Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah D. Lichenstein ◽  
Daniel S. Shaw ◽  
Erika E. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

AbstractBackgroundCannabis use is common among adolescents and emerging adults and is associated with significant adverse consequences for a subset of users. Rates of use peak between the ages of 18-25, yet the neurobiological consequences for neural systems that are actively developing during this time remain poorly understood. In particular, cannabis exposure may interfere with adaptive development of white matter pathways underlying connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex, including the cingulum and anterior thalamic radiations (ATR).MethodsThe current study examined the association between cannabis use during adolescence and emerging adulthood and white matter microstructure of the cingulum and ATR among 158 male subjects enrolled in the Pitt Mother & Child Project, a prospective, longitudinal study of risk and resilience among men of low socioeconomic status. Participants were recruited in infancy, completed follow-up assessments throughout childhood and adolescence, and underwent diffusion imaging at age 20 and 22.ResultsAt age 20, moderate cannabis use across adolescence (age 12-19) was associated with higher fractional anisotropy of the cingulum and ATR, relative to both minimal and heavy adolescent use. Longitudinally, moderate and heavy extended cannabis use (age 12-21) was associated with reduced positive change in FA in both pathways from age 20 to 22, relative to minimal use.ConclusionsThese results suggest that precocious white matter development may be linked to increased risk for use, whereas cannabis exposure may delay white matter maturation during the transition to adulthood and potentially impact individuals’ functioning later in development.

scholarly journals Changes in white matter in mice resulting from low-frequency brain stimulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (27) ◽  
pp. E6339-E6346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise M. Piscopo ◽  
Aldis P. Weible ◽  
Mary K. Rothbart ◽  
Michael I. Posner ◽  
Cristopher M. Niell
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Subcortical White Matter ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Recent reports have begun to elucidate mechanisms by which learning and experience produce white matter changes in the brain. We previously reported changes in white matter surrounding the anterior cingulate cortex in humans after 2–4 weeks of meditation training. We further found that low-frequency optogenetic stimulation of the anterior cingulate in mice increased time spent in the light in a light/dark box paradigm, suggesting decreased anxiety similar to what is observed following meditation training. Here, we investigated the impact of this stimulation at the cellular level. We found that laser stimulation in the range of 1–8 Hz results in changes to subcortical white matter projection fibers in the corpus callosum. Specifically, stimulation resulted in increased oligodendrocyte proliferation, accompanied by a decrease in the g-ratio within the corpus callosum underlying the anterior cingulate cortex. These results suggest that low-frequency stimulation can result in activity-dependent remodeling of myelin, giving rise to enhanced connectivity and altered behavior.

Neuropathological studies of bipolar disorder

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Structural Imaging ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACTThe few available neuropathological studies of bipolar disorder are reviewed and placed in the context of structural imaging findings. Candidate pathological processes include cy-toarchitectural abnormalities, particularly in the anterior cingulate cortex and affecting glia, and disruption of white matter connections. The possible neuropathological relationship of bipolar disorder with major depression and with schizophrenia is discussed.

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