Effect of oral care in reducing the incidence of early‐onset ventilator‐associated pneumonia in preterm infants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Katayama ◽  
Hiromi Takanishi ◽  
Yumi Sato ◽  
Satoshi Fujita ◽  
Masahiro Enomoto
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

scholarly journals Timelines of Oral Care and Early-Onset Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Prevention

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Francoeur
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Early Application

<p>Hospital-acquired infections, including ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and associated with increased costs and length of stay (Chastre & Fagon, 2002; NNIS, 2004). Ventilator associated pneumonia is believed to primarily result from aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions around the endotracheal tube cuff into the lungs (Grap, Munro, Unoki, Hamilton, & Ward, 2012). A randomized control trial tested early application of oral chlorhexidine (CHG) on oral microbial flora and VAP in trauma patients and suggested that early (within 12 hours of intubation) application may reduce VAP rates in trauma patients (Grap, Munro, Hamilton, Elswick, Sessler & Ward, 2011). The VAP rate in a local Level 1 trauma center, 11-bed trauma intensive care unit (TICU) was 8.7 per 1000 device days, above the national average (NHSN, 2011). The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the time of insertion of an endotracheal tube and first CHG application and early onset (within 72 hours of intubation) VAP. A retrospective chart review of the records of randomly selected adult intubated trauma patients hospitalized on the TICU was conducted. Collected data included: time of intubation; timing of CHG application; VAP occurrences; and length of intubation. Less than half (45.8%) of patients received early CHG application, and most (79.2%) were intubated in the emergency department (ED), suggesting that VAP prevention measures begin in the ED. Of the patients reviewed, five developed VAP; three occurred in patients who had received oral CHG within 12 hours of intubation. A CNS-driven collaboration with other disciplines and departments is essential to implement VAP prevention measures and provide comprehensive, quality care.</p>

The effect of early-onset preeclampsia on the intestinal blood flow of preterm infants

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Manso de Carvalho Pelicia ◽  
Saskia Maria Wiegerinck Fekete ◽  
José Eduardo Corrente ◽  
Ligia Maria Suppo de Souza Rugolo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Intestinal Blood Flow ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia

Oral Care, Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, and Counting Cultures

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-509
Author(s):  
Christelle Lizy ◽  
Nele Brusselaers ◽  
Sonia Labeau ◽  
Dominique Vandijck ◽  
David De Wandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Care ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

Association between early onset of skin-to-skin contact and mother-infant interaction at hospital discharge and six months of corrected age among preterm infants

2021 ◽  
pp. 105525
Author(s):  
Cynthia Ribeiro do Nascimento Nunes ◽  
Nathalia Freitas de Faria ◽  
Juliana Rodrigues Peixoto Arruda ◽  
Marcelle D'Ávila Diniz Bartholomeu ◽  
Gislene Cristina Valadares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Skin To Skin

scholarly journals Etiology and resistance patterns of bacteria causing ventilator-associated pneumonia in a respiratory intensive care unit

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 954-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlada Injac ◽  
Uros Batranovic ◽  
Jovan Matijasevic ◽  
Marija Vukoja ◽  
Mirjana Hadnadjev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Background/Aim. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) incidence, causative pathogens, and resistance patterns are different among countries and intensive care units (ICUs). In Europe, resistant organisms have progressively increased in the last decade. However, there is a lack of data from Serbian ICUs. The aims of this study were to evaluate etiology and antimicrobial resistance for pathogens causing VAP in ICU patients, to examine whether there were differences among pathogens in early-onset and late-onset VAP and to identify mortality in patients with VAP after 30 and 60 days of hospitalization. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the respiratory ICU and all adult patients diagnosed with VAP from 2009 to 2014 were included. Results. Gram negative organisms were the major pathogens (80.3%). The most commonly isolated was Acinetobacter spp (59.8%). There was a statistically significant increase in the incidence of infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.9% vs 25.6%; p = 0.019). Extensively drugresistant strains (XDR) were the most common (78.7%). Lateonset VAP was developed in 81.1% of patients without differences among pathogens in comparison with early-onset VAP. Acinetobacter spp was susceptible to tigecycline and colistin with a significant increase in resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam (30.2% vs 58.6%; p = 0.01). Resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems was 38% and 11%, respectively. In methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus no resistance was observed against vancomycin and linezolid. There was no difference in mortality rate between patients with earlyonset and late-onset VAP after 30 and 60 days of hospitalization. Conclusion. Gram negative organisms were the primary cause of bacterial VAP of which the most common was the XDR strain of Acinetobacter spp. Patients with early- and late-onset VAP had the same pathogens. There was no difference in mortality between this two group of patients during 60 days of hospitalization.

scholarly journals cfDNA and DNases: New Biomarkers of Sepsis in Preterm Neonates—A Pilot Study

Cells ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Moritz Lenz ◽  
Thomas Maiberger ◽  
Lina Armbrust ◽  
Antonia Kiwit ◽  
Axel Von der Wense ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Suspected Sepsis ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction: An early and accurate diagnosis of early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and late onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) is essential to improve the outcome of this devastating conditions. Especially, preterm infants are at risk. Reliable biomarkers are rare, clinical decision-making depends on clinical appearance and multiple laboratory findings. Markers of NET formation and NET turnover might improve diagnostic precision. Aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of NETs in sepsis diagnosis in neonatal preterm infants. Methods: Plasma samples of neonatal preterm infants with suspected sepsis were collected. Blood samples were assayed for markers of NET formation and NET turnover: cfDNA, DNase1, nucleosome, NE, and H3Cit. All clinical findings, values of laboratory markers, and epidemiological characteristics were collected retrospectively. Two subpopulations were created to divide EONS from LONS. EMA sepsis criteria for neonatal sepsis were used to generate a sepsis group (EMA positive) and a control group (EMA negative). Results: A total of 31 preterm neonates with suspected sepsis were included. Out of these, nine patients met the criteria for sepsis according to EMA. Regarding early onset neonatal sepsis (3 EONS vs. 10 controls), cfDNA, DNase I, nucleosome, and CRP were elevated significantly. H3Cit and NE did not show any significant elevations. In the late onset sepsis collective (6 LONS vs. 12 controls), cfDNA, DNase I, and CRP differed significantly compared to control group.

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EARLY-ONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS IN PRETERM INFANTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Tetiana Klymenko ◽  
Kateryna Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Epidemiological Monitoring ◽  
Sources Of Infection ◽  
Group B

Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among premature infants. Conducting high-quality epidemiological monitoring is an important condition for effective tactics treatment neonatal infections and improving the quality of medical care for this category of newborn. The aim. Determination of the value of microbiological triggers in the blood in various clinical options for EONS in preterm infants. Materials and methods. Clinical and microbiological data on 50 prematurely born newborns with EONS were selected. The analysis of the frequency of detected bacteremia, the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms and the clinical characteristics of neonatal sepsis. Results. In the study, sources of infection were detected in 94 % of cases. Positive blood cultures were obtained in 17 (34 %) newborns with EONS. 61.5 % of all cases of bacteremia were caused by coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS). Gram-negative pathogens were detected in 23.5 % of positive blood cultures, representatives of this group were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. The overall mortality rate from EONS was 30 %. Conclusions. The incidence of sepsis confirmed by a positive blood culture was 34 %. The most common cause of EONS is CoNS, low incidence of group B Streptococcus sepsis has been established. The most frequent septicopymic sources of infection were the lungs, which is expressed in the high incidence (94 %) of X-ray pneumonia in the structure of the EONS.

Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants With Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 635-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Stoll ◽  
Nellie I. Hansen ◽  
Rosemary D. Higgins ◽  
Avroy A. Fanaroff ◽  
Shahnaz Duara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight

Tracheal colonisation within 24 h of intubation in patients with head trauma: risk factor for developing early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1369-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Sirvent ◽  
A. Torres ◽  
L. Vidaur ◽  
J. Armengol ◽  
J. de Batlle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia
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