Tracheal colonisation within 24 h of intubation in patients with head trauma: risk factor for developing early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1369-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Sirvent ◽  
A. Torres ◽  
L. Vidaur ◽  
J. Armengol ◽  
J. de Batlle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

Retrospective Analysis of the Risk Factors and Pathogens Associated With Early-onset Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Surgical-ICU Head-trauma Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Lepelletier ◽  
Antoine Roquilly ◽  
Dominique Demeure dit latte ◽  
Pierre Joachim Mahe ◽  
Olivier Loutrel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Surgical Icu

scholarly journals Before the light fades, who blows the whistle? : a narrative review on sports dementia

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S290-S291
Author(s):  
Olusegun Sodiya ◽  
Ovwigho Edafegwotu ◽  
Jide Jeje
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
American Football ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
Early Onset Dementia ◽  
The Impact

AimsTraumatic brain injury is a leading risk factor for degenerative conditions. Although in the past this was believed to affect mostly boxers, recent studies have expanded the at-risk population to include American football players, rugby players, hockey players and other athletes involved in contact sports. Hence, there has been growing interest in the media and the public at large on the short and long term impacts of head trauma in sportspersons. The aim of this study is provide an overview of the impact of traumatic brain injury in contact sports and the link to early onset dementia.MethodFor the purpose of this study we conducted a literature search using PubMed electronic base and Google scholar. The search was made in February 2021 and using the following keywords ‘early onset dementia’, ‘presenile dementia’, ‘traumatic brain injury’, ‘contact sports’, ‘sportsmen’, and ‘athletes’. The search words were used individually and in combination to gather relevant articles. Types of studies included were case reports, case series, cohorts, cross-sectional, editorial and newspaper articles.ResultMost of the published studies have shown significant associations between repeated head trauma and brain morphological changes evidenced by the presence of myelinated axons, astrocytosis, perivascular neuroinflammation and formation of phosphorylated Tau proteinopathy. These contribute significantly to alterations in axonal functioning and synaptic transmissions which sets the stage for neuronal degeneration. These changes affect both the macroscopic and microscopic structures with consequent neurochemical disturbances and functional deficits which, manifest primarily as executive dysfunction.ConclusionCurrent evidence supports an association between participation in contact sports and neurodegenerative disease, despite the protective aspects of sporting activities. Overall the studies reviewed have shown that brain injury remains a potent risk factor for the early onset dementia seen in sportspersons. Consequently, it is prudent for more proactive and precautionary measures to be put in place to reduce impacts of head injury and to better identify and manage brain injury in sports.

A comparison between risk-factor guidance for neonatal early-onset sepsis and Kaiser Permanente sepsis risk calculator in a Greek cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 105331
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Rallis ◽  
Foteini Balomenou ◽  
Konstantina Karantanou ◽  
Kleio Kappatou ◽  
Meropi Tzoufi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Risk Calculator ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Sepsis Risk

Is SGSH heterozygosity a risk factor for early‐onset neurodegenerative disease?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan L. Douglass ◽  
Helen Beard ◽  
Andrew Shoubridge ◽  
Nazzmer Nazri ◽  
Barbara King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disease ◽  
Early Onset

Breast cancer family history as a risk factor for early onset breast cancer

1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry T. Lynch ◽  
Patrice Watson ◽  
Theresa Conway ◽  
Mary Lee Fitzsimmons ◽  
Jane Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family History ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Early Onset Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Family ◽  
Cancer Family ◽  
Cancer Family History ◽  
Breast Cancer Family History

Early onset of drinking as a risk factor for lifetime alcohol-related problems

Addiction ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 1199-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. PATRICIA CHOU ◽  
ROGER P. PICKERING
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the main mortality risk factor in patients following cardiac surgery

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 176-177
Author(s):  
Rodríguez M. Heredia ◽  
Urbón A. Fernández ◽  
Serrano E. Carrasco ◽  
Jareño M.T. Peláez ◽  
Rafael B. Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

scholarly journals Etiology and resistance patterns of bacteria causing ventilator-associated pneumonia in a respiratory intensive care unit

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 954-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlada Injac ◽  
Uros Batranovic ◽  
Jovan Matijasevic ◽  
Marija Vukoja ◽  
Mirjana Hadnadjev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Background/Aim. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) incidence, causative pathogens, and resistance patterns are different among countries and intensive care units (ICUs). In Europe, resistant organisms have progressively increased in the last decade. However, there is a lack of data from Serbian ICUs. The aims of this study were to evaluate etiology and antimicrobial resistance for pathogens causing VAP in ICU patients, to examine whether there were differences among pathogens in early-onset and late-onset VAP and to identify mortality in patients with VAP after 30 and 60 days of hospitalization. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the respiratory ICU and all adult patients diagnosed with VAP from 2009 to 2014 were included. Results. Gram negative organisms were the major pathogens (80.3%). The most commonly isolated was Acinetobacter spp (59.8%). There was a statistically significant increase in the incidence of infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.9% vs 25.6%; p = 0.019). Extensively drugresistant strains (XDR) were the most common (78.7%). Lateonset VAP was developed in 81.1% of patients without differences among pathogens in comparison with early-onset VAP. Acinetobacter spp was susceptible to tigecycline and colistin with a significant increase in resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam (30.2% vs 58.6%; p = 0.01). Resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems was 38% and 11%, respectively. In methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus no resistance was observed against vancomycin and linezolid. There was no difference in mortality rate between patients with earlyonset and late-onset VAP after 30 and 60 days of hospitalization. Conclusion. Gram negative organisms were the primary cause of bacterial VAP of which the most common was the XDR strain of Acinetobacter spp. Patients with early- and late-onset VAP had the same pathogens. There was no difference in mortality between this two group of patients during 60 days of hospitalization.

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