Effects of depression and anxiety on mortality in a mixed cancer group: a longitudinal approach using standardised diagnostic interviews

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 718-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryn Mei Hsien Chan ◽  
Wan Azman Wan Ahmad ◽  
Mastura MD Yusof ◽  
Gwo-Fuang Ho ◽  
Edward Krupat
Keyword(s):  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
Group A

Effects of Diaphragmatic Breathing and Systematic Relaxation on Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Yadav ◽  
Rajeev Mohan Kaushik ◽  
Reshma Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Diaphragmatic Breathing ◽  
Group A ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Group B ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract This prospective study assessed the effects of diaphragmatic breathing and systematic relaxation on depression, anxiety, and stress levels, as well as glycemic control, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). One hundred patients with T2DM were randomly assigned to two equal groups: Group A patients received conventional treatment for T2DM, and Group B patients received conventional treatment for T2DM plus training in diaphragmatic breathing and systematic relaxation and home practice of these stress-management techniques for 6 months. Stress, depression, and anxiety levels, blood sugar, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were recorded at baseline and after 6 months of treatment in all patients. Baseline characteristics were compared using the chi-square test and student’s t test. Changes in mental well-being and glycemic status were assessed for their significance in each group using student’s t test and compared between two groups using one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Baseline levels of the respective change outcome and duration of diabetes were used as covariates in the ANCOVA. A significant decrease was seen in depression, anxiety, and stress scores in Group B, but in Group A only the stress score decreased after 6 months. A significant decline occurred in blood sugar (fasting, 2-hour postprandial, and random) and HbA1c in both groups after 6 months. There was a larger decrease in depression and anxiety scores and HbA1c in Group B than in Group A. The decrease in HbA1c was significantly correlated with the decrease in anxiety and stress scores in both groups and with the depression score in Group A. Thus, the addition of diaphragmatic breathing and systematic relaxation to conventional T2DM treatment appears to have led to improvement in mental well-being and glycemic control in patients with T2DM.

Patterns of co-morbidity in male suicide completers

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1299-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. KIM ◽  
A. LESAGE ◽  
M. SEGUIN ◽  
N. CHAWKY ◽  
C. VANIER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Substance Dependent ◽  
Group A ◽  
Community Controls ◽  
Suicide Completers

Background. Psychiatric co-morbidity is thought to be an important problem in suicide, but it has been little investigated. This study aims to investigate patterns of co-morbidity in a group of male suicide completers.Method. One hundred and fifteen male suicide completers from the Greater Montreal Area and 82 matched community controls were assessed using proxy-based diagnostic interviews. Patterns of co-morbidity were investigated using latent class analysis.Results. Three subgroups of male suicide completers were identified (L2=171·62, df=2012, P<0·05), they differed significantly in the amount of co-morbidity (Kruskal–Wallis χ2=71·227, df=2, P<0·000) and exhibited different diagnostic profiles. Co-morbidity was particularly found in subjects with disorders characterized by impulsive and impulsive–aggressive traits, whereas subjects without those traits had levels of co-morbidity which were not significantly different from those of controls (χ2=8·17, df=4, P=0·086).Conclusions. Suicide completers can be divided into at least three subgroups according to co-morbidity: a low co-morbidity group, a substance-dependent group and a group exhibiting childhood onset of psychopathology.

scholarly journals An investigation into the association between latent toxoplasmosis and suicide attempts among adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1437-1442
Author(s):  
Hüsniye Yucel ◽  
S Burak Acikel ◽  
Saliha Senel
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: There have been several studies investigating the association between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and psychiatric disorders although there is insufficient data on causality. Suicide, depression, and anxiety disorders have been especially investigated in this regard. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is any causal association between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and suicide attempts in adolescents. Methodology: This is a case-control study conducted between January and December 2019. A total of 27 adolescents who had attempted suicide and were aged between 12 and 18 years were included in the study. 26 age and sex ratio matched healthy volunteers were taken as the control group. A possible association between suicide attempts and Toxoplasma gondii serology (IgM and IgG) was investigated.. Results: The suicide attempt group consisted of 17 females and 10 males. The mean age was 15.9 ± 1.4 (13.5-17.9) years. Toxoplasma gondii IgG seropositivity was 3.7% (1/27) in the suicide attempt group and 3.8% (1/26) in the control group. There was no significant association between the suicide attempt group and the control group in terms of the presence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our study is one of the few studies examining the association between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and suicide attempts in adolescents yet we did not find any significant association. Further evidence is needed to clarify this controversial issue.

scholarly journals Delayed Improvement of Depression and Anxiety after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) in Stages of Extended Extra-Valvular Cardiac Damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1579
Author(s):  
Laura Bäz ◽  
Marisa Puscholt ◽  
Claudia Lasch ◽  
Mahmoud Diab ◽  
Sven Möbius-Winkler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Group A ◽  
Aortic Valve Implantation ◽  
Group B ◽  
Valve Implantation ◽  
Staging Classification

Background: Depression and anxiety are frequently occurring and likely to be linked to the severity of cardiac diseases like aortic stenosis (AS). This seems to be of interest since a staging classification of extra-valvular cardiac damage in AS has been introduced and shown to be of prognostic relevance. Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the frequency of depression and anxiety in association to staging and their dynamics after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Methods: A total number of 224 AS patients undergoing TAVI were classified according to the 2017 staging classification into stage 0 to 4 and further dichotomized into group A (stage 0 to 2) and B (stage 3 and 4). Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D), patients were assigned to depressive versus non-depressive or anxious versus non-anxious per staging group respectively, and analyzed at baseline, 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after TAVI. Results: After dichotomization, 158 patients (70.5%) were assigned to group A and 66 patients (29.5%) to group B. The part showing pathologic values for depression was 25.4% (57/224 patients) in the entire collective, 26.6% (42/158 patients) in group A and 22.7% (15/66 patients) in group B (p = n.s.). The proportion showing pathologic values for anxiety was 26.8% (60/224 patients) in the entire collective and did not differ between group A (24.7%, 39/158 patients) and B (31.8%, 21/66 patients) (p = n.s.). In patients revealing pathologic values for depression or anxiety prior to TAVI, there were significant and stable improvements over time observable already in short-term (6 weeks) follow-up in group A, and likewise, but later, in long-term (6/12 months) follow-up in group B. Conclusions: Although of proven prognostic relevance, higher stages of extra-valvular cardiac damage are not associated with higher rates of pre-existing depression or anxiety. The TAVI procedure resulted in a persisting reduction of depression and anxiety in patients showing pathologic values at baseline. Notably, these improvements are timely delayed in higher stages.

scholarly journals Lifestyle in Undergraduate Students and Demographically Matched Controls during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8133
Author(s):  
María Giner-Murillo ◽  
Beatriz Atienza-Carbonell ◽  
Jose Cervera-Martínez ◽  
Teresa Bobes-Bascarán ◽  
Benedicto Crespo-Facorro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A

Few studies have used a multidimensional approach to describe lifestyle changes among undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic or have included controls. This study aimed to evaluate lifestyle behaviors and mental health of undergraduate students and compare them with an age and sex-matched control group. A cross-sectional web survey using snowball sampling was conducted several months after the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. A sample of 221 students was recruited. The main outcome was the total SMILE-C score. Students showed a better SMILE-C score than controls (79.8 + 8.1 vs. 77.2 + 8.3; p < 0.001), although these differences disappeared after controlling for covariates. While groups did not differ in the screenings of depression and alcohol abuse, students reported lower rates of anxiety (28.5% vs. 37.1%; p = 0.042). A lower number of cohabitants, poorer self-perceived health and positive screening for depression and anxiety, or for depression only were independently associated (p < 0.05) with unhealthier lifestyles in both groups. History of mental illness and financial difficulties were predictors of unhealthier lifestyles for students, whereas totally/moderate changes in substance abuse and stress management (p < 0.05) were predictors for the members of the control group. Several months after the pandemic, undergraduate students and other young adults had similar lifestyles.

scholarly journals Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life in Older Adults: Trajectories of Influence across Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9039
Author(s):  
Oscar Ribeiro ◽  
Laetitia Teixeira ◽  
Lia Araújo ◽  
Carmen Rodríguez-Blázquez ◽  
Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Fixed And Random Effects ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Anxiety Depression

This study focuses on the influence of anxiety and depression on individual trajectories of quality of life in old age through a longitudinal approach. A representative sample of adults aged 50+ living in Portugal and participating in wave 4 (W4) and wave 6 (W6) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) project was considered. Participants, 1765 at baseline (W4) and 1201 at follow up (W6), were asked about their quality of life (CASP-12) and emotional status (Euro-D scale; five items from the Beck Anxiety Inventory). Linear Mixed Effects models were performed to identify factors associated with changes in quality of life across age. Increasing age was found to have a significant negative effect on quality of life. Lower education and higher levels of depression and anxiety at baseline were also associated with worse quality of life; 42.1% of the variation of CASP-12 across age was explained by fixed and random effects, being depression followed by anxiety as the factors that presented with the highest relative importance. Both depression and anxiety play an important role in quality of life in older adults and must be acknowledged as important intervention domains to foster healthy and active aging.

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