How to simulate a work situation with problems and efficiently assign it for development

NSPI Journal ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Michael Rutkaus
Keyword(s):  
Work Situation

Different Forms of Work Satisfaction

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Büssing ◽  
Thomas Bissels
Keyword(s):  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Global Satisfaction ◽  
Evaluative Processes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Level Of Aspiration

The extended model of different forms of work satisfaction ( Büssing, 1991 ), originally proposed by Bruggemann (1974) , is suggested as a distinctive qualitative approach to work satisfaction. Six forms of work satisfaction—progressive, stabilized, resigned satisfaction, constructive, fixated, resigned dissatisfaction—are derived from the constellation of four constituent variables: comparison of the actual work situation and personal aspirations, global satisfaction, changes in level of aspiration, controllability at work. Preliminary evidence from semi-structured interviews with 46 nurses shows that the dynamic model is headed in the right direction (qualitative differentiation of consistently high propertions of satisfied employees, uncovering processes of person-work situation interaction). Qualitative methods demonstrated their usefulness in accessing underlying cognitive and evaluative processes of the forms, which are often neglected by traditional attitude-based satisfaction research.

scholarly journals Trajectories of sickness absence and disability pension in colorectal cancer: a Swedish cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Chen ◽  
K Alexanderson
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background Working-aged colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have a much better survival nowadays, indicating the importance of their future work situation. We aimed to investigate trajectories of sickness absence and disability pension (SADP) days before and after CRC diagnosis and in references, and risk factors associated with different trajectories. Methods A longitudinal, population-based matched cohort study of 4735 CRC survivors in Sweden aged 19-62 when first diagnosed with CRC in 2008-2011, and 18,230 matched references was conducted, using microdata linked from several nationwide registers. The annual SADP net days for 2 years before through 5 years after diagnosis date were computed. A group-based trajectory model was used to depict SADP trajectories. Associations between trajectory membership, and sociodemographic and clinical variables were tested by chi2 test and multinomial logistic regression. Results Four trajectories of SADP days/year for CRC survivors were identified: “only increase around diagnosis” (52% of all, n = 2481), “slight increase after diagnosis” (27%), “high then decrease moderately after diagnosis” (13%), and “constantly very high” (8%). Educational level (R2=0.022), Charlson's Comorbidity Index (R2=0.029), and prediagnostic mental disorders (R2=0.066) were the strongest factors determining the SADP trajectory groups. In references, three trajectories (”constantly low” (80% of all), “constantly moderate and decrease gradually” (12%), and “very high then decrease overtime” (8%)) were identified. Conclusions Approximately 80% of CRC survivors return to a low level of SADP (0-60 days/year) at 5 years postdiagnosis. Prediagnostic status of mental disorders, somatic comorbidity, and low educational level are good indicators of future high SADP levels for CRC survivors. Key messages Most of working-age colorectal cancer survivors have low levels of sickness absence and disability pension days five years after their diagnosis. Trajectory analyses based on population-based register data can be used as a good approach in understanding future work situation regarding sick leave among working-age cancer survivors.

scholarly journals Activity Impairment, Work Status, and Work Productivity Loss in Adults 5–7 Years After Burn Injuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Spronk ◽  
Nancy EE Van Loey ◽  
Cornelis H van der Vlies ◽  
Juanita A Haagsma ◽  
Suzanne Polinder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Work Status ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Activity Impairment ◽  
Severe Burns ◽  
Specific Health

Abstract An important aspect of the rehabilitation of burn patients is social participation, including daily activities and work. Detailed information on long-term activity impairment and employment is scarce. Therefore, we investigated activity impairment, work status, and work productivity loss in adults 5–7 years following burn injuries, and investigated associations with burn-specific health-related quality of life (HRQL) domains. Adult participants completed the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment General Health questionnaire and the Burn Specific Health Scale-brief (BSHS-B) 5–7 years post-burn. Outcomes were compared between participants with mild/intermediate and severe burns (>20% total body surface area burned). Seventy-six (36%) of the 213 participants experienced some degree of activity impairment due to burn-related problems 5–7 years post-burn. Seventy percent of the population was employed; 12% of them experienced work productivity loss due to burn-related problems. Nineteen percent reported changes in their work situation (partly) because of the burn injury. A higher proportion of participants with severe burns had activity impairments (56% vs 29%; P = .001) and work productivity loss (26% vs 8%; P < .001) compared to participants with mild/intermediate burns. Activity impairment and work productivity loss were both associated with burn-related work problems and lower mood, measured with the BSHS-B. In conclusion, a substantial part of the study population experienced activity impairment and work productivity loss, was unemployed, and/or reported changes in their work situation due to their injury. Particularly patients with severe burns reported productivity loss and had lower employment rates. This subscribes the importance of addressing work-related functioning in the rehabilitation of burn patients.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Teachers’ Somatic Burden, Stress, and Emotional Exhaustion: Examining the Role of Principal Leadership and Workplace Buoyancy

AERA Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233285842098618
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Collie
Keyword(s):  
Principal Leadership ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Supportive Leadership ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Role Of Principal

The role of two leadership factors (autonomy-supportive and autonomy-thwarting leadership) and one personal resource (workplace buoyancy) were examined as predictors of three teacher outcomes: somatic burden, stress related to change, and emotional exhaustion. Data were collected from 325 Australian teachers in May, 2020 during the first wave of COVID-19. During this time, many Australian children were being taught remotely from home, while other students were attending schools in-person. Findings showed that autonomy-supportive leadership was associated with greater buoyancy and, in turn, lower somatic burden, stress related to change, and emotional exhaustion (while controlling for covariates, including COVID-19 work situation). Autonomy-thwarting leadership was positively associated with emotional exhaustion. In addition, autonomy-supportive leadership was indirectly associated with the outcomes. The findings provide understanding of factors that may be harnessed to support teachers during subsequent waves of COVID-19 and other future disruptions to schooling that may occur.

scholarly journals Structural Equation Model of Work Situation and Work–Family Conflict on Depression and Work Engagement in Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV) Drivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5822
Author(s):  
Dong-Seok Shin ◽  
Byung-Yong Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Commercial Motor Vehicle ◽  
Work Family

The shortage and aging of drivers are not problems limited to the truck industry, but are common in the broader commercial motor vehicle (CMV) industry of Korea. This study investigates the relationships between work situation, work–family conflict, depression, and work engagement of taxi, bus, and truck drivers. We extracted 512 CMV drivers from the 5th Korea Working Conditions Survey. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to investigate the impact of a work situation or work–family conflict on depression and work engagement. Results showed that 38.9% of all respondents had symptoms of depression. In the SEM, a poor work situation (standardized path coefficient = 0.250) and work–family conflict (0.117) significantly affected depression. ‘Enough time’ and ‘feeling well’ were influential variables of work situation. ‘Responsibility’ and ‘concentration’ were influential variables of work–family conflict. Additionally, depression affected work engagement (0.524). ‘Vigor’ and ‘dedication’ were influential variables of work engagement. These results show that the relationships between work situation, work–family conflict, depression, and work engagement of CMV drivers are intricately linked.

scholarly journals The relative importance of work-related and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support on global perceived stress in a cross-sectional population-based sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jes Bak Sørensen ◽  
Mathias Lasgaard ◽  
Morten Vejs Willert ◽  
Finn Breinholt Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Related Stressors

Abstract Background High levels of perceived stress have a negative bearing on health and well-being, and stress is a major public health issue. According to the Stress Process Model, stressors are socially patterned and combine to produce strain. Despite this, most studies on stress have focused on work-related stressors leaving non-work determinants under-investigated. The aim of the present study was to determine the relative importance of work-related and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support for the overall perceived stress level. Methods Self-reported data were drawn from the 2017 population-based health survey “How are you?” conducted in the Central Denmark Region (N = 32,417). Data were linked with data drawn from national administrative registers. Work- and non-work-related stressors assessed included major life events, chronic stressors and daily hassles. Perceived social support was assessed using a single question. Overall perceived stress was assessed by the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. We conducted dominance analyses based on a multiple linear regression model to determine the most important explanatory variables of overall perceived stress. Analyses were weighted and adjusted. Results Work- and non-work-related stressors along with perceived social support explained 42.5% of the total variance (R2) in overall perceived stress. The most important explanatory variables were disease, perceived social support and work situation. The stratified analyses produced slightly varying results (“dominance profiles”) of perceived stress between subgroups. Work situation was the most important explanatory variable in the employed group. However, adding non-work-related explanatory variables to the analysis tripled the explained variance. Conclusions The overall level of perceived stress can be statistically explained by a combination of work- and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support both at population level and in subgroups. The most important explanatory variables of overall perceived stress are disease, perceived social support and work situation. Results indicate that public health strategies aiming to reduce stress should take a comprehensive approach and address a variety of stressor domains rather than focus on a single domain. Trial registration The study was approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency (r. no. 2012-58-0006) and registered in the Central Denmark Region (r. no. 1-16-02-593-16).

Research on the Impact Pressure of the Hydraulic Rolling-Cut Shear

2010 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 410-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
He Yong Han ◽  
Qing Xue Huang ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Impact Pressure ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Servo Valve ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
Hydraulic Servo ◽  
Hydraulic Servo System ◽  
The Impact

The reasons for impact pressure are obtained by the research the hydraulic system of Hydraulic Rolling-Cut Shear. The impact pressure of hydraulic system is divided into direct impact and indirect impact. Based on analyzing the actual situation the measures should be taken to reduce the impact pressure when design hydraulic system. The suitable length of pipeline can improve the performance of the hydraulic system because the length is important for the impact pressure. The accumulator can absorb impact pressure and improve the work situation of servo valve. Therefore, the suitable accumulators should be set in the hydraulic system. The study provides theory basis for the pipe design of large hydraulic servo system.

An Ergonomics Perspective on Safety in the Oilfield

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (15) ◽  
pp. 999-1003
Author(s):  
Ron W. Wardell
Keyword(s):  
Scenario Analysis ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Industry Structure ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Conceptual Changes ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Drilling Rigs

Safety analyses of drilling operations are often written from the perspectives of regulation, economics, industry structure, etc. The ergonomic perspective on safety emphasizes that equipment and operations should be designed in light of human capabilities and limitations. To demonstrate this approach a scenario analysis was performed on records for 134 safety incidents on oilwell drilling rigs. The characteristics of the most critical scenarios were then considered to determine the extent to which the ergonomics of environment, equipment, and work methods might have contributed. Ergonomic data was collected at four drilling sites, including a prototype semi-automated rig. From both ergonomic and safety perspectives, the work situation of operators on a conventional rig floor is most in need of remediation. Mechanical pipe handling would provide the most complete solution to this unpleasant and unsafe environment, its strenuous and over-extending tasks, and the risks inherent in putting people near heavy moving objects. Significant improvements can be made at the detail level and at minimum cost in some tasks. Improvement in other tasks requires basic conceptual changes in rig systems and architecture. To realize their potential, new rig concepts must be carefully and systematically designed, and ergonomics should be considered throughout their design.

Through a Different Looking-Glass: Technical Writing to Train the Imagination

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Technical Writing ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
Writing Course ◽  
Looking Glass

A technical writing course can simulate the work situation and develop in students the uniquely human faculty of imagination. Whole-group effort is needed to sustain the fiction that the course is a job. Special presentation by the instructor of traditional assignments is essential. Such a course prepares students for demands made on the job. More importantly, the course, by emphasizing the act of imagining, enables students to progress from fitting facts into given formats to designing reports for specific communication situations. Because of this emphasis on imagination, the course is a humanities offering as well as a technical complement.

Een slechte start en dan?

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk-Jan Dirven ◽  
Wouter van der Torre ◽  
Seth van den Bossche
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Data ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Employment Quality

A bad start and what then? The work situation of self-employed entrepreneurs with negative and positive start motives This article assesses the extent to which the quality of labor varies between solo self-employed who set up a business for negative reasons and those who started for positive reasons. A negative reason is, for example, not being able to find a suitable job as an employee; an example of a positive reason is wanting to be self-employed from the very beginning. Quality of labor is measured according to the person's financial situation, security of employment, quality of the working environment and work satisfaction. In the analysis, data are used from the Self-employment Survey conducted by Statistics Netherlands and TNO. Compared to self-employed persons with a positive motivation, those who were negatively motivated show lower performance in terms of their business's financial situation, income position, work-related mental fatigue (burn-out), self-perceived health status, concern about the business's future and the level of satisfaction. However, in absolute terms, the vast majority appear to be satisfied with their work situation, enthusiastic and not intending to quit self-employment.

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