scholarly journals Using Response Surface Analysis to Interpret the Impact of Parent–Offspring Personality Similarity on Adolescent Externalizing Problems

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aart Franken ◽  
Odillia M. Laceulle ◽  
Marcel A.G. Van Aken ◽  
Johan Ormel
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Personality Similarity ◽  
Parent Personality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

Personality similarity between parent and offspring has been suggested to play an important role in offspring's development of externalizing problems. Nonetheless, much remains unknown regarding the nature of this association. This study aimed to investigate the effects of parent–offspring similarity at different levels of personality traits, comparing expectations based on evolutionary and goodness–of–fit perspectives. Two waves of data from the TRAILS study ( N = 1587, 53% girls) were used to study parent–offspring similarity at different levels of personality traits at age 16 predicting externalizing problems at age 19. Polynomial regression analyses and Response Surface Analyses were used to disentangle effects of different levels and combinations of parents and offspring personality similarity. Although several facets of the offspring's personality had an impact on offspring's externalizing problems, few similarity effects were found. Therefore, there is little support for assumptions based on either an evolutionary or a goodness–of–fit perspective. Instead, our findings point in the direction that offspring personality, and at similar levels also parent personality might impact the development of externalizing problems during late adolescence. © 2017 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Personality traits of parents and problems behaviors of the children with intellectual disabilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar Santosh ◽  
Jai Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

Background: The children with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) are known to exhibit different types of problem behaviors and significant limitations in their day to day age appropriate activities and adaptive behaviors. All parents of children with ID are not alike. They hold different personality traits, which are responsible for their behavioral expression. Therefore personality traits of the parents of children with ID have significant impact on the development of problem behavior of their children, Aims and objective: Hence the present study was conducted with the sole purpose of (1) to examine the types of problem behavior shown by the children with ID having different categories of ID and (2) to identify the types of the personality traits holds by the parents of children with different categories of ID (3) to examine the relationship between the personality traits of the parents and expression of problem behaviors of the children with ID. Hypothesis: •There is no significant difference in Problem Behaviors exhibited by children with different levels of ID. • There is no significant difference in Personality traits of parents having children with different levels of ID. Methodology: Sample: Sample consists of 45 parents (either father or mother) who have children with mild, moderate or severe level of ID and must exhibit the problem behaviors. Equal numbers of parents were chosen in all three groups through purposive sampling techniques. Research design: This is the cross sectional study where the impact of different types of problem behaviors exhibited by the children having different categories of ID was examined over the different personality traits of the parents. Variables: The independent variables are the different types of problem behaviors exhibited by the children with ID having different categories of ID and the dependent variable is the personality traits of the parents having children with ID. Research tools: Socio-demographic data were collected on the revised version of the NIMH Socio Economic Status (SES) Scale (NIMH, 1999). Problem behaviors were assessed by using Behavioral Assessment Scales for Indian Children with Mental Retardation (BASIC-MR) Part- B developed by Peshawaria, & Venkatesan, 1992. It measures ten types of problem behavior commonly found in children with ID. Personality traits of the parents were assessed by using Sixteen Personality Factors (16PF) questionnaire, developed by Cattell, 1967 &Kapoor, 1978. Statistical Analysis of data: Obtained data were analyzed by using Chi-square test and F-test. Software SPSS version 17.0 was used for statistical treatment of data. Result: Result indicates that violent and destructive behavior (F = 13.17), self-injurious behavior (F =10.41), and repetitive behavior (6.69) was found significant on 0.01 levels, whereas temper tantrum behavior (F= 4.67) and rebellious behavior (F = 3.62) was also found significant at 0.05 levels. These five types of problem behavior is present in ascending order in all three groups of children with ID (Mild, moderate and severe levels of ID). These problem behaviors are closely related to the parent’s personality traits of I (Sensitivity) (chi-square = 9.82, significant at 0.05 level) and Q1 (Openness to change) (chi-square = 11.58, significant at 0.05 level). Children of such parents were involving more in problem behavior. Those problem behaviors which was not found significant were misbehavior with others (F = 1.88), odd behavior (F=0.46), hyperactive behavior (F=0.48), antisocial behavior (F= 2.33), and fears (F= 2.25).

scholarly journals Personality traits of parents and problems behaviors of the children with intellectual disabilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar Santosh ◽  
Jai Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

Background: The children with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) are known to exhibit different types of problem behaviors and significant limitations in their day to day age appropriate activities and adaptive behaviors. All parents of children with ID are not alike. They hold different personality traits, which are responsible for their behavioral expression. Therefore personality traits of the parents of children with ID have significant impact on the development of problem behavior of their children, Aims and objective: Hence the present study was conducted with the sole purpose of (1) to examine the types of problem behavior shown by the children with ID having different categories of ID and (2) to identify the types of the personality traits holds by the parents of children with different categories of ID (3) to examine the relationship between the personality traits of the parents and expression of problem behaviors of the children with ID. Hypothesis: • There is no significant difference in Problem Behaviors exhibited by children with different levels of ID. • There is no significant difference in Personality traits of parents having children with different levels of ID. Methodology: Sample: Sample consists of 45 parents (either father or mother) who have children with mild, moderate or severe level of ID and must exhibit the problem behaviors. Equal numbers of parents were chosen in all three groups through purposive sampling techniques. Research design: This is the cross sectional study where the impact of different types of problem behaviors exhibited by the children having different categories of ID was examined over the different personality traits of the parents. Variables: The independent variables are the different types of problem behaviors exhibited by the children with ID having different categories of ID and the dependent variable is the personality traits of the parents having children with ID. Research tools: Socio-demographic data were collected on the revised version of the NIMH Socio Economic Status (SES) Scale (NIMH, 1999). Problem behaviors were assessed by using Behavioral Assessment Scales for Indian Children with Mental Retardation (BASIC-MR) Part- B developed by Peshawaria, & Venkatesan, 1992. It measures ten types of problem behavior commonly found in children with ID. Personality traits of the parents were assessed by using Sixteen Personality Factors (16PF) questionnaire, developed by Cattell, 1967 &Kapoor, 1978. Statistical Analysis of data: Obtained data were analyzed by using Chi-square test and F-test. Software SPSS version 17.0 was used for statistical treatment of data. Result: Result indicates that violent and destructive behavior (F = 13.17), self-injurious behavior (F =10.41), and repetitive behavior (6.69) was found significant on 0.01 levels, whereas temper tantrum behavior (F= 4.67) and rebellious behavior (F = 3.62) was also found significant at 0.05 levels. These five types of problem behavior is present in ascending order in all three groups of children with ID (Mild, moderate and severe levels of ID). These problem behaviors are closely related to the parent’s personality traits of I (Sensitivity) (chi-square = 9.82, significant at 0.05 level) and Q1 (Openness to change) (chi-square = 11.58, significant at 0.05 level). Children of such parents were involving more in problem behavior. Those problem behaviors which was not found significant were misbehavior with others (F = 1.88), odd behavior (F=0.46), hyperactive behavior (F=0.48), antisocial behavior (F= 2.33), and fears (F= 2.25).

Wear Rate Predication for Steel Based on Regression Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 126-128 ◽  
pp. 965-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Tao Yan ◽  
Zhi Li Sun ◽  
Tao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Uniform Design ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
The Impact

The wear experimental project on contact pressure, sliding speed and surface hardness was instituted by the uniform design method, the wear properties were investigated on a vertical universal friction/wear tester, the worn surfaces of specimens were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The wear rate predication model was established by polynomial regression analysis, and the goodness of fit and the significance of influencing factors was verified. The results showed that the experimental efficiency was evidently increased, and the experimental cycle was shortened by the uniform design. It is found that the wear rate predication model established is reasonable and valid, and the impact of three factors on the wear rate is coupling effect. The main wear mechanism is abrasive wear and adhesive wear.

scholarly journals Testing Similarity Effects with Dyadic Response Surface Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix D. Schönbrodt ◽  
Sarah Humberg ◽  
Steffen Nestler
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Surface Analysis ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Response Surface Analysis ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Personality Dimension ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Profile Similarity ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
The Relationship

Dyadic similarity effect hypotheses state that the (dis)similarity between dyad members (e.g. the similarity on a personality dimension) is related to a dyadic outcome variable (e.g. the relationship satisfaction of both partners). Typically, these hypotheses have been investigated by using difference scores or other profile similarity indices as predictors of the outcome variables. These approaches, however, have been vigorously criticized for their conceptual and statistical shortcomings. Here, we introduce a statistical method that is based on polynomial regression and addresses most of these shortcomings: dyadic response surface analysis. This model is tailored for similarity effect hypotheses and fully accounts for the dyadic nature of relationship data. Furthermore, we provide a tutorial with an illustrative example and reproducible R and Mplus scripts that should assist substantive researchers in precisely formulating, testing, and interpreting their dyadic similarity effect hypotheses. © 2018 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Homophilous Friendship Assortment Based on Personality Traits and Cognitive Ability in Middle Childhood: The Moderating Effect of Peer Network Size

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ville–Juhani Ilmarinen ◽  
Mari–Pauliina Vainikainen ◽  
Markku Johannes Verkasalo ◽  
Jan–Erik Lönnqvist
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Social Relevance ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Peer Network

Even though homophily (love of the same) is often thought of as a standard feature of friendships, the empirical evidence for attraction based on personality trait similarity is mixed at best. One reason for the inconsistent findings across studies could be variation in the large–scale social environment in which the studies have been conducted. We investigated whether diversity in the everyday social ecologies of 7– to 8–year–old children ( N = 549) moderates whether friendships are formed on the basis of similar personality traits and similar levels of Cognitive ability. Moderated polynomial regression and response surface analyses showed that classroom size moderated homophily based on Openness to Experience: children similar in Openness were more likely to form friendship ties, but only in larger classrooms. Moreover, we found homophily for Cognitive ability, especially among girls. The results for Openness and Cognitive ability were independent of each other. We discuss the social relevance of trait Openness and the notion that capacity to reciprocate underlies homophily based on Cognitive ability. Copyright © 2017 European Association of Personality Psychology

The Interdependence of Personality and Satisfaction in Couples

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Weidmann ◽  
Thomas Ledermann ◽  
Alexander Grob
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Personality Similarity ◽  
Interpersonal Effects

Abstract. Personality has been found to play an important role in predicting satisfaction in couples. This review presents dyadic research on the association between Big Five traits and both life and relationship satisfaction in couples focusing on self-reported personality, partner-perceived personality (how the partner rates one’s own personality), and personality similarity. Furthermore, special attention is given to possible gender effects. The findings indicate the importance of self-reported as well as partner-perceived reported personality for the satisfaction of both partners. Specifically, the majority of studies found intrapersonal and interpersonal effects for neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness on life or relationship satisfaction. For the partner-perceived personality, intrapersonal and interpersonal effects were present for all Big Five traits. Partners’ similarity in personality traits seems not to be related with their satisfaction when controlling for partners’ personality.

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