Rheological properties of polyvinyl chloride. Parts I-general flow properties

1964 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
C. L. Sieglaff
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
General Flow

Suspending Potential of Gum Systems and Their General Flow Properties

1964 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1089-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Catacalos ◽  
John H. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Flow Properties ◽  
General Flow

scholarly journals Rheological properties of sugarfree milk chocolate: Comparative study and optimisation

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 440-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasouli-Pirouzian Haniyeh ◽  
Peighardoust Seyed Hadi ◽  
Azadmard-Damirchi Sodeif
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Casson Fluid ◽  
Bulking Agents ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Milk Chocolate ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Simplex Lattice Mixture Design ◽  
Different Levels

The effects of sugar substitutes on rheological characteristics of compound milk chocolate using a simplex-lattice mixture design were evaluated. For this purpose, two bulking agents (maltitol and xylitol) at different levels (0–100%) were used and ten formulations were examined in order to find the optimum levels. All chocolate samples showed shear thinning behaviour. It was found that compound milk chocolate behaved as a Casson fluid. Chocolate formulations containing the highest maltitol substitution resulted in similar flow properties compared to those of the control and hence can be a good alternative. The results demonstrated that chocolate combinations containing 87.8% maltitol and 12.2% xylitol were found as the optimum concentrations producing the most acceptable rheological properties.

The flow properties of axoplasm in a defined chemical environment: influence of anions and calcium

1979 ◽  
Vol 205 (1160) ◽  
pp. 323-345 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Plastic Viscosity ◽  
Chemical Environment ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Giant Axons ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Anion Composition

The flow properties of axoplasm have been studied in a defined chemical environment. Axoplasm extruded from squid giant axons was introduced into porous cellulose acetate tubes of diameter roughly equal to that of the original axon. Passage of axoplasm along the tube rapidly coated the tube walls with a layer of protein. By measuring the rate of flow back and forth along the tube, the rheological properties of the axoplasm plug were investigated at a range of pressures and in a variety of media. Axoplasm behaves as a classical Bingham body the motion of which can be characterized by a yield stress ( θ ) and a plastic viscosity ( η p1 ). In a potassium methanesulphonate medium containing 65 nM free Ca 2+ , θ averaged 109 ± 46 dyn/cm 2 and η p1 146 ± 83 P. † These values were little affected by ATP, colchicine, cytocholasin B or by replacing K by Na but were sensitive to the anion composition of the medium. The effectiveness of different anions at reducing θ and η p1 was in the order SCN > I > Br > Cl > methanesul­phonate. θ and η p1 were also drastically reduced by increasing the ionized Ca. This effect required millimolar amounts of Ca, was unaffected by the presence of ATP and was irreversible. It could be blocked by the protease inhibitor TLCK. E. p. r. measurements showed that within the matrix of the axoplasm gel there is a watery space that is largely unaffected by anions or calcium.

scholarly journals Viscosity sinergism of hydrozypropmethyl and carboxy methyl cellulose

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Katona ◽  
Verica Sovilj ◽  
Lidija Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Positive Deviation ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Overlap Concentration ◽  
Carboxy Methyl

Rheology modifiers are common constituents of food, cosmetic and pharmaceutic products. Often, by using two or more of them, better control of the product rheological properties can be achieved. In this work, rheological properties of hydroxypropymethyl cellulose (HPMC) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) solutions of different concentrations were investigated and compared to the flow properties of 1% HPMC/NaCMC binary mixtures at various HPMC/NaCMC mass ratios. Solutions of HPMC and NaCMC were found to be pseudoplastic, where pseudoplasticity increases with increase in the macromolecules concentration. Changes of the degree of pseudoplasticity, n as well as the coefficient of consistency, K with the concentration are more pronounced in HPMC solutions when compared to the NaCMC ones. This is mostly due to the ability of HPMC molecules to associate with each other at concentrations above critical overlap concentration, c , and greater flexibility of macromolecular chains. Binary mixtures of HPMC/NaCMC were also found to be pseudoplastic. Experimentally obtained viscosities of the mixture were proved to be larger than theoretically expected ones, indicating viscosity synergism as a consequence of HPMC-NaCMC interaction. Maximum in synergy was observed when HPMC/NaCMC mass ratio was 0.4/0.6, no matter of the shear rate applied. On the other hand, it was found that relative positive deviation, RPD decreases when shear rate is increased.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Time-Dependent Changes in Rheological Properties and Flow Rate of 3D Concrete Printing Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6278
Author(s):  
Hojae Lee ◽  
Eun-A Seo ◽  
Won-Woo Kim ◽  
Jae-Heum Moon
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Layer Width ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Water To Binder Ratio ◽  
Over Time

Three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) materials require a relatively low water-to-binder ratio (W/B) of 0.3 or less to ensure their buildability and flow properties are sufficiently maintained after mixing. In this study, the rheological properties of 3DCP materials with W/B 0.28 were evaluated up to 60 min after mixing, and the yield stress and plastic viscosity were analyzed over time. A gradual decrease in flow rate with time was observed during the transport of 200 kg of material per batch through a 20 m hose. To examine the time-dependent changes in flow rate and layer volume, a 2200 mm × 1000 mm test specimen was printed. The dependence of the layer width over time during the printing process was measured and analyzed. The experimental analyses showed that the flow rate and layer volume of the 3DCP material gradually decreased with time after mixing, which was correlated with the rheological properties.

Changes in rheological properties of polyvinyl chloride plastisols with storage time

2020 ◽  
Vol 137 (37) ◽  
pp. 49105
Author(s):  
Yubi Ji ◽  
Anjiang Tang ◽  
Zhao Yang ◽  
Heng Luo ◽  
Hong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Storage Time

The Rheological Properties of Turkish Delight

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zurriye Yilmaz ◽  
Mehmet Dogan ◽  
Mahir Alkan ◽  
Serap Dogan
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Arrhenius Equation ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Dependent Flow

In the food industry, rheological properties, such as viscosity, shear rate, and shear stress, are the most important parameters required in the design of a technological process. Therefore, in this study, we determined the flow behavior and the time-dependent flow properties of Turkish Delight (TD) in the temperature range of 25-75°C using a capillar rheometer. The structure and thermal properties of TD were investigated by XRD and a simultaneous DTA/TG analysis. The shear rate values ranged from 5 to 300s-1. We found that: (i) TD behaved as non- Newtonian pseudoplastic foodstuff; (ii) while the measurement temperature increased, viscosity decreased; and (iii) TD was a rheopectic material. The effect of temperature on viscosity was described by means of the Arrhenius equation. The activation energies for the flow of pseudoplastic TD varied from 50.1-74.2 kJ/mol, depending on shear rate. Three models were used to predict the flow behavior of TD, namely, the Power law, Bingham and Casson models. The Power law model adequately described well the flow behavior of TD at different temperatures.

Experimental Methods for Measurement of the Rheological Properties of Polymeric Fluids

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Dae Han
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Shear Flow ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Viscoelastic Fluids ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Concentric Cylinder ◽  
Polymeric Fluids ◽  
Rheological Measurements ◽  
Oscillatory Shear Flow

There has been a continuing interest in developing experimental techniques for the measurement of the rheological properties of viscoelastic fluids. As discussed in Chapter 3, reliable experimental data are needed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of a constitutive equation in its ability to predict the rheological properties of viscoelastic fluids. Also, as is presented in later chapters, a better understanding of the rheological properties of polymers is very important for the determination of optimum processing conditions, as well as for the attainment of desired physical/mechanical properties in the finished product. Further, reliable measurement of the rheological properties of polymers can be used to control polymerization reactors in industry and also to control polymer processing operations. In this chapter, we present experimental methods for measurement of the rheological properties of polymeric fluids. For this, we discuss experimental methods to determine (1) steady-state simple shear flow and oscillatory shear flow properties using cone-and-plate rheometry, (2) steady-state shear flow properties using capillary/slit rheometry, and (3) elongational flow properties of polymeric fluids. There are other rotational types of rheological instruments, such as those with concentric-cylinder and eccentric-parallel plates. However, such rheological instruments are not widely used today and thus in this chapter we do not present the principles and applications of such rheological instruments. In presenting the experimental methods for rheological measurements we refer to the fundamentals presented in Chapters 2 and 3. For further details of the experimental methods, there are monographs (Collyer and Clegg 1998; Dealy 1982; Ferry 1980; Walter 1975) that are devoted entirely to the discussion of rheological measurements. The primary purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate how the fundamentals presented in Chapters 2–4 can be used in the measurement of the rheological properties of polymeric fluids. Optical rheometry is an important experimental technique for investigation of the relationship between any microphase morphology dynamics and the rheological behavior of complex polymeric fluids (e.g., liquid-crystalline polymers), which exhibit strong chain orientation during flow (Fuller 1995).

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