Development of a multiple-hole die for the production of single large blocks of low-density polystyrene using carbon dioxide as a blowing agent

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 2328-2334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaap van Spronsen ◽  
Jeroen P.H. van Luijtelaer ◽  
Albert Stoop ◽  
J. Christian Scheper ◽  
Tjerk J. de Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Blowing Agent

From micro/nano structured isotactic polypropylene to a multifunctional low-density nanoporous medium

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (109) ◽  
pp. 108056-108066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Saniei ◽  
Minh-Phuong Tran ◽  
Seong-Soo Bae ◽  
Piyapong Boahom ◽  
Pengjian Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Porous Medium ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

A homogeneous low-density nano-porous medium of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with a low thermal conductivity was fabricated using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2).

Thermoplastic starch and glutaraldehyde modified thermoplastic starch foams prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide fluid as a blowing agent

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 2643-2654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-li Peng ◽  
Xuan-long Peng ◽  
James Runt ◽  
Chao-ming Huang ◽  
Kuo-shien Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Blowing Agent ◽  
Starch Foams ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

scholarly journals Viscosity measurement of polypropylene loaded with blowing agents (propane and carbon dioxide) by a novel inline method

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
Raphael Vincent ◽  
Martin Langlotz ◽  
Matthias Düngen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Viscosity Measurement ◽  
Viscosity Reduction ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Melt Temperature ◽  
Blowing Agents ◽  
Foam Extrusion ◽  
Blowing Agent

Decreased viscosity due to the influence of blowing agent in thermoplastic polymer melts is a key issue for understanding the process of foam extrusion. In a process for direct foam extrusion, a novel approach for inline viscosity measurement of single-phase systems in single screw extruders is used to experimentally evaluate a viscosity decrease. Two blowing agents (propane and carbon dioxide) are tested for their effect on the viscosity of a polypropylene melt. While mass fractions of blowing agent below [Formula: see text] show little to no effect in regard to viscosity reduction compared to a pure polymer melt, a mass fraction of [Formula: see text] already results in significantly decreased viscosity values. While melt temperature influences the viscosity of the polymer melt, measurements show no significant additional effect in regard to a lowered viscosity of a single-phase system of polymer and fully dissolved blowing agent.

scholarly journals Foaming Behavior and Microcellular Morphologies of Incompatible SAN/CPE Blends with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide as a Physical Blowing Agent

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Chen Zhang ◽  
Chun-Na Yu ◽  
Yong Liang ◽  
Gui-Xiang Lin ◽  
Cong Meng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Chlorinated Polyethylene ◽  
Blowing Agent ◽  
Interconnected Pores ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

The foaming process and cellular morphologies of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN)/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) blends with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as a blowing agent were investigated in this study. As compared to pure SAN foam in the same batch, the foamed blends with various CPE elastomer content had smaller average pore size and larger cell density. This is probably related to the inhibition of bubble growth by elastomer, resulting in poor melt flowability and strong viscoelasticity, and the efficient bubble heterogeneous nucleation caused by numerous phase interfaces inside the incompletely compatible blend system. In addition, many tiny interconnected holes through the pore walls were formed to connect adjacent micropores in foamed blend samples. The formation mechanism of such interconnected pores is probably due to the fracture of stretched melt around the bubble from phase interfaces with weak interactions. These facts suggest an effective path to control pore size, cell density and even interconnected pores of blend foams depends on the compatibility of the blend system and difference in foamability of individual components in supercritical CO2.

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