Erroneous production of PAPP-A kits: the impact of a downward shift in PAPP-A concentration on the test performance of first-trimester combined screening for Down syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 821-826
Author(s):  
P. N. A. C. M. van Heesch ◽  
Y. B. de Rijke ◽  
J. A. M. Laudy ◽  
H. I. J. Wildschut
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Downward Shift ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals A comparison of the impact of screen-positive results obtained from ultrasound and biochemical screening for Down syndrome in the first trimester: a pilot study

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. N. Weinans ◽  
Loes Kooij ◽  
Moira A. Müller ◽  
Katia M. Bilardo ◽  
Jan M. M. van Lith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Biochemical Screening ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Results

Age independent first trimester screening for Down syndrome: improvement in test performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 884-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. J. Engels ◽  
J. W. R. Twisk ◽  
M. A. Blankenstein ◽  
J. M. G. van Vugt
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Screening ◽  
Trimester Screening ◽  
Age Independent

scholarly journals OP02.12: The impact of fetal gender on first trimester Down syndrome risk assessment

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
E. Timmerman ◽  
E. de Jong ◽  
E. Pajkrt ◽  
C. Bilardo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Fetal Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Down Syndrome Risk

scholarly journals The Role of TNF-α and Anti-TNF-α Agents during Preconception, Pregnancy, and Breastfeeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2922
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Romanowska-Próchnicka ◽  
Anna Felis-Giemza ◽  
Marzena Olesińska ◽  
Piotr Wojdasiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Migratory Activity ◽  
Immune System Diseases ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a multifunctional Th1 cytokine and one of the most important inflammatory cytokines. In pregnancy, TNF-α influences hormone synthesis, placental architecture, and embryonic development. It was also shown that increased levels of TNF-α are associated with pregnancy loss and preeclampsia. Increased TNF-α levels in complicated pregnancy draw attention to trophoblast biology, especially migratory activity, syncytialisation, and endocrine function. Additionally, elevated TNF-α levels may affect the maternal-fetal relationship by altering the secretory profile of placental immunomodulatory factors, which in turn affects maternal immune cells. There is growing evidence that metabolic/pro-inflammatory cytokines can program early placental functions and growth in the first trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, early pregnancy placenta has a direct impact on fetal development and maternal immune system diseases that release inflammatory (e.g., TNF-α) and immunomodulatory factors, such as chronic inflammatory rheumatic, gastroenterological, or dermatological diseases, and may result in an abnormal release of cytokines and chemokines in syncytiotrophoblasts. Pregnancy poses a challenge in the treatment of chronic disease in patients who plan to have children. The activity of the disease, the impact of pregnancy on the course of the disease, and the safety of pharmacotherapy, including anti-rheumatic agents, in pregnancy should be considered.

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