Deafness enhances perceptual span size in C hinese reading: Evidence from a gaze‐contingent moving‐window paradigm

PsyCh Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Fang Liu ◽  
Chao Yang Chen ◽  
Wen Tong ◽  
Yong Qiang Su
Keyword(s):  
Moving Window ◽  
Perceptual Span

Young skilled deaf readers have an enhanced perceptual span in reading

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie N Bélanger ◽  
Michelle Lee ◽  
Elizabeth R Schotter
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Moving Window ◽  
Perceptual Span ◽  
Deaf Readers ◽  
Deaf Adults

Recently, Bélanger, Slattery, Mayberry and Rayner showed, using the moving-window paradigm, that profoundly deaf adults have a wider perceptual span during reading relative to hearing adults matched on reading level. This difference might be related to the fact that deaf adults allocate more visual attention to simple stimuli in the parafovea. Importantly, this reorganization of visual attention in deaf individuals is already manifesting in deaf children. This leads to questions about the time course of the emergence of an enhanced perceptual span (which is under attentional control) in young deaf readers. The present research addressed this question by comparing the perceptual spans of young deaf readers (age 7-15) and young hearing readers (age 7-15). Young deaf readers, like deaf adults, were found to have a wider perceptual span relative to their hearing peers matched on reading level, suggesting that strong and early reorganization of visual attention in deaf individuals goes beyond the processing of simple visual stimuli and emerges into more cognitively complex tasks, such as reading.

The role of L1 reading direction on L2 perceptual span: An eye-tracking study investigating Hindi and Urdu speakers

2021 ◽  
pp. 026765832110497
Author(s):  
Leigh B Fernandez ◽  
Ricarda Bothe ◽  
Shanley EM Allen
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
First Language ◽  
Moving Window ◽  
Perceptual Span ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Saccade Length ◽  
Reading Direction ◽  
The Right

In the current study we used the gaze-contingent moving window paradigm to directly compare the second language (L2) English perceptual span of two groups that speak languages with essentially the same lexicon and grammar but crucially with different writing directions (and scripts): Hindi (read left to right) and Urdu (read right to left). This is the first study to directly compare first language (L1) speakers of languages that differ primarily in reading direction in a common L2, English. While Urdu speakers had a slightly faster reading rate, we found no additional differences between Hindi and Urdu speakers when reading L2 English; both groups showed a perceptual span between 9 and 11 characters to the right of the fixation based on saccade length. This suggests little to no influence of L1 reading direction on L2 perceptual span, but rather that L2 perceptual span is influenced by allocation of attention during reading. Our data are in line with research by Leung et al. (2014) finding that L2 speakers have a smaller perceptual span than native speakers (L1 perceptual span is approximately 15 characters to the right of the fixation). This most likely stems from the increased demands associated with reading in a second language, which led to a reduction in the amount of attention that can be allocated outside of the current fixation.

scholarly journals Individual differences in the perceptual span during reading: Evidence from the moving window technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 2463-2475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonil Choi ◽  
Matthew W. Lowder ◽  
Fernanda Ferreira ◽  
John M. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Moving Window ◽  
Perceptual Span ◽  
Window Technique

scholarly journals Model Predictive Control for Wave Energy Converters: A Moving Window Blocking Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 12815-12821
Author(s):  
Juan Guerrero-Fernández ◽  
Oscar J. González-Villarreal ◽  
John Anthony Rossiter ◽  
Bryn Jones
Keyword(s):  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Moving Window ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Energy Converters

scholarly journals Random Material Property Fields of 3D Concrete Microstructures Based on CT Image Reconstruction

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1423
Author(s):  
George Stefanou ◽  
Dimitrios Savvas ◽  
Panagiotis Metsis
Keyword(s):  
Random Fields ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Concrete Specimen ◽  
Elasticity Tensor ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Moving Window ◽  
Window Method ◽  
Ct Image Reconstruction ◽  
Random Material Property ◽  
Spatially Varying

The purpose of this paper is to determine the random spatially varying elastic properties of concrete at various scales taking into account its highly heterogeneous microstructure. The reconstruction of concrete microstructure is based on computed tomography (CT) images of a cubic concrete specimen. The variability of the local volume fraction of the constituents (pores, cement paste and aggregates) is quantified and mesoscale random fields of the elasticity tensor are computed from a number of statistical volume elements obtained by applying the moving window method on the specimen along with computational homogenization. Based on the statistical characteristics of the mesoscale random fields, it is possible to assess the effect of randomness in microstructure on the mechanical behavior of concrete.

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