scholarly journals Small RNA and transcriptome sequencing reveal the role of miR-199a-3p in inflammatory processes in cystic fibrosis airways

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Bardin ◽  
Emmeline Marchal-Duval ◽  
Florence Sonneville ◽  
Sabine Blouquit-Laye ◽  
Nathalie Rousselet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

scholarly journals The Small RNA ncS35 Regulates Growth in Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315

mSphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne Kiekens ◽  
Andrea Sass ◽  
Filip Van Nieuwerburgh ◽  
Dieter Deforce ◽  
Tom Coenye
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Burkholderia Cenocepacia ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Intrinsic Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Structure

Small RNAs play an important role in the survival of bacteria in diverse environments. We explored the physiological role of ncS35, a small RNA expressed inB. cenocepaciaJ2315, an opportunistic pathogen in cystic fibrosis patients. In cystic fibrosis patients, infections can lead to “cepacia syndrome,” a rapidly progressing and often fatal pneumonia. Infections withBurkholderiaspp. are difficult to threat with antibiotics because of their high intrinsic resistance and ability to form biofilms. We show that ncS35 attenuates the growth and reduces the metabolic rate ofB. cenocepaciaand influences biofilm structure. This demonstrates that as-yet-uncharacterized small RNAs with regulatory function can influence physiological traits ofB. cenocepaciathat are relevant for infection.

Virome and Inflammasomes, a Finely Tuned Balance with Important Consequences for the Host Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Freer ◽  
Fabrizio Maggi ◽  
Mauro Pistello
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Immune Defences

Background:The virome is a network of viruses normally inhabiting humans. It forms a conspicuous portion of the so-called microbiome, once generically referred to as resident flora. Indeed, viruses infecting humans without leading to clinical disease are increasingly recognized as part of the microbiome and have an impact on the development of our immune system. In addition, they activate inflammasomes, multiprotein complexes that assemble in cells and that are responsible for the downstream effects of sensing pathogens.Objective:This review aims at summarizing the evidence on the role of the virome in modulating inflammation and emphasizes evidence for Anelloviruses as useful molecular markers to monitor inflammatory processes and immune system competence.Method:We carried out a review of the literature published in the last 5 years and summarized older literature to take into account ground-breaking discoveries concerning inflammasome assembly and virome.Results:A massive amount of data recently emerging demonstrate that the microbiome closely reflects what we eat, and many other unexpected variables. Composition, location, and amount of the microbiome have an impact on innate and adaptive immune defences. Viruses making up the virome contribute to shaping the immune system. Anelloviruses, the best known of such viruses, are present in most human beings, persistently without causing apparent disease. Depending on their interplay with such viruses, inflammasomes instruct host defences to tolerate or forfeit a specific microorganism.Conclusion:The virome plays an important role in shaping human immune defences and contributes to inflammatory processes by quenching or increasing them.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells: The Secret Children’s Weapons against the SARS-CoV-2 Lethal Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1696
Author(s):  
Mario Giosuè Balzanelli ◽  
Pietro Distratis ◽  
Orazio Catucci ◽  
Angelo Cefalo ◽  
Rita Lazzaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Unusual Event ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Due to the promising effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of various diseases, this commentary aimed to focus on the auxiliary role of MSCs to reduce inflammatory processes of acute respiratory infections caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Since early in 2020, COVID-19, a consequence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly affected millions of people world-wide. The SARS-CoV-2 infection in children appears to be an unusual event. Despite the high number of affected adult and elderly, children and adolescents remained low in amounts, and marginally touched. Based on the promising role of cell therapy and regenerative medicine approaches in the treatment of several life-threatening diseases, it seems that applying MSCs cell-based approaches can also be a hopeful strategy for improving subjects with severe acute respiratory infections caused by COVID-19.

scholarly journals Systems Biology and Bile Acid Signalling in Microbiome-Host Interactions in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
David F. Woods ◽  
Stephanie Flynn ◽  
Jose A. Caparrós-Martín ◽  
Stephen M. Stick ◽  
F. Jerry Reen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Important Host ◽  
Respiratory Microbiota

The study of the respiratory microbiota has revealed that the lungs of healthy and diseased individuals harbour distinct microbial communities. Imbalances in these communities can contribute to the pathogenesis of lung disease. How these imbalances occur and establish is largely unknown. This review is focused on the genetically inherited condition of Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Understanding the microbial and host-related factors that govern the establishment of chronic CF lung inflammation and pathogen colonisation is essential. Specifically, dissecting the interplay in the inflammation–pathogen–host axis. Bile acids are important host derived and microbially modified signal molecules that have been detected in CF lungs. These bile acids are associated with inflammation and restructuring of the lung microbiota linked to chronicity. This community remodelling involves a switch in the lung microbiota from a high biodiversity/low pathogen state to a low biodiversity/pathogen-dominated state. Bile acids are particularly associated with the dominance of Proteobacterial pathogens. The ability of bile acids to impact directly on both the lung microbiota and the host response offers a unifying principle underpinning the pathogenesis of CF. The modulating role of bile acids in lung microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation could offer new potential targets for designing innovative therapeutic approaches for respiratory disease.

Understanding the expanding role of pharmacy services in outpatient cystic fibrosis care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffery T. Zobell ◽  
Justin Moss ◽  
Stephanie Heuser ◽  
Lynda Roe ◽  
David C. Young
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
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