scholarly journals Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults: Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials

Obesity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah F. Tate ◽  
Leslie Lytle ◽  
Kristen Polzien ◽  
Molly Diamond ◽  
Kelsey R. Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Management Interventions

scholarly journals Weight Management in Young Adults: Systematic Review of Electronic Health Intervention Components and Outcomes (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Jade Willmott ◽  
Bo Pang ◽  
Sharyn Rundle-Thiele ◽  
Abi Badejo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Quality Assessment Tool ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
What Works ◽  
Ehealth Intervention

BACKGROUND Young adulthood is a vulnerable period for unhealthy lifestyle adoption and excess weight gain. Scant attention has been focused on developing and evaluating effective weight gain prevention strategies for this age group. Electronic health (eHealth) offers potential as a cost-effective means of delivering convenient, individually-tailored, and contextually-meaningful interventions at scale. OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this systematic review was to locate and synthesize the evidence on eHealth weight management interventions targeting young adults, with a particular focus on (eHealth) intervention components and outcomes. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The search strategy was executed across the following electronic databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, EMBASE, Emerald, Education Resources Information Center, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Ovid, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. Furthermore, 2 reviewers independently assessed records for eligibility: peer-reviewed, published in English, and report evaluations of eHealth weight management interventions targeting healthy young adults (aged 18-35 years). Data were then extracted from studies that met the criteria for inclusion. The methodological quality of studies was independently assessed by 2 reviewers using the Effective Public Health Practice Project’s (EPHPP) quality assessment tool. A comprehensive narrative evidence synthesis was then completed. RESULTS Out of the 1301 studies assessed for eligibility, 24 met the criteria for inclusion. According to the EPHPP quality assessment tool, overall, 19 studies were as rated weak, 5 as moderate, and none as strong. The narrative synthesis of intervention outcomes found 8 studies reported positive weight-related outcomes, 4 reported mixed outcomes, and 12 did not report any significant changes in weight-related outcomes. The narrative synthesis of (eHealth) intervention components led to 3 levels of classification. A total of 14 studies were classified as Web-based, 3 as mobile-based, and 7 as multicomponent interventions. Following the narrative synthesis, 5 key strategies were thematically identified: self-regulation (goal setting and self-monitoring), tailored or personalized feedback, contact with an interventionist, social support, and behavioral prompts (nudges and reminders) and booster messages. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the limited evidence base for eHealth weight management interventions targeting young adults. The complex nature of weight management presents an ongoing challenge for interventionists to identify what works, for whom, how, and when. The quality of the evidence in this review was generally assessed as weak; however, assessment tools such as the EPHPP are principally concerned with what should be and this is seldom equivalent to what works. Thus, while sampling, study design and retention rates will remain key determining factors of reliability and validity, further research attention directed toward the development of guiding tools for community trials is warranted.

Insurer's Black Box: Inexplicable Barriers to Proton Therapy Access for Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 1538-1539
Author(s):  
Arpit M. Chhabra ◽  
J. Isabelle Choi ◽  
Shaakir Hasan ◽  
Robert H. Press ◽  
Rafi Kabarriti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Proton Therapy ◽  
Black Box

Effect of the FDA Black Box Suicidality Warnings for Antidepressants on Suicide Rates in the USA

Crisis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Plöderl ◽  
Michael Pascal Hengartner
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Black Box Warnings ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Random Fluctuations

Abstract. Background: Some authors claimed that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) black box warning on treatment-emergent suicidality with antidepressants in adolescents (issued 2004) and young adults (issued 2006) led to an increase of suicides, based on the analyses of ecological data with debatable assumptions about putative changes in suicide rates. Aims: To explore if putative changes in suicide rates in adolescents and young adults at the time of the FDA warnings is a detectable signal in the data or compatible with random fluctuations. Method: We applied different changepoint analyses for adolescent and young adult suicide rates from 1981 to 2019 in the USA. Results: Changepoint analysis did not support a detrimental effect of the FDA black box warnings. The downward trend of suicides reversed several years after the warning in adolescents (2007–2009) and many years before in young adults (1999–2001). Limitations: Our analyses cannot rule out detrimental effects of the FDA warnings. However, even if there was such an effect, it was likely small and indistinguishable from random fluctuations in the available suicide data. Conclusion: There is no detectable change of trend in adolescent or young adult suicide rates in line with a detrimental effect of the FDA black box warnings on treatment-emergent suicidality.

scholarly journals Weight Management in Young Adults: Systematic Review of Electronic Health Intervention Components and Outcomes

10.2196/10265 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. e10265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Jade Willmott ◽  
Bo Pang ◽  
Sharyn Rundle-Thiele ◽  
Abi Badejo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Electronic Health

scholarly journals SUN-543 Real World Evidence of Successful Weight Management for the Obese Population: Complete Reversal of Obesity Related Metabolic Co-Morbidities and Weight Loss in Patients Attending a Multidisciplinary Weight Management Clinic in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Rock ◽  
Juliana Chen ◽  
Joanna Jaques ◽  
Bernard L Champion ◽  
Reginald V Lord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Exercise Physiology ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Total Body Weight Loss

Abstract Over 2.5 billion people worldwide are overweight or obese. Multidisciplinary weight management interventions have evolved to address the complexity of weight loss for those with one or more chronic diseases, and the trend of weight regain. The aim of these interventions is to encourage sustainable lifestyle changes, resulting in weight loss and weight maintenance and improvements in comorbidities. While some prospective clinical trials have demonstrated efficacy, results are often not reported by real life practices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Sydney based multidisciplinary weight management clinic with endocrinology, dietetics, exercise physiology, psychology, and bariatric surgical domains. All patients who attended the clinic for weight loss purposes between March 2017 and April 2019 were included (n=220). A retrospective chart review was conducted. Patient data on weight, BMI, waist circumference, body composition measurements, and selected blood test results and co-morbidities were analysed. All patient therapy included endocrinological input for co-morbidity identification and management, lifestyle intervention (dietetic and exercise physiology input) with optional adjunct pharmacotherapy or psychological counselling. Of the 220 cohort, 20 of the patients had sleeve gastrectomy. Patient retention in the clinic after the first consultation was 85% (n=186), a high rate within the weight management community. 59% of patients achieved a minimum of 5% total body weight loss, including 18% who achieved greater than 10% total body weight loss. Additionally, 31% of patients lost enough weight to decrease their BMI class by up to 2 or more classes. Of the gastric sleeve cohort average excess body weight loss was 32kg (21-56kg) enhanced by multidisciplinary care in the lead up to surgery. Across the cohort some patients completely reversed co-morbidities; including dyslipidaemia (n=1), hypertension (n=3), NAFLD (n=1), pre-diabetes (n=8) and type 2 diabetes (n=3), OSA (n=1). These results demonstrate that obesity is a chronic condition that can be successfully managed. We have demonstrated significant durable weight loss and improvement in metabolic co-morbidities with holistic coordinated care. Future directions include translating this model of care into standard practice in Australia and other countries where obesity to date not received the same coordinated approach as other chronic conditions.

scholarly journals Exploring the evidence base for Tier 3 weight management interventions for adults: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 260-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Brown ◽  
C. O'Malley ◽  
J. Blackshaw ◽  
V. Coulton ◽  
A. Tedstone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Tier 3
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document